Study on the Two-Side Direction Burr in Grinding-Hardening Machine Based on Orthogonal Experimental Method

2012 ◽  
Vol 217-219 ◽  
pp. 1869-1873 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ju Dong Liu ◽  
Wei Yuan ◽  
Jin Kui Xiong ◽  
Zhi Long Xu ◽  
Song Wei Huang
Keyword(s):  
Coupling Effect ◽  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Actual Application ◽  
Grinding Method ◽  
Force Coupling ◽  
Grinding Hardening ◽  
Table Speed ◽  
Significant Factors

Based on the orthogonal experiment, this paper studied the influences of depth of cut ap, table speed vw and grinding method gm on the two-side direction burr in grinding-hardening machine. The results show that, with thermal-force coupling effect induced in the grinding-hardening machine, the metal in the workpiece’s surface flowed to two-side direction of the workpiece that without any constraint and leaded to the burr’s formation. The depth of cut ap and grinding method gm are significant factors that affected the size of two-side direction burr, and the significant order are as follows: depth of cut ap> grinding method gm > table speed vw>interaction av. With the increasing of depth of cut ap or the grinding trip, the max size of the two-side direction burr increased gradually; and with the raising of table speed vw, the max size decreased firstly and then increased. In actual application, it should adopted the grinding parameters ap＝0.2mm，vw＝0.6m/min and up-down grinding to improve the quality of grinding-hardening and reduce the size of the burr.

Orthogonal Experimental Study on the Grinding-Hardened Layer’s Depth and its Uniformity of 45 Steel

2013 ◽  
Vol 668 ◽  
pp. 898-901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Yuan ◽  
Ju Dong Liu ◽  
Zhi Long Xu
Keyword(s):  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Hardened Layer ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Actual Application ◽  
Grinding Method ◽  
Grinding Conditions ◽  
Grinding Hardening ◽  
Table Speed

Based on the orthogonal experiment of grinding-hardening machine, this paper studied the influence of depth of cut ap, table speed vw and grinding method gm on the grinding-hardened layer’s depth and its uniformity of 45 steel. The results show that, depth of cut ap is the significant factor affected the average value of grinding-hardened layer’s depth, but the influence of grinding conditions on the uniformity are very limited. In actual application, it should adopt ap=0.6mm, vw=0.4m/min and up-down grinding method to enhance the quality of grinding-hardened layer.

Quality and Control of Grinding-Hardening in Workpieces

2012 ◽  
Vol 522 ◽  
pp. 87-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ju Dong Liu ◽  
Wei Yuan ◽  
Jin Kui Xiong ◽  
Song Wei Huang
Keyword(s):  
High Hardness ◽  
Hardened Layer ◽  
Surface Grinding ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Insignificant Effect ◽  
Grinding Method ◽  
And Control ◽  
Grinding Hardening ◽  
Table Speed

On the basis of the surface grinding-hardening test, studied on the quality of grinding-hardening in 65Mn steel. The results show that grinding method has insignificant effect on the microstructure and the high hardness value of the completely hardened region at different locations alone the direction of length. The completely hardened region is composed of fine acicular martensites, residual austenites and a little carbides, and the high hardness value is between 760-820HV. As the changing of grinding method, the uniformity and depth of the hardened layer changed accordingly. The quality of grinding-hardening could be improved with big depth of cut, small table speed and combined with the grinding method of up-down grinding or down-up-down grinding which could effectively control the depth and uniformity of the hardened workpieces.

Study on Depth and its Uniformity of 65Mn Steel Grind-Hardened Layer

2011 ◽  
Vol 487 ◽  
pp. 94-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Zhen Zhuang ◽  
Lian Fen Liu ◽  
Y.Z. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Hardened Layer ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Grind Hardening ◽  
Grinding Conditions ◽  
Orthogonal Experiment Method ◽  
Table Speed ◽  
Significant Factors

On the basis of orthogonal experiment method, the grind-hardening of 65Mn steel had been carried out on a conventional surface grinder with alumina grinding wheel, the influence of depth of cutap, table speedvw, grinding modegm, and interaction between depth of cut and table speedavon depth and its uniformity of grind-hardened layer of 65Mn steel were investigated. The results show that, theapis the significant factor influences the average depth of grind-hardened layer and the significance ratio of experiment factors from most to least as followed:ap>vw>gm> av; thegmand thevware the significant factors influence the depth uniformity of grind-hardened layer and the significance ratio of experiment factors from most to least as followed: gm>vw>ap>av. The fairly uniformity of grind-hardened layer with good economy can be obtained when using grinding conditions that theap= 0.6mm, thevw= 0.4m/min, and thegm=up grinding + down grinding in practical applications.

scholarly journals Investigation of Surface Quality of CoCrMo Alloy Used in the Tibial Component of the Knee Prosthesis According to the Methods of Turning and Turning-Grinding

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-48
Author(s):  
Erkan BAHÇE ◽  
M. Sami GÜLER ◽  
Ender EMİR
Keyword(s):  
Surface Quality ◽  
Tibial Component ◽  
Thermal Stresses ◽  
Knee Prosthesis ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Tool Geometry ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Cocrmo Alloy ◽  
Grinding Method

CoCrMo alloys, which are well-known Co-based biomedical alloys, have many different types of surface integrity problems reported in literature. Residual stresses, white layer formation and work hardening layers are some those, matters which occur as a microstructural alteration during machining. Therefore, such problems should be solved and surface quality of end products should be improved. In this paper, the surface quality of CoCrMo alloy used in tibial component of the knee prosthesis produced by means of turning was investigated. An improvement was suggested and discussed for the improvement in their machinability with the developed turning-grinding method. Finite element analyses were also carried out to calculate temperature and thermal stresses distribution between the tool and the tibial component. The results showed that many parameters such as cutting speed, feed rate, depth of cut, tool geometry, and tool wear affect the surface quality of workpieces of CoCrMo alloy. In the turning-grinding method, the machining time is reduced by about six times compared to machining only method. The EDX analysis performed on the surface after machining showed that metal diffusion occurred from tool to the tibial component.

Influence of Grinding Parameters on the Depth and Uniformity of Cylindrical Grinding-Hardened Layer

2010 ◽  
Vol 102-104 ◽  
pp. 733-737
Author(s):  
Ju Dong Liu ◽  
Jie Zhen Zhuang ◽  
Xi Lin Zhang ◽  
Zhi Long Xu
Keyword(s):  
Hardened Layer ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Feed Speed ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Cylindrical Grinding ◽  
Grinding Parameters ◽  
Grinding Hardening ◽  
Surface Hardened Layer

On the basis of the cylindrical grinding-hardening test, the influences of the grinding parameters on surface hardened layer were studied. The result shows that when ap≤0.2mm, there is an unhardened area exist in cylindrical grinding hardened workpiece. When ap＞0.2mm, there is a tempered area exist in cylindrical grinding hardened workpiece due to the action of grinding heat during cut-in and cut-out of grinding wheel. When depth of cut increases, or feed speed decreases, the hardened layer depth increases accordingly. In the practical application, the satisfactory quality of the cylindrical grinding hardened layer can be obtained through reasonable combination of ap and vw.

Influence of Grinding Parameters and Chamfer Size on the Grinding-Hardened Layer'S Depth

2013 ◽  
Vol 718-720 ◽  
pp. 1569-1572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ju Dong Liu ◽  
Wei Yuan ◽  
Jin Kui Xiong ◽  
Zhi Long Xu
Keyword(s):  
Metal Removal ◽  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Combined Effect ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Actual Application ◽  
Grinding Parameters ◽  
Grinding Hardening

Based on the orthogonal experiment, this paper studied the combined effect of grinding parameters and chamfer size on grinding-hardened layers depth formed in grinding-hardening machine. The results show that, while the workpiece was chamfered, the grinding-hardened layers depth would lessen owing to the decreasing of metal removal in per unit time. On this experimental condition, the effect orders of grinding parameters and chamfer size on the average value of grinding-hardened layers depth are as follow, grinding parametersavchamfer degree α and chamfer heighth. In actual application, it should adopt suitable combinations of grinding parameters and chamfer size according to the requirements of the grinding-hardened layers depth to minimize the burrs size and maximize the productivity of grinding-hardening machine.

scholarly journals Promoting Sustainable Mobility: A Perspective from Car and Public Transport Users

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4715
Author(s):  
Audrius Dėdelė ◽  
Auksė Miškinytė
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Urban Mobility ◽  
Sustainable Mobility ◽  
Bicycle Safety ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Significant Factors

Sustainable mobility is becoming a key factor in improving the quality of life of the residents and increasing physical activity (PA) levels. The current situation of sustainable mobility and its analysis is a first step in understanding the factors that would encourage residents to discover and choose alternative modes of travel. The present study examined the factors that encourage the choice of active modes of travel among urban adult population. Walking and cycling were analyzed as the most sustainable forms of urban mobility from the perspective of car and public transport (PT) users. Total of 902 subjects aged 18 years or older were analyzed in the study to assess commuting habits in Kaunas city, Lithuania. The majority (61.1%) of the respondents used a passenger vehicle, 28.2% used PT, and only 13.5% used active modes of travel. The results showed that safer pedestrian crossings, and comfortable paths were the most significant factors that encourage walking. A wider cycling network, and bicycle safety were the most important incentives for the promotion of cycling. Our findings show that the main factors encouraging walking and cycling among car and PT users are similar, however, the individual characteristics that determine the choice of these factors vary significantly.

scholarly journals Hybrid intelligence in hospitals: towards a research agenda for collaboration

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milad Mirbabaie ◽  
Stefan Stieglitz ◽  
Nicholas R. J. Frick
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Care Process ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Conversational Agents ◽  
Actual Application ◽  
Reasonable Approach ◽  
Hybrid Intelligence ◽  
Application Of Cas ◽  
Successful Collaboration

AbstractSuccessful collaboration between clinicians is particularly relevant regarding the quality of care process. In this context, the utilization of hybrid intelligence, such as conversational agents (CAs), is a reasonable approach for the coordination of diverse tasks. While there is a great deal of literature involving collaboration, little effort has been made to integrate previous findings and evaluate research when applying CAs in hospitals. By conducting an extended and systematic literature review and semi-structured expert interviews, we identified four major challenges and derived propositions where in-depth research is needed: 1) audience and interdependency; 2) connectivity and embodiment; 3) trust and transparency; and 4) security, privacy, and ethics. The results are helpful for researchers as we discuss directions for future research on CAs for collaboration in a hospital setting enhancing team performance. Practitioners will be able to understand which difficulties must be considered before the actual application of CAs.

Morphological traits of the development of the skin and wool cover in sheep of Prikatunsky meat and wool type

2021 ◽  
pp. 60-68
Author(s):  
I. I. Dmitrik ◽  
G. V. Zavgorodnyaya ◽  
M. I. Pavlova ◽  
N. A. Podkorytov
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Body Side ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Research Material ◽  
High Level ◽  
Significant Factors

A large number of works are devoted to the development of the skin and hair cover of sheep, depending on their breed affiliation, age, feeding conditions and housing. The authors point out that along with other conditions the quality of wool and wool clip is greatly influenced by the conditions of the feeding of animals. A high level of feeding increases the wool clip and improves the quality of the wool and vice versa a low level reduces, causes thinning and worsens other physical properties of the wool. As is known, one of the significant factors that determine the increase in wool clip is the size of the animal and, consequently, the total area of the skin. The purpose of the research was to investigate the morphological traits of the development of the skin and wool cover in sheep of Prikatunsky meat and wool type. The research material was wool samples from four topographic areas of the animal’s body (side/thigh/back/belly) and skin (side) of different sex and age groups, selected from the animals of the studied groups. In the course of research, the quality of wool and indicators of the histostructure of the skin of Prikatunsky meat and wool type of sheep have been investigated. In terms of thick-haired of wool, replacement rams and gimbers of Prikatunsky meat and wool type of sheep were superior by 4,82 pcs. per mm² or 19,0 % and 4,41 pcs. per mm² or 15,8 % of adult animals, respectively. Balance secondary follicles/primary follicles in young animals were higher by 10,3 and 17,3 % compared to breeding rams and ewes. The wool of the replacement young animals was thinner by 7,28 and 4,78 microns and they were more thick-haired. The obtained data will be used in the mating campaign when mating program rams in order to improve the sheep of Prikatunsky meat and wool type.

scholarly journals Views on Unassisted Childbirth among Mothers at a Teaching Hospital in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 1357-1365
Author(s):  
Aniza Ismail ◽  
Nur Farahani Anas ◽  
Shun Qin Neo ◽  
Najwa Hayati Ab Ghani ◽  
Muhammad Amir Ridzwan Mahadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Working Mothers ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Income Group ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Significant Factors

A cross-sectional study was conducted among mothers visiting antenatal clinic in UKMMC from 1st to 19th August 2016 to acquire opinions on unassisted childbirth and the determinant factors among mothers at a teaching hospital. Structured questionnaires were used in assessing their opinions on unassisted childbirth. A total of 259 respondents were recruited, 229 of them who met the inclusion criteria were included for analysis. Majority (87.3%) was Malay and 98.7% of respondents were more than 25 years old. The prevalence for mothers who agreed with unassisted childbirth was 6.6%. Bivariate analysis showed Malay (p=0.013) and non-working mothers (p=0.000) are the significant factors. There was no significant association between opinions on unassisted childbirth and quality of government healthcare services. Multivariate analysis showed middle income and non-working mothers were the significant factors contributing to opinions on unassisted childbirth. The outcome showed minority of mothers agreed with unassisted childbirth, middle income group and non-working mothers agreed on unassisted childbirth. Dissatisfaction to the quality of care at government healthcare services was not found to be the reason for unassisted childbirth. However, there could be other factors contributing to opinions on unassisted childbirth delivery which were not studied. Community-based study should be conducted to determine the other factors.

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