Thermoplastic Characteristics of Polymer Composite Materials Used for the Manufacture of Ship Systems Pipelines

2020 ◽  
Vol 869 ◽  
pp. 7-14
Author(s):  
Gia Viet Ngo

The article presents thermoplastic characteristics of polymer composite materials developed on domestic raw materials on a thermoplastic matrix-injection material of the VTP-7 brand based on polyaryl sulfones (polysulfone PSU) plastic and sheet material of the VKU-44 brand based on PSU and carbon unidirectional tape ELUR 0.08 PA. In the article, the author considered the modification method of thermoplastic polymers to impart functional properties and mechanisms of their action. It is shown that the developed materials have no analogues in the domestic industry. According to the level of physical and mechanical characteristics, fire-hazard properties and heat resistance, the developed polymer composite materials (PCM) fully meets the requirements for modern thermoplastic PCM, and is not inferior to foreign analogues.

Author(s):  
Д.В. Чащилов ◽  
А.А. Генина

Для полимерных композиционных материалов (ПКМ) с армирующим наполнителем из натуральных волокон одними из проблем являются оценка качества подготовки волокон и определение динамики взаимодействия волокон и полимерной матрицы. Актуальность проблем обусловлена расширяющимся объёмом исследований ПКМ с растительными волокнами и разнообразными видами и глубиной предварительной обработки растительных волокон. Предметом исследования выступил стандартный метод определения смачиваемости целлюлозных материалов. Цель экспериментального исследования – предложить модифицированный метод определения смачиваемости, потенциально пригодный для оценки качества подготовки армирующих наполнителей ПКМ из растительных волокон. Использован стандартный по ГОСТ и модифицированный метод определения смачиваемости. В качестве пробного материала использовали целлюлозу древесную, полубелёную сульфитную из хвойной древесины в форме целлюлозной папки. Образцы целлюлозы механически разрыхляли до элементарных волокон и испытывали на смачиваемость. Использовали три схемы испытаний – взвешивание стаканчика с навеской, погруженного в воду (схема 1), взвешивание сосуда с водой (схема 2), стандартную методику по ГОСТ (схема 3). По схемам 1 и 2 измерения проводили в течение до 120 секунд, по схеме 3 – 30 секунд. Эксперименты проводили в трёхкратной повторности. Сущность модифицированного метода определения смачиваемости основана на постоянном контроле массы навески по мере сорбции водной влаги. Полученные закономерности кинетики процесса показали, что количество водной влаги, впитываемой образцами, нелинейно меняется во времени. Величины смачиваемости, определённых по различным схемам, с учётом отклонений, соответствуют друг другу. Определение смачиваемости по модифицированному методу предложено проводить в течение 120 секунд, периодически контролируя показания весов. Предложенный модифицированный метод может быть использован в исследовательских целях для изучения динамики впитывания воды и сравнения поведения различных целлюлозных материалов для ПКМ с матрице на основе гидрофильных полимеров. For polymer composite materials (PCM) with a reinforcing filler made of natural fibers, one of the problems is to assess the quality of fiber preparation and determine the dynamics of the interaction of fibers and a poly-dimensional matrix. The urgency of the problems is due to the expanding volume of research on PCM with plant fibers and various types and depth of pretreatment of plant fibers. The subject of the study was a standard method for determining the wettability of cellulose materials. The purpose of the experimental study is to propose a modified method for determining wettability, potentially suitable for assessing the quality of preparation of reinforcing fillers of PCM from plant fibers. The standard GOST and modified method for determining wettability were used. As a test material, wood cellulose, semi-green sulfite from coniferous wood in the form of a cellulose folder was used. Cellulose samples were mechanically loosened to elementary fibers and tested for wettability. Three test schemes were used – weighing a cup with a suspension immersed in water (scheme 1), weighing a vessel with water (scheme 2), standard procedure according to GOST (scheme 3). According to schemes 1 and 2, measurements were carried out for up to 120 seconds, according to scheme 3 – 30 seconds. The experiments were carried out in threefold repetition. The essence of the modified method for determining the permeability is based on the constant control of the weight of the suspension as the sorption of water moisture. The obtained laws of the kinetics of the process showed that the amount of water moisture absorbed by the samples varies non-linearly over time. The wettability values determined according to various schemes, taking into account deviations, correspond to each other. The determination of wettability by the modified method is proposed to be carried out within 120 seconds, periodically monitoring the readings of the scales. The proposed modified method can be used for research purposes to study the dynamics of water absorption and compare the behavior of various cellulose materials for PCM with a matrix based on hydrophilic polymers.


2020 ◽  
pp. 188-200
Author(s):  
G. S Shipunov ◽  
M. A Baranov ◽  
A. S Nikiforov ◽  
D. V Golovin ◽  
A. A Tihonova

Currently, developments of the so-called Smart-constructions are relevant as they enable a real-time monitoring of changes in required values. Smart designs are widely used in the construction, automotive and aerospace industries. Technologies of creating products from polymer composite materials make it possible to introduce various sensors directly into the structure of a material, thereby create systems monitoring the state of structures. The most recommended for such implementation are fiber-optic sensors, which have a number of advantages over other sensors (luminescent, strain gauge, piezoelectric ones). However, when introducing the fiber-optic sensors, there is a number of difficulties, which are primarily associated with fragility of the optical fiber and lead to the breakdown of fiber-optic lines. As a result, it is necessary to develop a Smart-layer that will protect the optical fiber leads and will not significantly change the physical and mechanical characteristics. This paper aims to determine the stiffness and strength characteristics of samples made of polymer composite materials: reference samples, samples with embedded fiber-optic sensors, samples with embedded Smart-layers. In this work, a Smart-layer is understood as a coating that protects the fiber-optic sensors at the stage of implementation into a structure. The paper considers the following configurations of the Smart-layer: polymer reinforced mesh, polyamide and polyurethane layer. We analyzed and compared the influence of the embedded optical fiber and various configurations of the Smart-layer in the composite structure on the physicomechanical characteristics of the samples obtained under quasi-static loading (tension, compression, and interlayer shear). For a more detailed analysis of using the fiber-optic sensors and various configurations of the Smart-layer, the corresponding loads were simulated to assess their mechanical behavior. Based on the obtained physical and mechanical characteristics, a specific configuration of the Smart-layer was selected and justified for further researches.


Author(s):  
Прут ◽  
Eduard Prut ◽  
Черкашина ◽  
Natalya Cherkashina ◽  
Ястребинская ◽  
...  

This paper presents data on the development of polymer composite materials based on thermoplastic elastomers. As starting materials for the synthesis of the matrix components were selected as follows: isotactic polypropylene and ternary ethylene-propylene-diene elastomer (EPDM). Diene component in EPDM are ethylidene norbornene composition in an amount of 4-5%. Dynamic vulcanization was carried out using the elastomer element sulfur. The filler polymer composite materials used silica gel with dimethyl polysiloxane. Synthesis was carried out by filling the sol-gel technology. The filler content in the composite varied from 10 to 80% by weight. Mixing of filler and the matrix was performed in a laboratory twin-rotor mixer, type "Brabender". It is found that the maximum possible filler content of the matrix used was 80%. With the introduction of more filler mixing of the components it has been difficult. When the filler content from 10 to 70% of parameters such as tensile strength, flexural strength and modulus of longitudinal elasticity increasing and administered at higher filler and 80 wt%. markedly reduced. Thus, it can be concluded that the content of filler in the composite is 70%. Further research should be directed to the evaluation of the radiation resistance of the developed composite materials.


2021 ◽  
pp. 78-86
Author(s):  
A.E. Sorokin ◽  
◽  
V.A. Sagomonova ◽  
A.P. Petrova ◽  
L.V. Solovyanchik ◽  
...  

Various technologies for the production of prepregs based on a thermoplastic matrix and composite materials based on them are considered. Their advantages over the technologies of manufacturing polymer composite materials based on a thermosetting matrix are presented. It is shown that the use of melt technology allows the production of fiberglass with the highest level of strength characteristics. An algorithm for estimating residual stresses in a thermoplastic composite to optimize the technological process of producing complex products is described.


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