Evaluation of Traffic Safety of Curved Section with Gray Theory Based on the Driving Track

2012 ◽  
Vol 588-589 ◽  
pp. 2117-2120
Author(s):  
Jian Feng Xi ◽  
Zhen Hai Gao ◽  
Bo Qi ◽  
Hai Zhu Liu
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Evaluation Index ◽  
Gray Theory ◽  
Traffic Conflict ◽  
Curved Section

Curved section is one of the sections where happened extraordinarily serious traffic accidents in China. Until now, one kind of the traffic safety evaluation method based on the accident indexes, the other based on the non-accident indexes, just as the traffic conflict technique. But there are difficulties in collecting data when the evaluation of traffic safety on specific road sections is applied. So, one safety evaluation method for the curved sections is putting forward, in which the deviation value between the driving track and safe trajectory is used as the evaluation index, and the gray evaluation method is applied. The case study shows that, the method in this paper could be a new way for traffic safety evaluation.

The Application of Traffic Conflict Technique as a Road Safety Evaluation Method: A Case Study of Hasselt Intersection

2016 ◽  
Vol 845 ◽  
pp. 394-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fardzanela Suwarto ◽  
Kami Hari Basuki
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
Road User ◽  
The Road ◽  
Traffic Conflict ◽  
Accident Data

The majority of traffic safety evaluations in the world generally have been conducted by colecting historical accident data. The data will then being analyzed using risk prediction models or before-after study that required an exact and reliable data. Meanwhile, the availability of accident data is rare where the rest actually consist of near-crashes and abnormal behaviour, which is mostly underreporting and lack of detail concerning the behavioural and situational of the event. Therefore, traffic conflict technique, is needed to assess traffic safety as another approach rather than waiting for several years until a number of accidents happen in a certain area. Hence the aim of this study is to make a safety evaluation towards a specific intersection in Hasselt Belgium using traffic conflict technique. The observation of conflict (near crashes) was carried out in intersection of Manteliusstraat – Dorpsstraat – Thonissenlaan in the Hasselt, Belgium. In order to differentiate slight conflict and serious conflict, the TA-value (Time of accident) was defined based on the estimated speed of the road user and estimated distance from the road user when conflict occurred. From the observation, it was found that the conflicts between car and pedestrian were the most frequent conflict, with 50% of the total conflict, and that the conflict between car with car and the conflict between car with cyclist were high in terms of severity level based on the TA-value. By taking these into consideration, it can be concluded that unsafe crossing for pedestrian and cyclist, different speed, and peak hour traffic were the causes of conflict. Therefore, it was concluded that traffic conflict technique can be used to assess and measure traffic safety in a certain road segment. Furthermore, in term of safety, the Manteliusstraat – Dorpsstraat – Thonissenlaan intersection should be modified with some alternatives; signalized intersection with toucan crossing and traffic control devices improvement

scholarly journals In Search of the Consequence Severity of Traffic Conflict

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Ruoxi Jiang ◽  
Shunying Zhu ◽  
Pan Wang ◽  
QiuCheng Chen ◽  
He Zou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Trajectory Data ◽  
Traffic Conflicts ◽  
Traffic Conflict ◽  
Accident Data

Currently, many studies on the severity of traffic conflicts only considered the possibility of potential collisions but ignored the consequences severity of potential collisions. Aiming toward this defect, this study establishes a potential collision (serious conflict) consequences severity model on the basis of vehicle collision theory. Regional vehicles trajectory data and historical traffic accident data were obtained. The field data were brought into the conflict consequences severity model to calculate the conflict severity rate of each section under different TTC thresholds. For comparison, the traditional conflict rate of each section under different TTC thresholds that considered only the number of conflicts was also calculated. Results showed that the relationship between conflict severity rate and influencing factors was somehow different. The conflict severity rate seemed to have a higher correlation with accident rate and accident severity rate than conflict rate did. The TTC threshold value also affected the correlation between conflicts and accidents, with high and low TTC threshold indicating a lower correlation. The results showed that conflict severity rate that considered each single conflict consequence severity was a little better than the traditional conflict rate that considered only the numbers of conflicts in reflecting real risks as a new conflict evaluation indicator. The severity of traffic conflicts should consider two dimensions: the possibility and consequence of potential collisions. Based on this, we propose a new traffic safety evaluation method that takes into account the severity of the consequences of the conflict. More data and prediction models are needed to conduct more realistic and complex research in the future to ensure reliability of this new method.

scholarly journals A Safety Evaluation Model of Intersections under Mixed Traffic Conditions Using Traffic Conflicts and Cloud Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Xuan Can Vuong ◽  
Rui-Fang Mou ◽  
Trong Thuat Vu ◽  
Van Hung Tran ◽  
Chi Trung Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Cloud Model ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
Actual State ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Safety Level ◽  
Traffic Conflict ◽  
Accident Data

Safety evaluation of traffic conflict is a very important and challenging issue in evaluating intersection safety under incomplete traffic accident data conditions and is also one of the main safety surrogate measures of analyzing accident data recently. It helps to analyze and solve intersection problems comprehensively and deeply. From there, it helps to improve traffic safety as well as reduce the risk of traffic accidents at intersections. Various evaluation methods based on traffic conflict have been proposed to make conflict safety levels at intersections more consistent and objective. However, a major concern is that many existing measurements are still subjective and are not easy to obtain uniformly. This study aimed to develop a model for safety evaluation at intersections in a comprehensive way that may be expected to directly link to the severity of the accident from different evaluation indicators. First, the three factors, including time to collision (TTC), conflicting speed (CS), and deceleration rate (DR) to avoid a crash, are introduced into safety evaluation of conflicts as the indicators. And then, as regards the fuzziness and randomness of the evaluation indicators, the qualitative concept has to be converted into a quantitative one utilizing cloud model, which implements the natural transformation between the qualitative concept of the safety level of traffic conflict and the membership degree of the evaluation indicators corresponding to the different safety levels. Finally, an indicator weight model is built based on the information entropy and the AHP method to determine the safety level. We illustrate the practical implementation of the proposed method using actual data of a typical signalized intersection from Hanoi City of Vietnam. The results indicate that traffic conflict analyzed by the proposed method was appropriate with actual state of the intersection, and the proposed method is simple, effective, and feasible, so it has a certain application value.

scholarly journals Safety Evaluation of Timber Structures through Probabilistic Analysis

2010 ◽  
Vol 133-134 ◽  
pp. 337-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hélder S. Sousa ◽  
Paulo B. Lourenço ◽  
Luís C. Neves
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
Timber Structures ◽  
Reliability Indices ◽  
Monte Carlo Simulation Technique ◽  
Target Reliability Index ◽  
Safety Parameters ◽  
Modelling Techniques ◽  
High Level

This work presents a procedure for the use of probabilistic modelling techniques in the assessment of safety parameters of existing timber structures, when influenced by two types of actions. The parameters of the models have been defined as probabilistic variables, and Monte Carlo simulation technique was taken into account for safety evaluation. The case study here examined concerns four king post trusses on which a safety evaluation method was conducted to determine a target reliability index. Since the structures presented a high level of deterioration, a model considering the variation of the residual cross-section and the influence of environment in resistance was taken into account. Time dependent deterioration models have also been considered. With the results given by the different used models, it was possible to obtain probabilities of failure and respective reliability indices, as well as time evolution deterioration curves for a deteriorated historical structure.

Metro Operation Safety Evaluation

2014 ◽  
Vol 505-506 ◽  
pp. 467-470
Author(s):  
Li Yun Wei ◽  
Yong Bo Lv ◽  
Yuan Ren
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Safety Assessment ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Weak Link ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation Method ◽  
Urban Rail

In order to evaluate urban rail traffic safety performance comprehensively and to find the weak link to strengthen management, this article, it used the secondary fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method for safety assessment. the qualitative analysis was done to emphasis the structure importance and management strategies are put forward based on the results.

Evaluation of Highway Traffic Safety Facilities Based on Set Pair Analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 730 ◽  
pp. 73-76
Author(s):  
Yao Wu ◽  
Jian Lu ◽  
Wan Qiu Zhu ◽  
Hong Tong Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Set Pair Analysis ◽  
Highway Traffic ◽  
Freeway Traffic ◽  
Connection Degree ◽  
Pair Analysis

In order to make a reasonable evaluation of highway traffic safety facilities, a comprehensive evaluation method based on set pair analysis was proposed. An evaluation system of freeway traffic safety facilities was established. Combined with relevant norms and standards, each indicator in the evaluation system was divided and a reasonable threshold has been set. Through the calculation of the connection degree of ‘identicalness, differentness and reverse’, the maximum connection degree criterion was used to judge the evaluation results of freeway traffic safety facilities. Finally a case study was conducted to verify the proposed evaluation method. The case study shows that the selected highway traffic safety facilities are at a good level and this method can provide scientific decision basis for highway traffic facility renovation.

scholarly journals Analysis of Children’s Traffic Behaviour at Signalized Crosswalks as a Precondition for Safe Children Routes Design: A Case Study from Croatia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Irena Ištoka Otković ◽  
Aleksandra Deluka-Tibljaš ◽  
Sanja Šurdonja
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Children And Adolescent ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Design Speed ◽  
Pedestrian Infrastructure ◽  
The Impact

Children pedestrians represent road users with some specifics because of which it is important to study and take into account their traffic behaviour when traffic infrastructure is designed. Design should ensure and enhance their traffic safety because for decades, traffic accidents have been among the first few causes of children and adolescent mortality. Pedestrian speed is one of the important inputs when pedestrian infrastructure, especially crosswalks, is designed. On corridors where children are expected on a daily basis as independent pedestrians, the infrastructure should be adjusted to their characteristics and needs. The results of a study conducted in two Croatian cities of a similar size but of different urban and traffic conditions are presented in this paper. This study aimed at establishing and analysing children’s pedestrian speed while crossing the signalized crosswalk in the buffer area of elementary schools, mostly on primary roads in the school vicinity. Children aged 5–15 were observed, and accordingly V15, V50, and V85 speeds were established on the basis of altogether 600 measurements. Speed was established for children walking individually, in a group and supervised by adults, and of a different age, and based on their gender, the impact of infrastructural elements on their speed in traffic was also analysed. Significant differences were found between children’s speed measured in similar conditions in analysed cities and between some of the analysed groups. This fact proves that when improving conditions for children’s independent movement, it is important to consider their specifics in order to ensure safe design adjusted to children’s needs and limitations. As design speed in this paper, 15 percentile speed (V15) is considered. Suggestions on how to establish children pedestrian speed for design of routes regularly used by school children are proposed as well as some inputs elicited from the study done in Croatia are presented.

scholarly journals Safety evaluation of left-turn priority phasing at Toronto intersections

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anwarul Haq Dogar
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Signalized Intersections ◽  
Side Impact ◽  
Empirical Bayesian ◽  
Left Turn ◽  
Safety Performance Functions ◽  
The City

Traffic accidents cause a huge loss to the society. According to statistics, 50% of all accidents occur at urban intersections and 47% of these are due to left-turn collisions. Countermeasure Implementation at these locations therefore can play a vital role in the improvement of traffic safety. This study illustrates a methodology for evaluation of urban 4-legged signalized intersections treated with left-turn priority phasing. The methodology is applied to three important collisions types: those due to left-turn collisions; those due to left-turn side impact collisions; and all impact types combined collisions. Data used in this analysis were obtained from the City of Toronto. Safety Performance Functions for left-turn and all impact types combined collisions which were developed by the City of Toronto, were calibrated and used in an empirical Bayesian methodology that was employed to estimate the expected frequency of accidents occurring at each intersection in order to evaluate the effectiveness of left-turn priority phasing in reducing this frequency. The results revealed that left-turn priority phasing can be an effective treatment for addressing and reducing the number of collision at signalized intersections. Flashing advance green phasing is more effective in improving safety for two of three types; all left-turn and all impact types combined collisions. Left-turn green arrow (protected/permissive) phasing is more effective for left-turn side impact collisions. By implementing this type of treatment, the number of crashes and the associated monetary loss to society could be significantly reduced.

scholarly journals Safety evaluation of left-turn priority phasing at Toronto intersections

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anwarul Haq Dogar
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Signalized Intersections ◽  
Side Impact ◽  
Empirical Bayesian ◽  
Left Turn ◽  
Safety Performance Functions ◽  
The City

Traffic accidents cause a huge loss to the society. According to statistics, 50% of all accidents occur at urban intersections and 47% of these are due to left-turn collisions. Countermeasure Implementation at these locations therefore can play a vital role in the improvement of traffic safety. This study illustrates a methodology for evaluation of urban 4-legged signalized intersections treated with left-turn priority phasing. The methodology is applied to three important collisions types: those due to left-turn collisions; those due to left-turn side impact collisions; and all impact types combined collisions. Data used in this analysis were obtained from the City of Toronto. Safety Performance Functions for left-turn and all impact types combined collisions which were developed by the City of Toronto, were calibrated and used in an empirical Bayesian methodology that was employed to estimate the expected frequency of accidents occurring at each intersection in order to evaluate the effectiveness of left-turn priority phasing in reducing this frequency. The results revealed that left-turn priority phasing can be an effective treatment for addressing and reducing the number of collision at signalized intersections. Flashing advance green phasing is more effective in improving safety for two of three types; all left-turn and all impact types combined collisions. Left-turn green arrow (protected/permissive) phasing is more effective for left-turn side impact collisions. By implementing this type of treatment, the number of crashes and the associated monetary loss to society could be significantly reduced.

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