Analysis on the Mixing Process in a Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine under Different Conditions of Spray Position

In order to investigate the influence of spray position on fuel air mixing quality, three-dimensional numerical simulation of the working process of a heavy-duty diesel was conducted. To quantitatively study the mechanism of the effect of spray position on fuel air mixing process, the deviation of spray centroid was introduced to describe the spray position change in combustion chamber. The results show that the gas intake swirl can affect the spatial distribution of spray in combustion chamber under three directions in cylindrical coordinate, in which the circumferential distribution is affected most. It then can be concluded that the spray can be limited to the vicinity of the combustion chamber axis. Better spray position, which is more helpful for the process of fuel air mixing and combustion, can be achieved by using optimal swirl, so that the power performance will be improved.

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Multi-Dimensional Simulation on the Matching of Combustion Chamber and Injection Pressure for a Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.516-517.623 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 516-517 ◽

pp. 623-627

Author(s):

Ye Yuan ◽

Guo Xiu Li ◽

Yu Song Yu ◽

Peng Zhao ◽

Hong Meng Li

Keyword(s):

Diesel Engine ◽

Combustion Chamber ◽

Injection Pressure ◽

Power Stroke ◽

Heavy Duty ◽

Power Performance ◽

Heavy Duty Diesel Engine ◽

Heavy Duty Diesel ◽

Dimensional Simulation ◽

Dilute Mixture

Multi-dimensional simulation was applied for the investigation of the combustion system of a heavy-duty diesel engine. Firstly, the matching of combustion chamber and injection pressure has been determined by simulation. Then through intermediate characteristic parameters which could quantitatively describe the properties of the mixing and combustion, the influence of the matching of chamber caliber ratios and injection pressure on each sub-process in compression and power stroke was analyzed comprehensively. The results showed that, for the model studied in this article, increasing the combustion chamber caliber ratio and injection pressure could help expanding the distribution range of the mixture in cylinder, making the mixture more uniform, increasing the proportion of the dilute mixture, thus effectively improved the power performance.

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A STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS AND TOPOLOGY OPTIMIZATION ON CYLINDER BLOCK OF HEAVY DUTY DIESEL ENGIN

International Journal of Modern Physics B ◽

10.1142/s0217979210065453 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 24 (15n16) ◽

pp. 2676-2681 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

HYUN-SEUNG LEE ◽

YOUNG-SHIN LEE ◽

JAE-HOON KIM ◽

JOON-TAK JUN ◽

JAE-OK LEE ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diesel Engine ◽

Structural Analysis ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Element Model ◽

Cylinder Block ◽

Fe Model ◽

Heavy Duty ◽

Compacted Graphite ◽

Heavy Duty Diesel Engine ◽

Heavy Duty Diesel

The heavy duty diesel engine must have a large output for maintaining excellent mobility. In this study, a three-dimensional finite element model of a heavy-duty diesel engine was developed to conduct the stress analysis by using property of CGI. The compacted graphite iron (CGI) is a material currently under study for the engine demanded for high torque, durability, stiffness, and fatigue. The FE model of the heavy duty diesel engine section consisting of four half cylinders was selected. The heavy duty diesel engine section includes a cylinder block, a cylinder head, a gasket, a liner, a bearing cap, bearing and bolts. The loading conditions of engine are pre-fit load, assembly load, and gas load. A structural analysis on the result was performed in order to optimize on the cylinder block of the diesel engine.

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Design of an optimum combustion chamber across multiple speed/load points for a heavy-duty diesel engine: analytical design and experimental validation

International Journal of Engine Research ◽

10.1177/2041314910394425 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 123-144 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

C A Idicheria ◽

R Diwakar

Keyword(s):

Diesel Engine ◽

Combustion Chamber ◽

Experimental Validation ◽

Heavy Duty ◽

Analytical Design ◽

Heavy Duty Diesel Engine ◽

Heavy Duty Diesel

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Piston Bowl Geometry Effects on Gasoline Compression Ignition in a Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine

ASME 2020 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference ◽

10.1115/icef2020-2990 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Meng Tang ◽

Yuanjiang Pei ◽

Hengjie Guo ◽

Yu Zhang ◽

Roberto Torelli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diesel Engine ◽

Design Optimization ◽

Software Package ◽

Compression Ignition ◽

Heavy Duty ◽

Light Load ◽

Heavy Duty Diesel Engine ◽

Air Mixing ◽

Heavy Duty Diesel ◽

Load Conditions

Abstract A design optimization campaign was conducted to search for improved combustion profiles that enhance gasoline compression ignition in a heavy-duty diesel engine with a geometric compression ratio of 17.3. Three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics simulations were employed using the software package CONVERGE. A large-scale design of experiments (DoE) approach was used for the optimization. The main parameters explored include geometric features, injector specifications, and swirl motion. Both stepped-lip bowls and re-entrant bowls were included in the optimization effort in order to assess their respective performance implications. A total of 256 design candidates were prepared using the software package CAESES for automated and simultaneous geometry generation and combustion recipe perturbation. The design optimization was conducted for three engine load points representing light to medium load conditions. The design candidates were evaluated for fuel efficiency, emissions, fuel-air mixing characteristics, and global combustion behavior. Simulation results show that the optimum designs were all stepped-lip bowls, which exhibited better overall performance than re-entrant bowls due to improvements in fuel-air mixing, as well as reduced heat loss and emissions formation. Improvements in indicated specific fuel consumption of up to 3.2% were achieved while meeting engine-out NOx emission targets of 1–1.5 g/kW·hr. Re-entrant bowls performed worse compared to the baseline design, and significant performance variations occurred across the load points. Specifically, the re-entrant bowls were on par with the stepped-lip bowls under light load conditions, but significant deteriorations occurred under higher load conditions. As a final task, selected optimized designs were then evaluated under simulated full-load conditions.

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Stress Analysis of the Heavy Duty Diesel Engine with Compacted Graphite Iron

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.345-346.897 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 345-346 ◽

pp. 897-900 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Young Shin Lee ◽

Jae Ok Lee ◽

Young Jin Choi ◽

Se Hoon Lee ◽

Hyun Seung Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diesel Engine ◽

Stress Analysis ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Element Model ◽

Fe Model ◽

Compacted Graphite Iron ◽

Heavy Duty ◽

Compacted Graphite ◽

Heavy Duty Diesel Engine ◽

Heavy Duty Diesel

The combat car used the heavy duty diesel engine must have a large output for maintaining excellent mobility. The compacted graphite iron (CGI) is a material currently under study for the heavy duty diesel engine demanded for high torque, durability, stiffness, fatigue. In this study, three dimensional finite element model of a heavy-duty diesel engine was developed to conduct the stress analysis by using property of CGI. The use of CGI property on the FE model was expected to result in improved distribution of distortions and stresses. The loading conditions of engine are assembly load and operational gas load.

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An Improved Phenomenological Soot Formation Submodel for Three-Dimensional Diesel Engine Simulations: Extension to Agglomeration of Particles into Clusters

Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power ◽

10.1115/1.2939003 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 130 (6) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Joan Boulanger ◽

W. Stuart Neill ◽

Fengshan Liu ◽

Gregory J. Smallwood

Keyword(s):

Experimental Data ◽

Diesel Engine ◽

Oxidation Process ◽

Soot Formation ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Soot Oxidation ◽

Heavy Duty ◽

Heavy Duty Diesel Engine ◽

Agglomeration Effects ◽

Heavy Duty Diesel

An extension to a phenomenological submodel for soot formation to include soot agglomeration effects is developed. The improved submodel was incorporated into a commercial computational fluid dynamics code and was used to investigate soot formation in a heavy-duty diesel engine. The results of the numerical simulation show that the soot oxidation process is reduced close to the combustion chamber walls, due to heat loss, such that larger soot particles and clusters are predicted in an annular volume at the end of the combustion cycle. These results are consistent with available in-cylinder experimental data and suggest that the cylinder of a diesel engine must be split into several volumes, each of them with a different role regarding soot formation.

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A Computational Investigation of Fuel Chemical and Physical Properties Effects on Gasoline Compression Ignition in a Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine

Volume 1: Large Bore Engines; Fuels; Advanced Combustion ◽

10.1115/icef2017-3664 ◽

2017 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yu Zhang ◽

Alexander Voice ◽

Yuanjiang Pei ◽

Michael Traver ◽

David Cleary

Keyword(s):

Diesel Engine ◽

Physical Properties ◽

Ignition Delay ◽

Fuel Efficiency ◽

Air Entrainment ◽

Compression Ignition ◽

Heavy Duty ◽

Heavy Duty Diesel Engine ◽

Air Mixing ◽

Heavy Duty Diesel

Gasoline compression ignition (GCI) offers the potential to reduce criteria pollutants while achieving high fuel efficiency in heavy-duty diesel engines. This study aims to investigate the fuel chemical and physical properties effects on GCI operation in a heavy-duty diesel engine through closed-cycle, 3-D computational fluid dynamics (CFD) combustion simulations, investigating both mixing-controlled combustion (MCC) at 18.9 compression ratio (CR) and partially premixed combustion (PPC) at 17.3 CR. For this work, fuel chemical properties were studied in terms of the primary reference fuel (PRF) number (0–91) and the octane sensitivity (0–6) while using a fixed fuel physical surrogate. For the fuel physical properties effects investigation, PRF70 was used as the gas-phase chemical surrogate. Six physical properties were individually perturbed, varying from the gasoline to the diesel range. Combustion simulations were carried out at 1375 RPM and 10 bar brake mean effective pressure (BMEP). Reducing fuel reactivity (or increasing PRF number) was found to influence ignition delay time (IDT) more significantly for PPC than for MCC due to the lower charge temperature and higher EGR rate involved in the PPC mode. 0-D IDT calculations suggested that the fuel reactivity impact on IDT diminished with an increase in temperature. Moreover, higher reactivity gasolines exhibited stronger negative coefficient (NTC) behavior and their IDTs showed less sensitivity to temperature change. When exploring the octane sensitivity effect, ignition was found to occur in temperature conditions more relevant to the MON test. Therefore, increasing octane sensitivity (reducing MON) led to higher reactivity and shorter ignition delay. Under both MCC (TIVC: 385K) and PPC (TIVC: 353K), all six physical properties showed little meaningful impact on global combustion behavior, NOx and fuel efficiency. Among the physical properties investigated, only density showed a notable effect on soot emissions. Increasing density resulted in higher soot due to deteriorated air entrainment into the spray and the slower fuel-air mixing process. When further reducing the IVC temperature from 353K to 303K under PPC, the spray vaporization and fuel-air mixing were markedly slowed. Consequently, increasing the liquid fuel density created a more pronounced presence of fuel-rich and higher reactivity regions, thereby leading to an earlier onset of hot ignition and higher soot.

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PISTON BOWL GEOMETRY EFFECTS ON GASOLINE COMPRESSION IGNITION IN A HEAVY-DUTY DIESEL ENGINE

Journal of Energy Resources Technology ◽

10.1115/1.4050419 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-25

Author(s):

Meng Tang ◽

Yuanjiang Pei ◽

Hengjie Guo ◽

Yu Zhang ◽

Roberto Torelli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diesel Engine ◽

Design Optimization ◽

Compression Ignition ◽

Heavy Duty ◽

Baseline Design ◽

Light Load ◽

Heavy Duty Diesel Engine ◽

Air Mixing ◽

Heavy Duty Diesel ◽

Load Conditions

Abstract A design optimization campaign was conducted to search for improved combustion profiles that enhance gasoline compression ignition in a heavy-duty diesel engine with a geometric compression ratio of 17.3. A large-scale design of experiments approach was used for the optimization, employing three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics simulations. The main parameters explored include geometric features, injector specifications, and swirl motion. Both stepped-lip and re-entrant bowls were included in order to assess their respective performance implications. A total of 256 design candidates were prepared using the software package CAESES for automated and simultaneous geometry generation and combustion recipe perturbation. The design optimization was conducted for three engine loads representing light to medium load conditions. The design candidates were evaluated for fuel efficiency, emissions, fuel-air mixing, and global combustion behavior. Simulation results showed that the optimum designs were all stepped-lip bowls, due to improvements in fuel-air mixing, as well as reduced heat loss and emissions formation. Improvements in indicated specific fuel consumption of up to 3.2% were achieved while meeting engine-out NOx emission targets of 1-1.5 g/kW·hr. Re-entrant bowls performed worse compared to the baseline design, and significant performance variations occurred across the load points. Specifically, the re-entrant bowls were on par with the stepped-lip bowls under light load conditions, but significant deteriorations occurred under higher load conditions. As a final task, selected optimized designs were then evaluated under full-load conditions.

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