Cell Traction Force Mapping in MG63 and HaCaTs

2013 ◽  
Vol 832 ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
Chin Fhong Soon ◽  
Mohamad A. Genedy ◽  
Mansour Youseffi ◽  
Morgan C.T. Denyer
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
Force Measurement ◽  
Traction Force ◽  
Force Sensor ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Traction Forces ◽  
Cell Traction ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Cell Force Measurement ◽  
Cell Force

The ability of a cell to adhere and transmit traction forces to a surface reveals the cytoskeleton integrity of a cell. Shear sensitive liquid crystals were discovered with new function in sensing cell traction force recently. This liquid crystal has been previously shown to be non-toxic, linear viscoelastic and sensitive to localized exerted forces. This paper reports the possibility of extending the application of the proposed liquid crystal based cell force sensor in sensing traction forces of osteoblast-like (MG-63) and human keratinocyte (HaCaT) cell lines exerted to the liquid crystal sensor. Incorporated with cell force measurement software, force distributions of both cell types were represented in force maps. For these lowly contractile cells, chondrocytes expressed regular forces (10 – 90 nN, N = 200) around the circular cell body whereas HaCaT projected forces (0 – 200 nN, N = 200) around the perimeter of poly-hedral shaped body. These forces are associated with the organisation of the focal adhesion expressions and stiffness of the LC substrate. From the results, liquid crystal based cell force sensor system is shown to be feasible in detecting forces of both MG63 and HaCaT.

scholarly journals Dissipation of contractile forces: the missing piece in cell mechanics

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (14) ◽  
pp. 1825-1832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laetitia Kurzawa ◽  
Benoit Vianay ◽  
Fabrice Senger ◽  
Timothée Vignaud ◽  
Laurent Blanchoin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Mechanics ◽  
Force Production ◽  
Traction Force ◽  
Structural Rearrangements ◽  
Force Transmission ◽  
Traction Forces ◽  
Cell Traction Forces ◽  
Cell Traction ◽  
Contractile Forces ◽  
Fiber Contraction

Mechanical forces are key regulators of cell and tissue physiology. The basic molecular mechanism of fiber contraction by the sliding of actin filament upon myosin leading to conformational change has been known for decades. The regulation of force generation at the level of the cell, however, is still far from elucidated. Indeed, the magnitude of cell traction forces on the underlying extracellular matrix in culture is almost impossible to predict or experimentally control. The considerable variability in measurements of cell-traction forces indicates that they may not be the optimal readout to properly characterize cell contractile state and that a significant part of the contractile energy is not transferred to cell anchorage but instead is involved in actin network dynamics. Here we discuss the experimental, numerical, and biological parameters that may be responsible for the variability in traction force production. We argue that limiting these sources of variability and investigating the dissipation of mechanical work that occurs with structural rearrangements and the disengagement of force transmission is key for further understanding of cell mechanics.

Development of micropost force sensor array with culture experiments for determination of cell traction forces

2007 ◽  
Vol 64 (7) ◽  
pp. 509-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Li ◽  
Luke Xie ◽  
Zane C. Starr ◽  
Zhaochun Yang ◽  
Jeen-Shang Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensor Array ◽  
Force Sensor ◽  
Traction Forces ◽  
Cell Traction Forces ◽  
Cell Traction

scholarly journals Single cell micro-pillar-based characterization of endothelial and fibroblast cell mechanics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Eckert ◽  
Yasmine Abouleila ◽  
Thomas Schmidt ◽  
Alireza Mashaghi
Keyword(s):  
Single Cell ◽  
Force Measurement ◽  
Traction Force ◽  
Fibroblast Cell ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Fibroblast Cells ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Sense And Respond ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Mechanotransduction, the ability of cells to sense and respond to the mechanical cues from their microenvironment, plays an important role in numerous cellular processes, ranging from cell migration to differentiation. Several techniques have been developed to investigate the underlying mechanisms of mechanotransduction, in particular, force measurement-based techniques. However, we still lack basic single cell quantitative comparison on the mechanical properties of commonly used cell types, such as endothelial and fibroblast cells. Such information is critical to provide a precedent for studying complex tissues and organs that consist of various cell types. In this short communication, we report on the mechanical characterization of the commonly used endothelial and fibroblast cells at the single cell level. Using a micropillar-based assay, we measured the traction force profiles of these cells. Our study showcases differences between the two cell types in their traction force distribution and morphology. The results reported can be used as a reference and to lay the groundwork for future analysis of numerous disease models involving these cells.

scholarly journals Micropost Force Sensor Array (MFSA) for Measuring Cell Traction Forces

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 195-196
Author(s):  
B. Li ◽  
L. Xie ◽  
Z. C. Starr ◽  
Z. Yang ◽  
J. H-C. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Sensor Array ◽  
Force Sensor ◽  
Traction Forces ◽  
Measuring Cell ◽  
Cell Traction Forces ◽  
Cell Traction

Developing a multi-functional sensor for cell traction force, matrix remodeling and biomechanical assays in self-assembled 3D tissues in vitro

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bashar Emon ◽  
M Saddam H Joy ◽  
M Taher A Saif
Keyword(s):  
Traction Force ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Matrix Remodeling ◽  
Tissue Stiffness ◽  
Cell Traction ◽  
Primary Fibroblasts ◽  
Multiple Cell ◽  
Cell Matrix Interactions ◽  
Cell Force

Abstract Cell-matrix interactions, mediated by cellular force and matrix remodeling, result in a dynamic reciprocity that drives numerous biological processes and disease progression. Currently, there is no available method for direct quantification cell traction force and matrix remodeling in 3D matrices as a function of time. To address this long-standing need, we recently developed a high-resolution microfabricated sensor1 that measures cell force, tissue-stiffness and can apply mechanical stimulation to the tissue. Here the tissue self-assembles and self-integrates with the sensor. With primary fibroblasts, cancer cells and neurons, we demonstrated the feasibility of the sensor by measuring single/multiple cell force with a resolution of 1 nN, and tissue stiffness1 due to matrix remodeling by the cells. The sensor can be translated into a high-throughput system for clinical assays such as patient-specific drug and phenotypic screening. In this paper, we present the detailed protocol for manufacturing the sensors, preparing experimental setup, developing assays with different tissues, and for imaging and analyzing the data.

scholarly journals Plasmonic micropillars for precision cell force measurement across a large field-of-view

2018 ◽  
Vol 112 (3) ◽  
pp. 033701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan Xiao ◽  
Ximiao Wen ◽  
Xing Haw Marvin Tan ◽  
Pei-Yu Chiou
Keyword(s):  
Force Measurement ◽  
Field Of View ◽  
Large Field ◽  
Cell Force Measurement ◽  
Cell Force

scholarly journals A 3D Cell Traction Force Measurement Technique Based on Collagen Fiber Tracking

2009 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 522a-523a
Author(s):  
David A. Vader ◽  
Thomas S. Deisboeck ◽  
David A. Weitz
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Technique ◽  
Collagen Fiber ◽  
Force Measurement ◽  
Traction Force ◽  
Fiber Tracking ◽  
Cell Traction

scholarly journals The biochemical composition of the actomyosin network sets the magnitude of cellular traction forces

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (18) ◽  
pp. 1737-1748
Author(s):  
Somanna Kollimada ◽  
Fabrice Senger ◽  
Timothée Vignaud ◽  
Manuel Théry ◽  
Laurent Blanchoin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Focal Adhesion ◽  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Force Production ◽  
Traction Force ◽  
Traction Force Microscopy ◽  
Traction Forces ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Cell Force

The endogenous content of proteins associated with force production and the resultant traction forces were quantified in the same cells using a new traction force-microscopy assay. Focal adhesion size correlated with force in stationary cells. Relative numbers of motors and cross-linkers per actin required an optimum to maximize cell force production.

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