Surface Nanocrystallization of Low Carbon Steel Induced by Circulation Rolling Plastic Deformation

2005 ◽  
Vol 475-479 ◽  
pp. 133-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Min Fan ◽  
Bosen Zhou ◽  
Lin Zhu ◽  
Heng Zhi Wang ◽  
Jie Wen Huang
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Surface Layer ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Severe Plastic Deformation ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Surface Nanocrystallization ◽  
Average Grain Size ◽  
The Matrix

In this paper, the circulation rolling plastic deformation(CRPD) surface nanocrystallization technology is proposed based on the idea that the severe plastic deformation can induce grain refinement. The equipment of CRPD is designed and manufactured. A nanocrystallization surface layer was successfully obtained in a column sample of low carbon steel. The average grain size in the top surface layer is about 18 nm, and gradually increases with the distance from the surface. The hardness increases gradually from about 200HV0.1 in the matrix to about 600HV0.1 in the surface layer.

Effect of Annealing Temperature on Microstructure and Properties of Surface Nanocrystalline Structure in Low Carbon Steel Specimen

2007 ◽  
Vol 353-358 ◽  
pp. 1601-1604
Author(s):  
Xin Min Fan ◽  
Yan Jiao Ji ◽  
Jie Wen Huang
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Nanocrystalline Structure ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Steel Cylinder ◽  
Surface Nanocrystallization ◽  
Microstructure And Properties ◽  
Average Grain Size

Nanostructure surface layer was fabricated on a low carbon steel cylinder specimen by means of circulation rolling plastic deformation (CRPD), and the effect of annealing temperature on microstructure and properties of surface nanocrystalline structure was studied. The microstructure of the surface layer on the samples was observed by transmission electron microscopy and the microhardness variation along the depth was measured on the cross-sectional samples by using microhardness instrument. After CRPD treatment for 250min, the average grain size was about 10nm in the top surface layer and increased with an increment of the distance from the top surface. The surface nanocrystallization samples were annealed at 200°C, 300, 400°C and 500°C for 30min respectively. The nanocrystallization grain of surface layer did not grow for samples after annealed at 200°C and 300°C. After surface nanocrystallization by CRPD treatment the microhadness of top surface obviously increase from 220HV0.1 to 520HV0.1.

Effect of Post Annealing Treatment on Nano-Structured Low Carbon Steel Sheets Processed by Constrained Groove Pressing

2010 ◽  
Vol 667-669 ◽  
pp. 1009-1014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farzad Khodabakhshi ◽  
Mohsen Kazeminezhad ◽  
Mohammad Azarnush ◽  
Seyyed Hossein Miran
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Severe Plastic Deformation ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Annealing Process ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Steel Sheets ◽  
Post Annealing

There are many works on annealing process of SPDed bulk metals but there are limited works on annealing process of SPDed sheets. Therefore, in this study the annealing response after constrained groove pressing (CGP) of low carbon steel sheets has been investigated. These sheets are subjected to severe plastic deformation at room temperature by CGP method up to three passes. Nano-structured low carbon steel sheets produced by severe plastic deformation are annealed at temperature range of 100 to 600 °C for 20 min. The microstructural changes after deformation and annealing are studied by optical microscopy. The effects of CGP strain and annealing temperature on microstructure, strength and hardness evolutions of the nano-scale grained low carbon steel are examined. The results show that annealing phenomena can effectively improve the elongation of process sheets with preserving the hardness and mechanical strength. Also, a thermal stability of microstructure can be observed with annealing at a temperature range of 375–425 °C and 400 °C is achieved as an optimum annealing temperature. Microstructure after post-annealing at temperatures of higher than 600 °C shows abnormal grain growth.

Austenite Grain Size Refinement of Multi-Microalloyed Low Carbon Steel Using Severe Plastic Deformation at High Temperature

2016 ◽  
Vol 838-839 ◽  
pp. 440-444
Author(s):  
Xiang Wei Kong ◽  
Tian Zhong Sui ◽  
Zhi Yong Hu
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Severe Plastic Deformation ◽  
Hot Deformation ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Austenite Grain Size ◽  
Size Refinement ◽  
Austenite Grain

The effect of hot deformation behavior on austenite grain size refinement of low carbon multi-microalloyed steel was investigated. The morphology of austenite grains was revealed by thermal etching and observed using optical microscope. The results showed that single pass compression can only marginally refine austenite grain size by dynamic recrystallization, even under severe plastic deformation. However, when the specimens were held for a while after hot deformation, the fine austenite grain size can be obtained due to static recrystallization behavior.

EFFECT OF VELOCITY OF BALLS ON THE STRAIN AND STRESS OF LOW CARBON STEEL SURFACE LAYER DURING SMAT

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (06n07) ◽  
pp. 1924-1930 ◽  
Author(s):  
HUAYUN DU ◽  
YINGHUI WEI ◽  
HENGJIN ZHANG ◽  
WANMING LIN ◽  
LIFENG HOU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Surface Layer ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
Grain Refinement ◽  
Steel Surface ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Strain And Strain Rate ◽  
Carbon Steel Surface

By means of finite element method, the effect of velocity of balls on the strain and stress of low carbon steel surface layer during the course of surface mechanical attrition treatment (SMAT) are investigated. The effect of different impact velocity on strain rate and grain refinement mechanism is also analyzed. Calculation results confirm that there exists severe plastic deformation in the surface layer: strain, strain rate and stress gradually decrease along the depth of the treated sample during SMAT, which is in agreement with the microstructures observed in corresponding locations. Strain and strain rate play an important role in the grain refinement process and the resultant grain sizes upon plastic deformation.

Nanostructured Surface Layers In Low Carbon Steel and Pure Titanium Induced By High-Speed Rotating Wire-Wheel Deformation

2010 ◽  
Vol 97-101 ◽  
pp. 1352-1355
Author(s):  
Xin Min Fan ◽  
Fei Yan Liu ◽  
Jie Wen Huang
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Pure Titanium ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Commercially Pure Titanium ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Average Grain Size

A nanostructure surface layer was produced on low carbon steel and commercially pure titanium using high-speed rotating wire-wheel deformation (HRWD). The microstructural features of the surface layer were systematically characterized by cross-sectional optical microcopy observations, transmission electron microscopy, and microhadness measurement was conducted along the depth from top surface layer to matrix of the samples. The results show that nearly equiaxed nanocrystalline layer is formed on the surface of the low carbon steel and pure titanium, in which the average grain size is about 8 nm and 15 nm respectively. The microhardness of the top surface is enhanced obviously compared with that of the coarse-grained matrix.

scholarly journals Strain Hardening of Low-Carbon Steel in the Area of Jerky Flow

2021 ◽  
pp. 65-75
Author(s):  
І. О Vakulenko ◽  
D. M Bolotova ◽  
S. V Proidak ◽  
B Kurt ◽  
A. E Erdogdu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Strain Hardening ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Carbon Steels ◽  
Cold Plastic Deformation ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Jerky Flow ◽  
Ferrite Grain Size

Purpose. The aim of this work is to assess the effect of ferrite grain size of low-carbon steel on the development of strain hardening processes in the area of nucleation and propagation of deformation bands. Methodology. Low-carbon steels with a carbon content of 0.06–0.1% C in various structural states were used as the material for study. The sample for the study was a wire with a diameter of 1mm. The structural studies of the metal were carried out using an Epiquant light microscope. Ferrite grain size was determined using quantitative metallographic techniques. Different ferrite grain size was obtained as a result of combination of thermal and termo mechanical treatment. Vary by heating temperature and the cooling rate, using cold plastic deformation and subsequent annealing, made it possible to change the ferrite grain size at the level of two orders of magnitude. Deformation curves were obtained during stretching the samples on the Instron testing machine. Findings. Based on the analysis of stretching curves of low-carbon steels with different ferrite grain sizes, it has been established that the initiation and propagation of plastic deformation in the jerky flow area is accompanied by the development of strain hardening processes. The study of the nature of increase at dislocation density depending on ferrite grain size of low-carbon steel, starting from the moment of initiation of plastic deformation, confirmed the existence of relationship between the development of strain hardening at the area of jerky flow and the area of parabolic hardening curve. Originality. One of the reasons for decrease in Luders deformation with an increase of ferrite grain size of low-carbon steel is an increase in strain hardening indicator, which accelerates decomposition of uniform dislocations distribution in the front of deformation band. The flow stress during initiation of plastic deformation is determined by the additive contribution from the frictional stress of the crystal lattices, the state of ferrite grain boundaries, and the density of mobile dislocations. It was found that the size of dislocation cell increases in proportion to the diameter of ferrite grain, which facilitates the development of dislocation annihilation during plastic deformation. Practical value. Explanation of qualitative dependence of the influence of ferrite grain size of a low-carbon steel on the strain hardening degree and the magnitude of Luders deformation will make it possible to determine the optimal structural state of steels subjected to cold plastic deformation.

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