Zinc Hydroxystannate-Coated Mineral Grade Mg(OH)2 as Flame-Retardant and Smoke Suppression for Flexible PVC

2013 ◽  
Vol 652-654 ◽  
pp. 481-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun Zheng Wang ◽  
Wei Hong Wu ◽  
Xia Ye ◽  
Lei Liu
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Smoke Suppression ◽  
Crosslinking Reaction ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index ◽  
Smoke Suppressant ◽  
Poly Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Zinc Hydroxystannate ◽  
The Stability

A zinc hydroxystannate-coated mineral grade Mg(OH)2 (ZHSCMH) was synthesized as flame retardant and smoke suppressant for flexible poly (vinyl chloride). The powder of ZHSCMH was characterized by the x-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The flame retardancy, smoke suppression and thermal behavior of PVC treated with ZHSCMH and mineral grade Mg(OH)2 were comparative studied by means of limiting oxygen index (LOI), smoke density rating (SDR), thermogravimetry (TG), differential thermogravimetry (DTG) and SEM. The results show that, ZHSCMH can be used as a high effective flame retardant and smoke suppressant for PVC. The flame retardant of ZHSCMH can effectively promote the crosslinking reaction of poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) in the first stage, and improve the stability of the char residue in the second stage.

Smoke Suppressant and Flame Retardant Properties of PVC/Zinc Hydroxystannate Composites

2012 ◽  
Vol 512-515 ◽  
pp. 2804-2807 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Yang ◽  
Yong Yi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Cone Calorimeter ◽  
Oxygen Index ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index ◽  
Smoke Suppressant ◽  
Poly Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Smoke Density ◽  
Hazardous Gases ◽  
Zinc Hydroxystannate ◽  
Flame Retardant Properties

The effects of zinc hydroxystannte on the flame-retardant and smoke-suppressant properties of poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) as well as their mechanism for flame retardancy and smoke suppression were studied through the limiting oxygen index (LOI) test, UL94 test, smoke density test, cone calorimeter, and ESEM. The results show that incorporation of a small amount of ZHS can greatly increase the LOI of PVC and reduce the smoke density of PVC during combustion. The cone data and ESEM analyses results show that incorporation of a small amount of ZHS greatly promotes the char formation of PVC and decreases the amount of hazardous gases released in PVC during combustion.

scholarly journals Flame Retardancy and Thermal Behavior of an Unsaturated Polyester Modified with Kaolinite–Urea Intercalation Complexes

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (20) ◽  
pp. 4731
Author(s):  
Lina Yue ◽  
Junfei Li ◽  
Xuan Zhou ◽  
Yingjuan Sun ◽  
Ming Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Unsaturated Polyester ◽  
Smoke Suppression ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Intercalation Complex ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index ◽  
Intercalation Complexes ◽  
Synergistic Agent ◽  
Micro Morphology

Organic modified kaolinite-urea intercalation complex (KUIC) was prepared using dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as the precursor of kaolinite intercalation. Its structure was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Subsequently, as a synergistic agent, KUIC was combined with flame retardant ammonium polyphosphate (APP) to improve the flame retardant and smoke suppression performance of unsaturated polyester (UP) resin. A cone calorimeter (CONE) was used to study its flame retardancy and smoke suppression, and a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and thermogravimetry (TG) were used to study the micro morphology of the char and flame retardant mechanism. The results show that 12 phr of APP and 3 phr of KUIC were doped into UP to obtain a 28.0% limiting oxygen index (LOI) value. Compared with UP, the heat release rate and smoke production of UP/APP/KUIC composites were greatly decreased. Meanwhile, KUIC indeed enhanced the mechanical properties of UP.

A Series of Metal Molybdates as Flame-Retardants and Smoke Suppressants for Flexible PVC

2013 ◽  
Vol 634-638 ◽  
pp. 1881-1885
Author(s):  
Lei Liu ◽  
Wei Hong Wu ◽  
Huan Huan Xue ◽  
Hong Qiang Qu
Keyword(s):  
Lewis Acid ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Smoke Suppression ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Strong Lewis Acid ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Differential Thermogravimetry

A series of metal molybdates were synthesized as flame-retardants and smoke suppressants for flexible poly (vinyl chloride). The powder of molybdates was characterized by the x-ray diffraction. The flame retardancy, smoke suppression and thermal behavior of PVC treated with a series of molybdates were studied by means of limiting oxygen index (LOI), smoke density rating (SDR), thermogravimetry (TG), differential thermogravimetry (DTG), differential thermal analysis (DTA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results shown that, the flame retardancy and smoke suppression performance of PVC samples depend on the strength of the Lewis acid which generated in the first degradation stage and the stability of residue char in the second stage. While the strong Lewis acid can also function as cracking catalysts in the second stage, and cracking of the principally hydrocarbon char can promote the generation of volatile organic compounds, which act as efficient fuels. This situation results in less smoke, but increased flame.

Preparation of zinc hydroxystannate nanocomposites coated by organophosphorus and investigation of their effect on mechanical properties and flame retardancy of poly(vinyl chloride)

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (120) ◽  
pp. 99291-99298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting-Ting Gao ◽  
Zhi-Wei Li ◽  
Lai-Gui Yu ◽  
Zhi-Jun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Poly Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Zinc Hydroxystannate

A novel organic–inorganic nanohybrid flame retardant was prepared. The organic flame retardant could not only surface modify to the inorganic flame retardant but also improve flame retardancy of inorganic flame retardant with the synergistic effect.

Preparation of spherical cobalt hydroxystannate and its flame retardant and smoke suppressant effect in poly(vinyl chloride)

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 462-482
Author(s):  
Fuya Liu ◽  
Zewei Wen ◽  
Ning Zhang ◽  
He Zhao ◽  
Weidong Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analyzer ◽  
Poly Vinyl Chloride

Spherical cobalt hydroxystannate was prepared and characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analyzer–Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Results showed that cobalt hydroxystannate spheres have an average particle size of 440 nm and disperse uniformly. The flame-retardant flexible poly(vinyl chloride) treated with cobalt hydroxystannate was studied by the limiting oxygen index, universal tensile testing machine, thermogravimetric analyzer–Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and laser Raman spectra methods. Compared with the pure poly(vinyl chloride), the limiting oxygen index value of the poly(vinyl chloride) sample (PVC/10) treated with 10 phr of cobalt hydroxystannate is increased by 4% points, and its total heat release and total smoke production decreased by 18% and 50%, respectively. The result could be attributed to the water produced by the dehydration of cobalt hydroxystannate, and the interaction of cobalt hydroxystannate and the poly(vinyl chloride) matrix, which produces dense and highly graphitized char residue containing hexagonal phase graphite, CoCl2, Co2O3, and Co3O4.

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