Simulation and Ergonomics Approach for Service & Manufacturing Process Improvement

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.502.121 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 502 ◽

pp. 121-125 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A. Sánchez-Lite ◽

M. García-García

Keyword(s):

Process Improvement ◽

Process Design ◽

Human Factor ◽

Process Development ◽

3D Design ◽

Simulation Tools ◽

And Control ◽

Detection Evaluation

The human factor is a key variable in the efficiency of the product-process development system. The ability to be able to predict the influence of this factor in the process is a significant challenge in manufacturing engineering, as well as the consequences that the process designed has on this factor. All ergonomic considerations have traditionally been evaluated without using 3D product design. Nowadays, 3D process design technologies and simulation tools allow us the opportunity from the earliest stages of the design process. They can also be used to improve current processes in order to increase human comfort, productivity and safety. This paper describes a methodology using 3D design and simulation tools to improve industrial and service processes. This methodology has as an objective the detection, evaluation and control of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs).

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Ergonomics as a Social Component of Sustainable Lot-sizing: A Review

Periodica Polytechnica Social and Management Sciences ◽

10.3311/ppso.12286 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Sezen Korkulu ◽

Krisztián Bóna

Keyword(s):

Lot Sizing ◽

Social Sustainability ◽

Three Dimensions ◽

Work Related ◽

Planning And Control ◽

Social Component ◽

The Social ◽

Definition Of ◽

And Control

Lot-sizing has an increased attention in recent years. In the area of production planning and control, this trend has given rise to the development of lot-sizing models that considers sustainability issues besides the optimization of total operational cost. The study is based on tertiary study that is ensured to analyze the total work have been published. The research was conducted by the definition of appropriate keywords for understanding sustainability issues and ergonomics as a social component in lot-sizing. The paper at hand attempts to understand the development of sustainability issues in lot-sizing and ergonomics as a social component in lot-sizing. We observe that studies focusing on all three dimensions of sustainability are comparatively scarce. However, only a few of the studies have been covered the social sustainability aspect. It is observed that studies addressing ergonomics issues are scarce, and more focus is required on the social sustainability impacts along the supply chain and lot-sizing. Most of ergonomic assessment covered relaxation allowance and energy expenditure rate, OWAS, NIOSH and another consideration about ergonomic lot-sizing is the motion types investigated by authors which were picking, storing as a lifting and carrying motions and did not covered pushing, pulling, bending and other hand motions which have positive relationship with work related musculoskeletal disorders. Finally, we propose future directions to extend research on the ergonomics in lot-sizing.

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Phase Transformation Effects on Weld Distortion and Residual Stress Predictions

Volume 6: Materials and Fabrication ◽

10.1115/pvp2005-71631 ◽

2005 ◽

Author(s):

J. Oh ◽

F. W. Brust

Keyword(s):

Residual Stress ◽

Phase Transformation ◽

Computational Methods ◽

Process Development ◽

Constitutive Models ◽

Welding Process ◽

Welding Distortion ◽

Simulation Tools ◽

Weld Distortion ◽

And Control

Welding distortion and residual stress has remained one of the major challenges in manufacturing. Extensive experimental efforts have been made throughout the history of manufacturing to understand and control the welding distortion and residual stresses. Extensive work has also been reported in the past couple decades in using analytical and computational methods to predict and quantify the effect of distortion and residual stress during the welding process. Examples of industrial welding applications using computational methods which highlight the challenges and benefits of using analysis and simulation tools to improve the quality and reduce the time and cost of the welding process development and problem resolution are discussed in [1–3]. One issue with regard to computational weld modeling needing addressed is with regard to material modeling. Since material melts and re-solidifies during welding, the use of a proper ‘weld’ constitutive model is critical. In particular, one issue regarding weld constitutive models is the phase transformations which can be important in some materials during weld solidification. This paper addresses this issue and shows some examples where the phase transformation effect is of second order importance and discusses when it must be properly considered.

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Musculoskeletal Disorders

10.1093/oso/9780190662677.003.0023 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Carisa Harris-Adamson ◽

Stephen S. Bao ◽

Bradley Evanoff

Keyword(s):

Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽

Body Region ◽

Low Back ◽

Personal Factors ◽

Neck Disorders ◽

Physical Exposures ◽

And Control ◽

Ergonomic Interventions

This chapter describes the nature and magnitude of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) and their prevention and control. The incidence and severity of musculoskeletal disorders is described by body region and by occupation, and a conceptual model for the contributors and pathways to developing WRMSDs is described. Neck disorders and upper-extremity disorders as well as low back pain and lower-extremity disorders are described in detail, including evaluation, diagnosis, and prevention. Personal factors, physical exposures, and psychosocial stress that contribute to the development of WRMSDs are described. Ergonomic interventions to reduce or eliminate physical exposures are stressed as critically important preventive measures.

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