Sintering Powder Metal Injection Molded (MIM) Titanium Alloys: In Vacuum or Argon?

2016 ◽  
Vol 704 ◽  
pp. 113-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satyajit Banerjee ◽  
Claus J. Joens
Keyword(s):  
Powder Metallurgy ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Titanium Alloys ◽  
High Vacuum ◽  
Processing Conditions ◽  
Powder Metal ◽  
Interstitial Element ◽  
Vacuum Level ◽  
Injection Molded ◽  
Powder Metallurgy Route

Titanium alloys processed by the powder metallurgy route (PM) are sintered in vacuum, the higher the better. This philosophy is carried over to MIM titanium alloys. In the MIM process a large amount of out gassing of binders takes place, which affects the vacuum level and hence the interstitial element pick up in the titanium. In this paper the effect of gaseous material in vacuum is discussed and an alternate method of debinding and sintering in argon is proposed. Three processing conditions are applied to MIM tensile bars made from Ti-6-4 materials. First they are debound and sintered under high vacuum, second debound under argon and sintered in high vacuum and third debound and sintered in flowing argon. The physical properties and interstitial element contents are presented and the effects of the material structures due to different processing on the properties are discussed.

DURATECH PYROVAN HC

Alloy Digest ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 57 (7) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Powder Metallurgy ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Powder Metal ◽  
Steel Company ◽  
Specialty Steel

Abstract DuraTech Pyrovan HC is air hardened and has a combination of strength, wear resistance, and toughness for use in blanking and sizing dies. The alloy is made by powder metallurgy. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, and elasticity as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on heat treating, machining, and powder metal forms. Filing Code: TS-667. Producer or source: Latrobe Specialty Steel Company.

BÖHLER S692/S693 MICROCLEAN

Alloy Digest ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Powder Metallurgy ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Powder Metal ◽  
High Carbon ◽  
Low Sulfur ◽  
Machining Characteristics

Abstract Böhler (or Boehler) S692 Microclean is a high sulfur, high carbon PM M4, with higher manganese and 0.22 sulfur for improved machining characteristics, and is available in rounds greater than or equal to 64.16 mm (2.562 in.) diameter. S693 Microclean is the low sulfur version of high carbon PM M4, available in flats and small diameter rounds. PM refers to powder metallurgy. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, and elasticity. It also includes information on surface qualities as well as heat treating and powder metal forms. Filing Code: TS-739. Producer or source: Böhler Edelstahl GmbH & Company KG.

ANCORSTEEL 2000

Alloy Digest ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 59 (10) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Powder Metallurgy ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Production Process ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Molten Steel ◽  
Alloy Powder ◽  
Powder Metal ◽  
Metal Parts ◽  
Powder Production

Abstract Ancorsteel 2000 is a water atomized low-alloy powder metal containing Ni, Mo, and Mn and is useful in powder metal parts requiring greater hardenability. In the powder production process used to make Ancorsteel, molten steel is atomized into irregular, homogeneous particles which are then annealed to produce uniform, dependable steel powders. Ancorsteel grades are designed for powder metallurgy parts requiring densities exceeding 6.7 g/cm^3 (0.24 lb/in.^3). This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on powder metal forms. Filing Code: CS-157. Producer or source: Hoeganaes Corporation.

BÖHLER K490 MICROCLEAN

Alloy Digest ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Powder Metallurgy ◽  
North America ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tool Steel ◽  
Cold Work ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Powder Metal ◽  
High Toughness ◽  
Cold Work Tool Steel

Abstract Böhler (or Boehler) K490 Microclean is a PM cold work tool steel that has a combination of wear resistance and high toughness. It is made by powder metallurgy. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, and elasticity. It also includes information on wear resistance as well as heat treating and powder metal forms. Filing Code: TS-740. Producer or source: Böhler-Uddeholm North America. See also Alloy Digest TS-734, February 2016.

Shape Memory NiTi Alloys Obtained by Powder Metallurgy Route

2011 ◽  
Vol 672 ◽  
pp. 99-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Lucaci ◽  
M. Valeanu ◽  
Radu L. Orban ◽  
Violeta Tsakiris ◽  
Diana C. Cirstea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Powder Metallurgy ◽  
Beneficial Effect ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Processing Conditions ◽  
Reactive Sintering ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Niti Shape Memory Alloys ◽  
Powder Metallurgy Route

The effect of Fe, respective Cu, additions as substitute for Ni in NiTi shape memory alloys (SMAs) on the delaying of its phase transition and narrowing hysteresis are well known, NiTi-Fe and NiTi-Cu SMAs having applications especially to the actuators that require such properties. These SMAs are currently produced by conventional melting methods, which are energo-intensive and impose very severe processing conditions to avoid contamination. The results of researches presented in this paper prove the possibility of these SMAs obtaining by powder metallurgy via reactive sintering – more advantageous from both technical and economic point of view. A beneficial effect on both sintering and homogeneity of the obtained SMAs proved to have a controlled mechanical alloying applied to powder mixture before compacting and sintering.

Improvement of Tribological Properties by Titanium Nitride Deposition in Titanium Alloys Produced by Powder Metallurgy

2012 ◽  
Vol 727-728 ◽  
pp. 480-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo T. Galvani ◽  
V.A.R. Henriques ◽  
T.G. Lemos
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Powder Metallurgy ◽  
Titanium Nitride ◽  
Titanium Alloys ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Physical Vapor Deposition ◽  
High Vacuum ◽  
Hard Material ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Tin Films

Titanium nitride (TiN) is a hard material, often used as coating to improve the wear properties of titanium alloys in machining, implant and aerospace applications. Electron Beam Physical Vapor Deposition (EB-PVD) is a technique which a target anode is bombarded with an electron beam given off by a charged tungsten filament under high vacuum, producing a thin film in a substrate. In this work, results of TiN films depositions on Ti-13Nb-13Zr substrates by EB-PVD are studied. Titanium targets were obtained by a purified ingot and the substrates produced by powder metallurgy. Sintered samples of Ti-13Nb-13Zr and TiN layers were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Vickers microhardness and wear tests. The TiN films presented high hardness values, continuity and large thickness. The coatings improved the tribological properties of the substrate due to high adhesion and low wear rate.

NJZ BRASCO

Alloy Digest ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
New Jersey ◽  
Powder Metallurgy ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Dimensional Change ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Powder Metal ◽  
Cobalt Alloy ◽  
Copper Zinc

Abstract NJZ BRASCO is a powder metallurgy copper-zinc-cobalt alloy designed for use in the as-sintered condition. It provides sintered parts with substantially higher strength and hardness than conventional 70 copper/30 zinc brass P/M parts. Also, it undergoes significantly less dimensional change than 70/30 brass. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on heat treating, machining, and powder metal forms. Filing Code: Cu-293. Producer or source: New Jersey Zinc Company.

ANCORSTEEL 150 HP

Alloy Digest ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 59 (7) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Powder Metallurgy ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Production Process ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Molten Steel ◽  
Powder Metal ◽  
Base Powder ◽  
Powder Production ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract Ancorsteel 150 HP is a good base powder for a wide range of hybrid alloy systems. In the powder production process used to make Ancorsteel, molten steel is atomized into irregular, homogeneous particles which are then annealed to produce uniform, dependable steel powders. Ancorsteel grades are designed for powder metallurgy parts requiring densities exceeding 6.7 g/cm^3 (0.24 lb/in.^3). This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on powder metal forms. Filing Code: CS-154. Producer or source: Hoeganaes Corporation.

IN-861

Alloy Digest ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 23 (9) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Powder Metallurgy ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Elemental Powder ◽  
Powder Metal ◽  
International Nickel Company ◽  
Metallurgy Steel

Abstract IN-861 is a mixed elemental powder metallurgy steel designed for use in the as-sintered condition. It achieves its good mechanical properties by hardening during normal cooling in most commercial sintering furnaces. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, microstructure, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness and fatigue. It also includes information on heat treating, machining, and powder metal forms. Filing Code: SA-308. Producer or source: International Nickel Company Inc..

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