Plant Morphogenesis under Different Light Intensity

2018 ◽  
Vol 386 ◽  
pp. 201-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuriy Nikolaevich Kulchin ◽  
Olga Valerievna Nakonechnaya ◽  
Irina Victorovna Gafitskaya ◽  
Olga Vadimovna Grishchenko ◽  
Tatyana Yuryevna Epifanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana ◽  
Illumination Intensity ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Cultivation Time ◽  
Optimal Values ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Fluorescent Lighting

The innovative LED light source (Sun Box) with irradiation spectrum close to the sun spectrum in the wavelength range 440-660 nm was used in experiment for study the influence of light intensity (75, 135, 230 and 382 μmol/s*m2) on the growth and development of plants. Standard fluorescent lighting was used as a control. The experiments were carried out on plantlets ofStevia rebaudianaandSolanum tuberosum, cvs. Snegir, Rozhdestvenskiy and Kamchatskii)in vitro. The illumination intensity of 75 and 230 μmol/s*m2promoted development ofS. rebaudianaplantlets with optimal values of morphometric parameters and well developed roots, which is important for plantlet adaptation to soil conditions. ForS. tuberosumplantlets (Snegir and Rozhdestvenskiy cultivars), radiation intensity of 135 μmol/s*m2was optimal for micropropagation. The illumination intensity of 230 μmol/s*m2led to a formation of plantlets with the largest total fresh mass among experimental groups. Sun Box light with intensity of 75 μmol/s*m2could be applicated for micropropagation of these cultivars: plantlets were the highest with the largest internodes number. Thus, the plant response to different light intensity was species-spesific, and – in case of potato plantlets – cultivar-spesific. The use of artificial light sources with distinct PPFD level could be preferable forS. tuberosumandS. rebaudianaplantlet micropropagationin vitro, as it could shorten the cultivation time, accelerate cultivation time, and reduce the cost of electricity.

scholarly journals Peningkatan laju multiplikasi tunas dan keragaan planlet Stevia rebaudiana pada kultur in vitro Increasing shoot multiplication rate and plantlet vigor of Stevia rebaudiana in vitro culture

2016 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
. SUMARYONO ◽  
Masna Maya SINTA
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Multiplication Rate ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni ◽  
Plant Grown ◽  
Planting Materials

AbstractStevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) is a natural zero-calorie sweetener plant grown in a high population density.Tissue culture technique is useful for rapid mass propagationof plants to provide superior planting materials. Experimentswere conducted to increase growth and multiplication ofshoots and vigor of plantlets of stevia. Explants used wereapical and axillary buds from plantlets grown on MS mediumwithout plant growth regulators. Combinations of BA andIAA at different concentrations were used for shoot growthand multiplication, whereas plant growth retardants(ancymidol and paclobutrazol) and light intensity were usedfor plantlet vigor. The results showed that stevia explantscultured on MS medium without plant growth regulatorsproduced the highest shoots (4.5 cm) with two shoots perexplant. The best multiplication rate of shoots were found onMS medium added with 1.13 mg/L BA combined with0.35 mg/L IAA which produced on average 4.5 shoots and11.9 nodes per initial explant. Ancymidol and paclobutrazolconcentrations affected significantly growth and vigor ofstevia plantlets. Increasing the concentration of ancymidoland paclobutrazol decreased plantlet height and biomassfresh weight, but increased stem diameter. Paclobutrazol at0.1 mg/L was the best treatment to increase the vigor ofstevia plantlets. Light intensity at 20 µmol/m 2 /s gave betterplantlet vigor than other light intensities. It can be concludedthat multiplication of stevia shoots should be grown on MSmedium supplemented with 1.13 mg/L BA + 0.35 mg/L IAAand the vigor of the shoots can be increased by culturing onMS medium containing 0.1 mg/L paclobutrazol underfluorescence lamps with 20 µmol/m 2 /s light intensity.AbstrakStevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) adalah tanamanpemanis alami nir-kalori yang ditanam dengan kerapatanpopulasi yang sangat tinggi. Teknik kultur jaringan dapatdigunakan untuk perbanyakan tanaman secara massal dancepat untuk menyediakan bahan tanam unggul. Penelitiantelah dilakukan untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan danmultiplikasi tunas dan keragaan planlet stevia. Eksplan yangdigunakan adalah tunas pucuk dan tunas samping dari planletyang ditumbuhkan pada medium MS tanpa zat pengaturtumbuh. Kombinasi BA dan IAA dengan konsentrasi yangberbeda digunakan untuk pertumbuhan dan multiplikasitunas, sedangkan zat penghambat tumbuh (ansimidol danpaklobutrazol) serta intensitas cahaya digunakan untukkeragaan planlet. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwaeksplan stevia yang ditumbuhkan pada medium MS tanpa zatpengatur tumbuh menghasilkan tunas paling tinggi (4,5 cm)dengan dua tunas per eksplan. Multiplikasi tunas terbaikdiperoleh pada medium dengan BA 1,13 mg/L yangdikombinasikan dengan IAA 0,35 mg/L yang menghasilkan4,5 tunas dan 11,9 ruas per eksplan awal. Konsentrasiansimidol dan paklobutrazol berpengaruh nyata terhadappertumbuhan dan keragaan planlet stevia. Meningkatnyakonsentrasi ansimidol dan paklobutrazol menurunkan tinggiplanlet dan bobot basah biomassa, tetapi meningkatkandiameter batang. Paklobutrazol pada konsentrasi 0,1 mg/Lmerupakan perlakuan terbaik untuk meningkatkan keragaanplanlet stevia. Intensitas cahaya pada 20 µmol/m 2 /detikmemberikan keragaan planlet yang lebih baik dibandingkanintensitas cahaya yang lain. Dapat disimpulkan bahwamultiplikasi tunas stevia sebaiknya dilakukan pada mediumMS ditambah BA 1,13 mg/L + IAA 0,35 mg/L dan keragaanplanlet dapat ditingkatkan dengan menanam planlet padamedium MS ditambah paklobutrazol 0,1 mg/L di bawahlampu fluoresen dengan intensitas cahaya 20 µmol/m 2 /detik.

scholarly journals Modifikasi sistem kultur in vitro untuk meningkatkan vigor planlet stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bert.) [Modification of in vitro culture system to increase the vigor of stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bert.) plantlets]

2017 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rizka Tamania SAPTARI ◽  
. SUMARYONO
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Double Layer ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana ◽  
Vessel Diameter ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Culture Vessel ◽  
Plastic Film ◽  
Vessel Closure ◽  
Layer Medium

 Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bert.), a sweetener plant, has been mass propagated by tissue culture technique. Optimal conditions to increase vigor of stevia plantlets are needed to support the sustainability of in vitro plantlet stocks and increase plantlet survival rate during acclimatization. The aim of this research was to investigate the effect of different media, culture vessel sizes, and vessel closure types on the vigor of stevia plantlets. The plant material was derived from apical shoot cuttings of sterile stevia plantlets grown on WP medium without growth regulator. Several treatments used in this study were solid or double layer media; short or tall culture vessel; and polypropile screw cap or plastic film closures.  Growth of plantlets was determined after 3 weeks of culture. Temperature and light intensity inside the vessels were also observed. The results showed that the best treatment to increase the vigor of stevia plantlets was a double-layer medium in a tall culture vessel (diameter 7 cm and height 11 cm) with either screw cap or plastic film. It was exhibited by significantly bigger stem diameter, more and bigger leaves, longer roots, and higher biomass fresh weight than those of other treatments. Higher temperature was observed on tall culture vessel, whereas all treatments did not significantly affect light intensity inside the vessels.[Keywords: stevia, plantlet vigor, double-layer medium, culture vessel size, vessel closure]AbstrakStevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bert.), tanaman pemanis, telah diperbanyak melalui teknologi kultur jaringan. Kondisi kultur optimal untuk meningkatkan vigor planlet stevia masih diperlukan untuk mendukung keberlanjutan tanaman stock in vitro dan untuk meningkatkan daya hidup planlet ketika diaklimatisasi. Penelitian yang dilakukan bertujuan untuk menentukan pengaruh penggunaan jenis media, ukuran botol kultur, dan jenis penutup botol yang berbeda terhadap vigor planlet stevia. Material tanaman yang digunakan didapat dari potongan tunas apikal plantlet stevia steril yang ditumbuhkan pada media WP tanpa zat pengatur tumbuh. Perlakuan jenis media terdiri atas media padat dan media dua-lapis (double-layer), ukuran botol pendek dan tinggi, serta jenis tutup ulir berbahan polipropilen dan lembaran plastik transparan. Pengamatan pertumbuhan planlet dilakukan setelah 3 minggu, juga dilakukan pengamatan terhadap suhu dan intensitas cahaya di dalam botol kultur. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa perlakuan terbaik untuk meningkatkan vigor planlet stevia adalah dengan menggunakan media dua-lapis dalam botol kultur (diameter 7 cm, dan tinggi 11 cm), baik dengan tutup ulir maupun plastik. Hal ini ditunjukkan dari diameter batang lebih besar, daun lebih banyak dan besar, akar lebih panjang, serta bobot segar biomassa lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan perlakuan lainnya. Suhu lebih tinggi terukur pada perlakuan botol tinggi, sedangkan semua perlakuan tidak mempengaruhi secara nyata intensitas cahaya di dalam botol kultur.[Kata kunci: stevia, vigor, media dua-lapis, ukuran botol kultur, tutup botol]

Formation of potato microtubers in vitro depending on temperature and light intensity

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 73-78
Author(s):  
Yu. Lavrynenko ◽  
R. Vozhegova ◽  
H. Balashova ◽  
O. Kotova ◽  
B. Kotov
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Test Tube ◽  
Tuber Formation ◽  
Meristem Culture ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
In Vitro Methods ◽  
Effi Ciency ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
The Cost

Aim. To specify optimal techniques infl uencing the increase of intensity of potato tuber formation in meristem culture in vitro. Methods. Integrated use of laboratory, mathematical and statistical, calculation and compari- son methods and the method of systematic analysis. Results. The paper represents experimental data about the infl uence of temperature and light intensity on the induction of tuber formation under microclonal reproduction of the health-improved initial material. It proves that the decisive factor in the process of morphogenesis of plants in vitro of the early maturing potato variety Kobza and their productivity is temperature conditions for cultivation. Conclusions. Optimal indexes of productivity and economic effi ciency are maintained by grow- ing test-tube plants under the temperature of cultivation of 14–16 oС and the light intensity of 3,000 lux. The number of microtubers per plant was 1.2 pieces, the weight of an average microtuber was 262,0 mg, the weight of microtubers per plant was 363,7 mg, the number of microtubers weighing more than 350,0 mg was 20,9 %; the cost price of microtubers was 5,31 UAH with the profi tability of 201 %.

scholarly journals Formation of potato microtubers in vitro depending on temperature and light intensity

1970 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 57-61
Author(s):  
Yu. O. Lavrynenko ◽  
H. S. Balashova ◽  
V. V. Bazalii
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Test Tube ◽  
Tuber Formation ◽  
Meristem Culture ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
In Vitro Methods ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Temperature Mode ◽  
The Cost

Aim. To specify optimal techniques influencing the increase of intensity of potato tuber formation in meristem culture in vitro. Methods. Integrated use of laboratory, mathematical and statistical, calculation and comparison methods and the method of systematic analysis. Results. The paper represents experimental data about the influence of temperature and light intensity on the induction of tuber formation under microclonal reproduction of the health-improved initial material. It proves that the decisive factor in the process of morphogenesis of plants in vitro of the early maturing potato variety Kobza and their productivity is temperature conditions for cultivation. Conclusions. Optimal indexes of productivity and economic efficiency are maintained by growing test-tube plants under the temperature of cultivation of 14–16ºC and the light intensity of 3000 lux. The number of microtubers per plant was 1.2 pieces, the weight of an average microtuber was 262.0 mg, the weight of microtubers per plant was 363.7 mg, the number of microtubers weighing more than 350.0 mg was 20.9 %; the cost price of microtubers was 5.31 UAH with the profitability of 201 %. Keywords: potato, microtubers, temperature mode, light intensity, in vitro.

Effect of Light Intensity on the Morphogenesis of Stevia rebaudiana under In Vitro Conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 656-663
Author(s):  
O. V. Nakonechnaya ◽  
I. V. Gafitskaya ◽  
E. V. Burkovskaya ◽  
Yu. A. Khrolenko ◽  
O. V. Grishchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana ◽  
Effect Of Light

scholarly journals Peningkatan laju multiplikasi tunas dan keragaan planlet Stevia rebaudiana pada kultur in vitro Increasing shoot multiplication rate and plantlet vigor of Stevia rebaudiana in vitro culture

2016 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
. SUMARYONO ◽  
Masna Maya SINTA
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Multiplication Rate ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni ◽  
Plant Grown ◽  
Planting Materials

AbstractStevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) is a natural zero-calorie sweetener plant grown in a high population density.Tissue culture technique is useful for rapid mass propagationof plants to provide superior planting materials. Experimentswere conducted to increase growth and multiplication ofshoots and vigor of plantlets of stevia. Explants used wereapical and axillary buds from plantlets grown on MS mediumwithout plant growth regulators. Combinations of BA andIAA at different concentrations were used for shoot growthand multiplication, whereas plant growth retardants(ancymidol and paclobutrazol) and light intensity were usedfor plantlet vigor. The results showed that stevia explantscultured on MS medium without plant growth regulatorsproduced the highest shoots (4.5 cm) with two shoots perexplant. The best multiplication rate of shoots were found onMS medium added with 1.13 mg/L BA combined with0.35 mg/L IAA which produced on average 4.5 shoots and11.9 nodes per initial explant. Ancymidol and paclobutrazolconcentrations affected significantly growth and vigor ofstevia plantlets. Increasing the concentration of ancymidoland paclobutrazol decreased plantlet height and biomassfresh weight, but increased stem diameter. Paclobutrazol at0.1 mg/L was the best treatment to increase the vigor ofstevia plantlets. Light intensity at 20 µmol/m 2 /s gave betterplantlet vigor than other light intensities. It can be concludedthat multiplication of stevia shoots should be grown on MSmedium supplemented with 1.13 mg/L BA + 0.35 mg/L IAAand the vigor of the shoots can be increased by culturing onMS medium containing 0.1 mg/L paclobutrazol underfluorescence lamps with 20 µmol/m 2 /s light intensity.AbstrakStevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) adalah tanamanpemanis alami nir-kalori yang ditanam dengan kerapatanpopulasi yang sangat tinggi. Teknik kultur jaringan dapatdigunakan untuk perbanyakan tanaman secara massal dancepat untuk menyediakan bahan tanam unggul. Penelitiantelah dilakukan untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan danmultiplikasi tunas dan keragaan planlet stevia. Eksplan yangdigunakan adalah tunas pucuk dan tunas samping dari planletyang ditumbuhkan pada medium MS tanpa zat pengaturtumbuh. Kombinasi BA dan IAA dengan konsentrasi yangberbeda digunakan untuk pertumbuhan dan multiplikasitunas, sedangkan zat penghambat tumbuh (ansimidol danpaklobutrazol) serta intensitas cahaya digunakan untukkeragaan planlet. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwaeksplan stevia yang ditumbuhkan pada medium MS tanpa zatpengatur tumbuh menghasilkan tunas paling tinggi (4,5 cm)dengan dua tunas per eksplan. Multiplikasi tunas terbaikdiperoleh pada medium dengan BA 1,13 mg/L yangdikombinasikan dengan IAA 0,35 mg/L yang menghasilkan4,5 tunas dan 11,9 ruas per eksplan awal. Konsentrasiansimidol dan paklobutrazol berpengaruh nyata terhadappertumbuhan dan keragaan planlet stevia. Meningkatnyakonsentrasi ansimidol dan paklobutrazol menurunkan tinggiplanlet dan bobot basah biomassa, tetapi meningkatkandiameter batang. Paklobutrazol pada konsentrasi 0,1 mg/Lmerupakan perlakuan terbaik untuk meningkatkan keragaanplanlet stevia. Intensitas cahaya pada 20 µmol/m 2 /detikmemberikan keragaan planlet yang lebih baik dibandingkanintensitas cahaya yang lain. Dapat disimpulkan bahwamultiplikasi tunas stevia sebaiknya dilakukan pada mediumMS ditambah BA 1,13 mg/L + IAA 0,35 mg/L dan keragaanplanlet dapat ditingkatkan dengan menanam planlet padamedium MS ditambah paklobutrazol 0,1 mg/L di bawahlampu fluoresen dengan intensitas cahaya 20 µmol/m 2 /detik.

scholarly journals Modifikasi sistem kultur in vitro untuk meningkatkan vigor planlet stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bert.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rizka Tamania SAPTARI ◽  
. SUMARYONO
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Double Layer ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana ◽  
Vessel Diameter ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Culture Vessel ◽  
Plastic Film ◽  
Vessel Closure ◽  
Layer Medium

AbstractStevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bert.), a sweetener plant, has been mass propagated by tissue culture technique. Optimal conditions to increase vigor of stevia plantlets are needed to support the sustainability of in vitro plantlet stocks and increase plantlet survival rate during acclimatization. The aim of this research was to investigate the effect of different media, culture vessel sizes, and vessel closure types on the vigor of stevia plantlets. The plant material was derived from apical shoot cuttings of sterile stevia plantlets grown on WP medium without growth regulator. Several treatments used in this study were solid or double layer media; short or tall culture vessel; and polypropile screw cap or plastic film closures.  Growth of plantlets was determined after 3 weeks of culture. Temperature and light intensity inside the vessels were also observed. The results showed that the best treatment to increase the vigor of stevia plantlets was a double-layer medium in a tall culture vessel (diameter 7 cm and height 11 cm) with either screw cap or plastic film. It was exhibited by significantly bigger stem diameter, more and bigger leaves, longer roots, and higher biomass fresh weight than those of other treatments. Higher temperature was observed on tall culture vessel, whereas all treatments did not significantly affect light intensity inside the vessels.[Keywords: stevia, plantlet vigor, double-layer medium, culture vessel size, vessel closure]AbstrakStevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bert.), tanaman pemanis, telah diperbanyak melalui teknologi kultur jaringan. Kondisi kultur optimal untuk meningkatkan vigor planlet stevia masih diperlukan untuk mendukung keberlanjutan tanaman stock in vitro dan untuk meningkatkan daya hidup planlet ketika diaklimatisasi. Penelitian yang dilakukan bertujuan untuk menentukan pengaruh penggunaan jenis media, ukuran botol kultur, dan jenis penutup botol yang berbeda terhadap vigor planlet stevia. Material tanaman yang digunakan didapat dari potongan tunas apikal plantlet stevia steril yang ditumbuhkan pada media WP tanpa zat pengatur tumbuh. Perlakuan jenis media terdiri atas media padat dan media dua-lapis (double-layer), ukuran botol pendek dan tinggi, serta jenis tutup ulir berbahan polipropilen dan lembaran plastik transparan. Pengamatan pertumbuhan planlet dilakukan setelah 3 minggu, juga dilakukan pengamatan terhadap suhu dan intensitas cahaya di dalam botol kultur. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa perlakuan terbaik untuk meningkatkan vigor planlet stevia adalah dengan menggunakan media dua-lapis dalam botol kultur (diameter 7 cm, dan tinggi 11 cm), baik dengan tutup ulir maupun plastik. Hal ini ditunjukkan dari diameter batang lebih besar, daun lebih banyak dan besar, akar lebih panjang, serta bobot segar biomassa lebih tinggi dibandingkan perlakuan lainnya. Suhu lebih tinggi terukur pada perlakuan botol tinggi, sedangkan semua perlakuan tidak mempengaruhi secara nyata intensitas cahaya di dalam botol kultur.[Kata kunci: stevia, vigor, media dua-lapis, ukuran botol kultur, tutup botol] 

ECONOMIC PERSPECTIVES OF BIOTECHNOLOGIES USING IN ANIMAL FARMING

1970 ◽  
pp. 57-60
Author(s):  
I. F. Gorlov ◽  
A. A. Mosolov ◽  
G. V. Komlatskiy ◽  
M. A. Nesterenko ◽  
K. D. Nimbona ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
State Level ◽  
Modern Level ◽  
Economic Perspectives ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Short Time

The article presents materials on the study of the possibility of reproduction and increase in the herd of highly productive cows through the use of embryo transplantation technology. The classical (in vivo) and more modern, developing (in vitro) methods of embryotransfer, their positive and negative sides are considered in detail. The possibility of accelerating the breeding process by using the method of transplantation, in which from one cow can be obtained from 10 to 100 calves, which will allow for 4-5 years, almost any herd (of any size and breed) with the help of biotechnology to turn into a cattle-breeding enterprise of the most modern level. At the same time, heifers obtained from unproductive cows can be used as "surrogate" mothers who are transplanted with the best donor embryos, which allows to obtain a full-fledged offspring adapted to local environmental conditions. A detailed scheme of obtaining, evaluation, storage, as well as the cost and economic effect of embryo transplantation was calculated, the market was evaluated, the required annual volume of transplants and the number of donor cows for large livestock farms were determined. As a positive example of "Scientific-production enterprise "Centre of biotechnology and embryo transfer" in 2014, implemented a project for accelerated replacement and genetic improvement of the dairy herd, engraftment averaged 57-69%, and the economic effect of the enterprise from getting a single animal by the method of embryo transfer, compared with imports of similar close in quality, ranged from 60 to 100 thousand rubles on his head. It is shown that it is necessary to organize at the state level a developed service for embryo transplantation to reduce the cost of embryo transfer and the possibility of creating in a short time in the country's own highly productive breeding nucleus of dairy and beef cattle, which will reduce, and in the future completely eliminate, import dependence on cattle products.

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