Study on Depth and its Uniformity of 65Mn Steel Grind-Hardened Layer

2011 ◽  
Vol 487 ◽  
pp. 94-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Zhen Zhuang ◽  
Lian Fen Liu ◽  
Y.Z. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Hardened Layer ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Grind Hardening ◽  
Grinding Conditions ◽  
Orthogonal Experiment Method ◽  
Table Speed ◽  
Significant Factors

On the basis of orthogonal experiment method, the grind-hardening of 65Mn steel had been carried out on a conventional surface grinder with alumina grinding wheel, the influence of depth of cutap, table speedvw, grinding modegm, and interaction between depth of cut and table speedavon depth and its uniformity of grind-hardened layer of 65Mn steel were investigated. The results show that, theapis the significant factor influences the average depth of grind-hardened layer and the significance ratio of experiment factors from most to least as followed:ap>vw>gm> av; thegmand thevware the significant factors influence the depth uniformity of grind-hardened layer and the significance ratio of experiment factors from most to least as followed: gm>vw>ap>av. The fairly uniformity of grind-hardened layer with good economy can be obtained when using grinding conditions that theap= 0.6mm, thevw= 0.4m/min, and thegm=up grinding + down grinding in practical applications.

Orthogonal Experimental Study on the Grinding-Hardened Layer’s Depth and its Uniformity of 45 Steel

2013 ◽  
Vol 668 ◽  
pp. 898-901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Yuan ◽  
Ju Dong Liu ◽  
Zhi Long Xu
Keyword(s):  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Hardened Layer ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Actual Application ◽  
Grinding Method ◽  
Grinding Conditions ◽  
Grinding Hardening ◽  
Table Speed

Based on the orthogonal experiment of grinding-hardening machine, this paper studied the influence of depth of cut ap, table speed vw and grinding method gm on the grinding-hardened layer’s depth and its uniformity of 45 steel. The results show that, depth of cut ap is the significant factor affected the average value of grinding-hardened layer’s depth, but the influence of grinding conditions on the uniformity are very limited. In actual application, it should adopt ap=0.6mm, vw=0.4m/min and up-down grinding method to enhance the quality of grinding-hardened layer.

Study on the Formation of Grind-Hardening of Steel AISI 1066

2007 ◽  
Vol 329 ◽  
pp. 57-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ju Dong Liu ◽  
Gui Cheng Wang ◽  
B.L. Wang ◽  
K.M. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Hardened Layer ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Micro Hardness ◽  
Cooling Conditions ◽  
Dry Grinding ◽  
Structures And Properties ◽  
Grind Hardening ◽  
Steel Aisi ◽  
Grinding Technique

Grind-hardening was done on Steel AISI 1066 with a conventional surface grinder and a corundum grinding wheel, and research was conducted to probe into structures and properties of the hardened layer under varied depth of cut and cooling conditions. Results show that the hardened layer do not change noticeably in their martensitic structures and micro-hardness, which is ranged between 810870HV; But when the depth of cut increased or the dry grinding technique is adopted, the concentration of martensites and carbonides becomes lower, while the amount of residual austenites increases, and the completely hardened zone gets thicker. This conclusion serves as an experimental basis for the active control of properties of the grind-hardened layer of Steel AISI 1066.

Experimental Research on Grind-Hardening of 65Mn Steel

2006 ◽  
Vol 505-507 ◽  
pp. 787-792 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ju Dong Liu ◽  
Gui Cheng Wang ◽  
Zhi Wang ◽  
Shu Tian Fan
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Hardened Layer ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Micro Hardness ◽  
Layer Depth ◽  
Cooling Conditions ◽  
Dry Grinding ◽  
Grind Hardening ◽  
Grinding Technique

Grind-hardening was done on 65Mn steel with a conventional surface grinder and a corundum-grinding wheel. Research was conducted to probe into microstructures and properties of the hardened layer under varied depth of cut and cooling conditions. Results show that the hardened layer does not change noticeably in their martensitic structures and micro-hardness, which is ranged between 810-870HV. When the depth of cut increases or the dry grinding technique is adopted, the hardened layer becomes thicker accordingly. Under the condition of dry grinding with the depth of cut 1.0mm, the hardened layer depth reaches 2.0mm. It can find applications in grinding and metal surface modification field.

Study on the Two-Side Direction Burr in Grinding-Hardening Machine Based on Orthogonal Experimental Method

2012 ◽  
Vol 217-219 ◽  
pp. 1869-1873 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ju Dong Liu ◽  
Wei Yuan ◽  
Jin Kui Xiong ◽  
Zhi Long Xu ◽  
Song Wei Huang
Keyword(s):  
Coupling Effect ◽  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Actual Application ◽  
Grinding Method ◽  
Force Coupling ◽  
Grinding Hardening ◽  
Table Speed ◽  
Significant Factors

Based on the orthogonal experiment, this paper studied the influences of depth of cut ap, table speed vw and grinding method gm on the two-side direction burr in grinding-hardening machine. The results show that, with thermal-force coupling effect induced in the grinding-hardening machine, the metal in the workpiece’s surface flowed to two-side direction of the workpiece that without any constraint and leaded to the burr’s formation. The depth of cut ap and grinding method gm are significant factors that affected the size of two-side direction burr, and the significant order are as follows: depth of cut ap> grinding method gm > table speed vw>interaction av. With the increasing of depth of cut ap or the grinding trip, the max size of the two-side direction burr increased gradually; and with the raising of table speed vw, the max size decreased firstly and then increased. In actual application, it should adopted the grinding parameters ap＝0.2mm，vw＝0.6m/min and up-down grinding to improve the quality of grinding-hardening and reduce the size of the burr.

Influence of Depth of Cut on Grind-Hardened Layer and Its Uniformity

2011 ◽  
Vol 109 ◽  
pp. 345-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lian Fen Liu ◽  
Jie Zhen Zhuang ◽  
Chao Liu
Keyword(s):  
Hardened Layer ◽  
Maximum Depth ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Hardened Zone ◽  
Grind Hardening

The grind-hardening of steel 65Mn had been carried out on a conventional surface grinder with alumina grinding wheel, the influence of depth of cut on the microstructure and the microhardness of workpiece, the depth and its uniformity of grind-hardened layer were studied. The results show that the completely hardened zone of grind-hardened layer is composed of fine acicular martensites, residual austenites and a little carbide. The variety of depth of cut has no obvious influence on the microstructure and the microhardness of completely hardened zone of grind-hardened layer. The maximum depth of grind-hardened layer and the depth uniformity of grind-hardened layer of workpiece increases with the increase of depth of cut ap.

scholarly journals Correlation between surface roughness and AE signals in ceramic grinding based on spectral analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 249 ◽  
pp. 03003 ◽  
Author(s):  
M A Aulestia Viera ◽  
F A Alexandre ◽  
P R Aguiar ◽  
R B Silva ◽  
E C Bianchi
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Frequency Domain ◽  
Surface Condition ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Workpiece Surface ◽  
Grinding Conditions ◽  
Grinding Machine ◽  
Frequency Domain Techniques

The study and monitoring of the workpiece surface roughness is one of the most important parameters of the grinding process. This paper proposes a method for analysing the surface condition of ground ceramic components by means of the acoustic emission (AE) signal analysis along with frequency domain techniques. Tests were performed using a surface-grinding machine equipped with a resin-bond diamond grinding wheel, where signals were collected at 2 MHz. Alumina workpieces were machined under six different depth of cut values, covering slight, medium and severe grinding conditions. Frequency content was studied in order to select bands closely related to the process conditions. An analysis of the root mean square values (RMS) of the signals was performed, seeking for a correlation with the surface roughness. Digital filters were applied to the raw signals. The RMS values filtered for two frequency bands presented a better fitting to the linear regression, which is highly desirable for setting a threshold to detect the workpiece surface conditions and implementing into a monitoring system. Results showed that the amplitude of the signals presented different characteristics in the frequency domain according to the workpiece surface condition. It was also observed a higher spectral activity in the severe grinding conditions.

Experiments and Regression Analysis of Grinding Hardened Layer Depth Based on Transverse Feed

2019 ◽  
Vol 814 ◽  
pp. 190-195
Author(s):  
Shun Xing Gao ◽  
Ju Dong Liu ◽  
Zhi Long Xu ◽  
Xiao Fan Yang
Keyword(s):  
Process Parameters ◽  
Optimization Design ◽  
Hardened Layer ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Grinding Process ◽  
Layer Depth ◽  
Hardening Process ◽  
Orthogonal Experiments ◽  
Grind Hardening ◽  
40Cr Steel

Based on orthogonal experiments, the influences of grinding process parameters including depth of cut (ap), workpiece infeed velocity (vw) and transverse regrinding value (Cr) on hardened layer depth (HLD) of 40Cr steel are studied in the grind-hardening process. The grind-hardening orthogonal experiments of 3-factors are performed on the 40Cr steel with the L16 (45) orthogonal table and the experimental optimization design theory. To understand quantitatively the effects of three grinding process parameters, the experimental data are modeled by regression. Among three grinding process parameters, the most important parameter is ap, followed by vw and Cr respectively. The experimental results indicate that HLD would increase with the increasing of the depth of cut and the decreasing of the workpiece infeed velocity in grind-hardening process, but HLD would decrease with the increasing of the interaction between the depth of cut and workpiece infeed velocity.

Study on Forming Mechanism of Surface Hardening in Two-Pass Grinding 40Cr Steel

2006 ◽  
Vol 304-305 ◽  
pp. 588-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gui Cheng Wang ◽  
Ju Dong Liu ◽  
Hong Jie Pei ◽  
Z.H. Jia ◽  
Li Jie Ma
Keyword(s):  
Hardened Layer ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Forming Mechanism ◽  
Creep Feed ◽  
Grind Hardening ◽  
Quenched Steel ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Grinding Temperature Field ◽  
40Cr Steel ◽  
Martensite Structure

We had done the two-pass grind-hardening experiment on 40Cr steel using the conventional aluminum grinding wheel on a surface grinder, compared the structure and performance of the hardened layer of one-pass grinding with those of two-pass grinding and analyzed the forming mechanism of two-pass grinding hardened layers. The results show that there are a similar martensite structure and change rules of hardened layer of one-pass grinding and two-pass grinding in spite of the different of initial structures, for martensite has tempered by the action of the creep feed grinding temperature field. The depths of hardened layer, microhardness and wear resistance have further improved, but the maximal compressive residual stress and its influencing depth of hardened layer have decreased. The forming mechanism of the two-pass grinding hardened layer is the same as that of the grinding hardened layer of quenched steel.

Influence of Grinding Parameters on the Depth and Uniformity of Cylindrical Grinding-Hardened Layer

2010 ◽  
Vol 102-104 ◽  
pp. 733-737
Author(s):  
Ju Dong Liu ◽  
Jie Zhen Zhuang ◽  
Xi Lin Zhang ◽  
Zhi Long Xu
Keyword(s):  
Hardened Layer ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Feed Speed ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Cylindrical Grinding ◽  
Grinding Parameters ◽  
Grinding Hardening ◽  
Surface Hardened Layer

On the basis of the cylindrical grinding-hardening test, the influences of the grinding parameters on surface hardened layer were studied. The result shows that when ap≤0.2mm, there is an unhardened area exist in cylindrical grinding hardened workpiece. When ap＞0.2mm, there is a tempered area exist in cylindrical grinding hardened workpiece due to the action of grinding heat during cut-in and cut-out of grinding wheel. When depth of cut increases, or feed speed decreases, the hardened layer depth increases accordingly. In the practical application, the satisfactory quality of the cylindrical grinding hardened layer can be obtained through reasonable combination of ap and vw.

Quality and Control of Grinding-Hardening in Workpieces

2012 ◽  
Vol 522 ◽  
pp. 87-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ju Dong Liu ◽  
Wei Yuan ◽  
Jin Kui Xiong ◽  
Song Wei Huang
Keyword(s):  
High Hardness ◽  
Hardened Layer ◽  
Surface Grinding ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Insignificant Effect ◽  
Grinding Method ◽  
And Control ◽  
Grinding Hardening ◽  
Table Speed

On the basis of the surface grinding-hardening test, studied on the quality of grinding-hardening in 65Mn steel. The results show that grinding method has insignificant effect on the microstructure and the high hardness value of the completely hardened region at different locations alone the direction of length. The completely hardened region is composed of fine acicular martensites, residual austenites and a little carbides, and the high hardness value is between 760-820HV. As the changing of grinding method, the uniformity and depth of the hardened layer changed accordingly. The quality of grinding-hardening could be improved with big depth of cut, small table speed and combined with the grinding method of up-down grinding or down-up-down grinding which could effectively control the depth and uniformity of the hardened workpieces.

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