Histopathological Alternations of Blood Clam Tegillarca granosa in Acute Copper, Zinc, Lead and Cadmium Exposures

Blood clam, Tegillarca granosa, facing increasing danger of heavy metal contamination. In order to investigate the toxicological effect of copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), and cadmium (Cd) on T. granosa, histopathological alternations were investigated in present study. Based on histopathological observation, Cu, Pb and Cd showed different degrees of damages to gills range from gill degeneration, gill fusion to interlamellar space and cilia reduction. In general, the more toxic the more severe damages to gills were observed. Massive oocytes degeneration in female gonad, muscle fiber degeneration and increased gap between muscle fibers in foot were found in Cd-exposure-treated T. granosa. Zn exposure induced an increase of epidermis wrinkles and a reduction of inner gaps. The results reveal different toxic mechanisms of tested heavy metals on T. granosa.

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Specific Death Symptoms and Organic Lesions of Blood Clam Tegillarca granosa in Acute Copper, Zinc, Lead and Cadmium Exposures

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.518-523.490 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 518-523 ◽

pp. 490-493 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Guang Xu Liu ◽

Xue Liang Chai ◽

Yan Qing Shao ◽

Hong Xi Wu

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metal ◽

Heavy Metal Contamination ◽

Metal Tolerance ◽

Heavy Metal Tolerance ◽

Tegillarca Granosa ◽

Lead And Cadmium ◽

Blood Clam ◽

Copper Zinc ◽

Muddy Sediments ◽

Organic Lesions

Blood clam, Tegillarca granosa, habit in near-shore muddy sediments facing increasing danger of heavy metal contamination. In order to assess the acute toxicity of heavy metals on T. granosa, short term lethal concentration (LC50) of copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), and cadmium (Cd) were determined, symptoms of death and organic lesions were illustrated. With relative high LC50 values obtained, T. granosa showed great heavy metal tolerance indicates adaptations to habitat environment. T. granosa died in acute Cd exposure showed specific death symptom with foot extended outside of the tightly closed shells. In this study, different metals led to different organic lesions. Dark red erosive and inflamed gills were observed for T. granosa exposed to acute Cu and Pb, respectively. Inflamed gonad and foot, and contracted mantle were observed for Cd and Zn exposure trials, respectively. The results of this study may provide knowledge to assist in heavy metal pollution bio-monitoring and quick diagnosis of massive death incidence.

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Polymorphism of p-450 cytochrome detoxication genes in adolescents depending on the degree of contamination of the organism by heavy metals

Hygiene and Sanitation ◽

10.33029/0016-9900-2020-99-5-478-482 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 99 (5) ◽

pp. 478-482

Author(s):

N. P. Setko ◽

A. G. Setko ◽

Ekaterina V. Bulycheva ◽

A. V. Tyurin ◽

E. Yu. Kalinina

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Environmental Factors ◽

Heavy Metal Contamination ◽

Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽

The Body ◽

Lead And Cadmium ◽

Cyp2b6 Gene ◽

Cytochrome P 450 ◽

Gene Cyp1a1 ◽

Group 1

Introduction. Changes in the body of children and adolescents aimed at adapting to environmental factors are determined by genetic polymorphism in xenobiotic biotransformation genes, determining the degree of susceptibility of the child’s body to pollutants, which is the basis of modern personalized preventive medicine when managing risks to the health of the child population under the influence of environmental factors. Material and methods. Trace elements, including heavy metals, lead and cadmium, were determined in the hair of 256 practically healthy teenagers by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Depending on the level of content of the latter, two groups of adolescents were formed to determine six genes of the cytochrome P-450 family. Group 1 consisted of adolescents whose cadmium lead content exceeded the average Russian indices. The second group included adolescents whose heavy metals were above the level of average Russian standards. Results. Studies have shown that in adolescents of the 1st group, compared with the data of adolescents of the 2nd group, an increase in the number of carriers of two mutant alleles at the locus rs 1048943 (gene CYP1A1) is 3.08 times, rs 464621 (gene CYP1A1) is 1. 8 times; locus rs 2069522 (CYP1A2 gene) 3.63 times; locus rs 1799853 (CYP2C9 * 2 gene) 4.5 times; locus rs 1057910 (gene CYP2C9 * 3) 3.8 times and locus rs 2279343 (gene CYP2B6) 4.25 times. Moreover, carriers of two normal alleles in adolescents of the first group at the locus rs 1048943 (gene CYP1A1) were 5.14 times; locus rs 2279343 (CYP2B6 gene) was 6.5 fold less than among adolescents of the 2nd group; and at the locus rs 464621 (gene CYP1A1), rs 2069522 (gene CYP1A2), rs 1799853 (gene CYP2C9 * 2), rs 1057910 (gene CYP2C9 * 3) there were no carriers of normal homozygotes. Conclusion. Group 1 adolescents with heavy metal contamination of the body are carriers significantly in a greater number of pathological mutations in the genes of the cytochrome P-450 detoxification system in comparison with data from group 2 adolescents.

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Effect of Copper-Zinc Superoxide Dismutase on Endothelium-Dependent Vasodilation in Patients With Essential Hypertension

Hypertension ◽

10.1161/01.hyp.26.6.863 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 26 (6) ◽

pp. 863-868 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

Carlos E. García ◽

Crescence M. Kilcoyne ◽

Carmine Cardillo ◽

Richard O. Cannon ◽

Arshed A. Quyyumi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Essential Hypertension ◽

Copper Zinc Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Zinc Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Copper Zinc ◽

Effect Of Copper

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Potential Risk of Consuming Vegetables Planted in Soil with Lead and Cadmium and the Influence on Vegetable Antioxidant Activity

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11093761 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (9) ◽

pp. 3761

Author(s):

Wen-Lii Huang ◽

Wei-Hsiang Chang ◽

Shu-Fen Cheng ◽

Huai-Yuan Li ◽

Hsiu-Ling Chen

Keyword(s):

Sweet Potato ◽

Contaminated Soils ◽

Vegetable Consumption ◽

Accumulation Rate ◽

Leafy Vegetables ◽

Water Spinach ◽

Potato Leaf ◽

Cd Accumulation ◽

Lead And Cadmium ◽

Cd Exposure

Once in soil and water, metals can enter the food chain, and the consumption of contaminated crops can pose a serious risk to human health. This study used pot experiments to evaluate the accumulation of metal elements and their influence on levels of antioxidants in vegetables. The current study clearly demonstrates that metals accumulated in the five vegetables that were planted in the contaminated soils, especially so for water spinach. Cd accumulation of all of the vegetables planted in the contaminated soils was greater Cu. The low accumulation rate that was seen in sweet potato leaf, potato, and tomato indicated their suitability for planting in suspected contaminated soil, such as at farms nearby metal industries, in replacement of high accumulators, such as leafy vegetables. The non-carcinogenic HI of Cd exposure from water spinach and sweet potato were >1, whereas those for Cu were <1. This study suggests that residents may experience health risks due to vegetable consumption, and that children are vulnerable to the adverse effects of heavy metal ingestion.

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Chronic Exposure to Lead and Cadmium in Residents Living near a Zinc Smelter

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18041731 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 1731

Author(s):

HyeJeong Jo ◽

GeunBae Kim ◽

JunYoung Chang ◽

Kwan Lee ◽

ChulWoo Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Management ◽

Control Group ◽

Exposure Group ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Adverse Health Effects ◽

Lead And Cadmium ◽

Exposure Levels ◽

Male Sex ◽

Locally Grown ◽

Cd Exposure

This study aimed to measure lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) exposure levels in residents living near a zinc (Zn) smelter in Seokpo-myeon, Bonghwa-gun, South Korea, and identify factors affecting exposure. Residents aged ≥20 years living within 3 km and ≥30 km away from the smelter were classified as the exposure group (n = 549), and the control group (n = 265), respectively. Data were obtained through a questionnaire survey. Blood Pb levels in the exposure group (4.19 µg/dL) were higher than in the control group (2.70 µg/dL). The exposure group (1.32 µg/L) also had higher urinary Cd concentrations than the control group (0.80 µg/L). Male sex, older age, previous work at the smelter, smoking, and proximity to the smelter were associated with higher blood Pb levels on multivariate analysis; urinary Cd concentration was significantly higher in women, those who were older, those with experience of working in a Zn smelter or mine, those with proximity to the Zn smelter, and those who consumed locally grown vegetables. In conclusion, Zn smelters are major source of Pb and Cd pollution and require ongoing public health management to prevent potential adverse health effects.

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