Synergetic Performance of Retention Aids on Reconstituted Tobacco by Papermaking Process

2012 ◽  
Vol 549 ◽  
pp. 605-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Hong Zhao ◽  
Xia Lin Liao ◽  
Bei Hai He ◽  
Yuan Jun Yao ◽  
Feng Lan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Guar Gum ◽  
Retention Performance ◽  
Retention Efficiency ◽  
Tensile Index ◽  
Retention System ◽  
First Pass ◽  
Retention Aids ◽  
Strength Character ◽  
Filler Retention ◽  
Distinct Increase

In this work, the effects of four kinds of additives including polyethyleneimine, carboxymethylcellulose, guar gum, and chitosan on the retention performance of reconstituted tobacco pulp and strength character of final base sheet were discussed. The results showed that the filler retention efficiency and first pass retention efficiency increased by 17.7% and by 5.8% at chitosan dosage of 0.2%, respectively. Moreover, the tensile index showed a distinct increase in chitosan retention system. The largest strength index was found to be in carboxymethylcellulose retention system, the tensile index was increased from 6.5 N•m/g to 8.67 N•m/g, and the wet tensile index was increased from 0.37 N•m/g to 0.51 N•m/g.

Preparation of Solutions of Papermaking Wet End Chemicals Using Process Water

2011 ◽  
Vol 236-238 ◽  
pp. 1203-1207
Author(s):  
Li Hong Zhao ◽  
Jian Rong Hu ◽  
Bei Hai He
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Process Water ◽  
Retention Performance ◽  
Paper Making ◽  
Retention Aids ◽  
White Water ◽  
Filler Retention

In this work, the possibility of diluting chemicals using white water in paper making process instead of fresh water was discussed. The circulation water was found to be harmless to the fines and filler retention when retention aids chemicals were prepared with fresh water. The retention performance of the dual retention aids system consisting of CPAM and bentonite was determined when dissolved using white water. It was found that the dissolution of CPAM with white water from disc saveall did not have an influence on the efficiency of retention aids system, while the flocculation function of bentonite was significantly affected by the quality of white water. Moreover, the result indicated that it was feasible for fixing agent PEI to be dissolved with white water in this experiment.

scholarly journals Gastroretentive drug delivery system of a lipid lowering agent

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (9) ◽  
pp. 152-155
Author(s):  
D. Krishnarajan ◽  
N. Senthil Kumar ◽  
Rajesh Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Guar Gum ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
In Vitro Dissolution ◽  
Wet Granulation ◽  
Natural Polymers ◽  
First Pass Metabolism ◽  
First Pass ◽  
Mucoadhesive Tablets ◽  
Pass Metabolism

The objective of this study was to develop mucoadhesive tablets of Simvastatin using natural polymers. Simvastatin has short biological half-life and high first pass metabolism hence which was designed to increase the gastric residence time which prolong the drug release. The tablets were prepared by wet granulation technique using Carbopol-934, guar gum, xanthine gum and chitosin as polymers. Formulations were evaluated for different parameters like hardness, friability, uniformity of weight, swelling characteristics, in vitro dissolution and kinetic studies. The dissolution was carried out for 12 hours in which the formulation with guar gum has shown highest dissolution release profile (F9). Thus the present study concludes that mucoadhesive tablets of simvastatin can be a good way to pass the extensive hepatic first pass metabolism and to improve the bioavailability of simvastatin.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/icpj.v2i9.16077 International Current Pharmaceutical Journal, August 2013, 2(9): 152-155

COMPUTATIONAL MODELLING OF A VORTEX CSO STRUCTURE

1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian J. Saul ◽  
Karel Svejkovsky
Keyword(s):  
Particle Tracking ◽  
Computational Modelling ◽  
Terminal Velocity ◽  
Retention Performance ◽  
Sewer System ◽  
Retention Efficiency ◽  
Final Destination ◽  
Combined Sewer ◽  
Solids Separation ◽  
Individual Particles

Vortex combined sewer overtlow (CSO) structures with a peripheral spill weir are sometimes used within UK sewerage systems for the prevention of tlooding and the retention of pollutants within the sewer system. The velocity distribution within such a CSO chamber has been simulated using the 3D mathematical model FLUENT. Similarly the particle tracking routine of FLUENT has been utilised to predict the trajectory and final destination (treatment or spill) of individual particles with known size and terminal velocity which were introduced within the intlow to the chamber. From this data it has been possible to predict the solids separation retention efficiency for these particles and the results have been compared with previously published experimental data. Some agreement was observed between the two sets of results. The paper is concluded by a discussion concerning the capability and limitations of the FLUENT model to predict the hydraulic and pollutant retention performance of a Vortex CSO chamber.

Boosting the elongation potential of paper by mechanical refining and additives

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (09) ◽  
pp. 489-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders Strand ◽  
Jarmo Kouko ◽  
Antti Oksanen ◽  
Kristian Salminen ◽  
Annika Ketola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Guar Gum ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Paper Properties ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Tensile Stiffness ◽  
Tensile Index ◽  
Mechanical Refining ◽  
High Elongation ◽  
Pulp Treatment ◽  
The Web

The procedures used in restraining the web during drying will severely affect paper properties. In this work, the main differences between restrained drying and unrestrained drying on paper properties were identified. The mechanical properties of paper were studied as a function of low-consistency mechanical refining energy; wet-end additions of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) with cationic starches; as well as spray addition of alginate, chitosan, and cationic guar gum. After restrained drying, the tensile index and tensile stiffness increased with increasing refining energy, but the elongation at break was severely limited. After unrestrained drying, the elongation at break increased linearly with increasing refining energy. However, unrestrained drying also resulted in significantly lower tensile index and tensile stiffness values. After restrained drying, the largest increases in tensile index and stiffness were obtained by sequential wet-end addition of CMC and cationic starches. Certain combinations could mitigate all of the decrease in tensile index from unrestrained drying, while maintaining the distinctively high elongation potential of the paper. Wet-end addition of CMC and cationic starches could mitigate some of the decrease in tensile stiffness, but not completely. Spray addition of alginate, chitosan, or cationic guar gum increased the tensile index after both restrained and unrestrained drying. Spray addition of alginate resulted in significant increases in elongation at break and two-dimensional formability of the handsheets after unrestrained drying. After restrained drying, the tensile stiffness increased after spray addition of all of the different polysaccharides. After unrestrained drying, however, stiffness was unaffected by all of the tested polysaccharide spray additions. The same pulp treatment/additives will increase either stiffness or stretch, depending on the drying technique, but both properties could not be maximized simultaneously.

Effect of Xylanase-Aided Refining on Wet-End Chemistry and Bleachability of Masson Thermomechanical Pulp

2013 ◽  
Vol 781-784 ◽  
pp. 2667-2671
Author(s):  
Qing Xian Miao ◽  
Liu Lian Huang ◽  
Li Hui Chen
Keyword(s):  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Thermomechanical Pulp ◽  
Enzymatic Pretreatment ◽  
Tensile Index ◽  
Pulp Sample ◽  
Filler Retention ◽  
The Impact

The Masson thermomechanical pulp (TMP) which was obtained from the first stage refiner was pretreated with xylanase followed by refining with PFI refiner. The impact of enzymatic refining on wet-end chemistry and bleachability of pulp were studied. The results showed that the enzymatic pretreatment could improve the wet-end chemistry properties and enhance the bleachability of masson TMP. In contrast to the control pulp sample, the beating degree, the zeta potential, the dissolved charge, the filler retention, and the sizing degree was increased respectively by 18.8%, 17.5%, 10%, 19.6%, and 18.8% at the xylanase dosage of 0.3 AXU/g (o.d. pulp); the tensile index, the tearing index and the brightness was increased by 2.3 N·m2/g, 0.19 mN·m2/g, and 1.3%ISO, respectively.

Performance of Urban Rainwater Retention by Green Roof: A Case Study of Jinan

2012 ◽  
Vol 178-181 ◽  
pp. 295-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Ma ◽  
Bing Qin ◽  
Chang Qing Zuo
Keyword(s):  
Green Roof ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Retention Performance ◽  
Retention Efficiency ◽  
Drainage Systems ◽  
Urban Green ◽  
Runoff Volume ◽  
Artificial Rainfall

Green roof can significantly reduce runoff volume and delay the duration of rainwater compared to a conventional roof; however there is insufficient research in China regarding rainwater retention performance. In this research, a comparison of a green roof with a conventional roof on rainwater retention is quantified. Results suggest that the specified sedum green roof delays the start and end time of runoff for 3 –13 and 4 –8 minutes. Artificial rainfall runoff retention ranged from 52.86% to 71% for the green roof. On the retention efficiency, potential 3141.77 ×104m3rainwater could be retained by urban green roof in Jinan. The green roof is demonstrated an optional measure to reduce the quantity of rainwater entering already overburdened city drainage systems with great huge economic and environmental benefits.

Study on Preparation and Application as Organic Particulate Retention Agent of Chitosan-AM-DMDAAC Inverse Latex

2011 ◽  
Vol 233-235 ◽  
pp. 1722-1725
Author(s):  
Yong Sheng Ma ◽  
Xian Hui Sun
Keyword(s):  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Main Reaction ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Dimethyl Ammonium Chloride ◽  
Retention System ◽  
Cationic Monomer ◽  
First Pass ◽  
Dimethyl Ammonium ◽  
Good Retention ◽  
Diallyl Dimethyl Ammonium Chloride

Graft copolymerization of acrylamide (AM) and diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (DMDAAC) onto chitosan in inverse emulsion was studied. The effect on Zeta potential and average granularity of synthetic inverse latex of the main reaction conditions such as the proportion of cationic monomer in total monomers, concentration of potassium persulfate (KPS) used as initiating agent were investigated in detail. It was shown that when the weight ratio of chitosan, AM and DMDAAC was 1:6:2, KPS concentration was 4.0mmol/L, NaHSO3 concentration was 2.0mmol/L, stable inverse latex which had optimal performance could be gained. Good retention effect was obtained when a novel organic microparticle retention system composed of the above-mentioned chitosan-AM-DMDAAC inverse latex and anicnic polyacryamide (APAM) was applied to the deink pulp. First Pass Retention retention percentage of deink pulp was improved from 83.2% to 95.0% with the organic microparticle retention system when the dosage of inverse latex was from 0 to 0.4% of absolute dry pulp.

scholarly journals Diatomite Modified With Alkyl Ketene Dimer For Hydrophobicity of Cellulosic Paper

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zicheng Chen ◽  
Guangyuan Fan ◽  
Xiangyang He ◽  
Lei Xu ◽  
Xuefeng Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Paper Sheet ◽  
Retention Performance ◽  
Alkyl Ketene Dimer ◽  
Retention System ◽  
Hydrophobic Paper ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Cellulosic Paper ◽  
Sizing Agents ◽  
Application Fields

Abstract Multi-functionalization of papermaking chemicals is one of its main developing strategies. Fillers and internal sizing agents are often mutually restricted in practice. Therefore, it is feasible to prepare a new papermaking chemical by combining its functions. A process of diatomite modified with Alkyl ketene dimer (AKD) was developed in this study. The modified diatomite (AD) can concurrently play the role of mineral filler and sizing agent in the papermaking process. With the equal dosage of AKD, the AD had better sizing and retention performance than the commercial AKD emulsion in the case of cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM) and the CPAM/ bentonite retention system. The sizing mechanism of the AD can be interpreted as numerous hydrophobic sites and micro-surface structure of the paper sheet caused by the AD. Since the ester linkages were not detected in FT-IR spectra of the paper sheet filled by the AD, the chemical reaction may not be indispensable for its sizing performance. What’s more, an interesting “sticky” hydrophobicity phenomenon was observed when filling with AD. The approach in this study to prepare the “sticky” hydrophobic paper sheet can find its applications in some non-traditional application fields of cellulosic paper.

Filler retention with a CPAM/bentonite retention system – Effect of collision efficiency

2001 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 188-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byoung-Uk Cho ◽  
Gil Garnier ◽  
Jean Paradis ◽  
Ecole Polytechnique
Keyword(s):  
Collision Efficiency ◽  
System Effect ◽  
Retention System ◽  
Filler Retention

Composite filler by pre-flocculation of fiber fines and PCC and its effect on paper properties

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-260
Author(s):  
Hyun Kang ◽  
Jong Myoung Won ◽  
Byoung-Uk Cho
Keyword(s):  
Strength Properties ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Paper Strength ◽  
Precipitated Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Paper Properties ◽  
Loading Method ◽  
Retention Aids ◽  
Composite Filler ◽  
Filler Retention ◽  
Better Than

AbstractA composite filler was developed by pre-flocculation of fiber fines and precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) particles with flocculants such as cationic polyacrylamide (cPAM) and bentonite. The composite filler was compared with a conventional loading method in terms of physical properties of handsheet and filler retention. The handsheets using the composite filler showed higher strength properties than that using a conventional loading at a similar paper ash content level, implying that paper ash content can be increased maintaining same level of paper strength. Optical properties such as opacity and brightness of the paper with the composite were quite similar with the paper with the conventional loading. Filler retention of the composite filler was slightly higher than that of the conventional loading even though retention aids were not used for the composite filler. Paper formation of the composite filler was better than the case of the conventional loading. However, the sheet with the composite filler showed lower bulk than that with the conventional loading. Conclusively, the composite filler technology by pre-flocculation of fines and filler has a potential to be utilized to produce a high loaded paper.

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