Template-Free Synthesis and Properties of Polyaniline Nanostructures Doped with Different Oxidants

2011 ◽  
Vol 688 ◽  
pp. 334-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
He Yang ◽  
Yun Ze Long ◽  
Hang Jun Ding
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Ammonium Persulfate ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Temperature Conductivity ◽  
Room Temperature Conductivity ◽  
Assembly Method ◽  
Temperature Dependence Of Conductivity ◽  
Template Free

In this work, we report on conducting polyaniline (PANI) nanostructures synthesized by a simplified template-free self-assembly method, which are doped with different oxidants such as ammonium persulfate (APS), FeCl3, Fe(NO3)3, and Fe2(SO4)3. It is found that the morphologies of the as-prepared PANI nanowires are dependent on the oxidant and the molar ratio of aniline to oxidant. The PANI nanostructures are semiconducting with room-temperature conductivity ranging from 10-2to 100S/cm, and the temperature dependence of conductivity follows three-dimensional Mott variable range hopping (3D Mott-VRH) model. In addition, the PANI pellets exhibit hydrophilic behavior.

scholarly journals Coaxially Aligned Polyaniline Nanofibers Doped with 3-Thiopheneacetic Acid through Interfacial Polymerization

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lixia Zhang ◽  
Geoffrey I. N. Waterhouse ◽  
Lijuan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Redox Potential ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Interfacial Polymerization ◽  
Ammonium Persulfate ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Visible Spectroscopy ◽  
Temperature Conductivity ◽  
Room Temperature Conductivity ◽  
Chloride Hexahydrate ◽  
Uv Visible

Coaxially aligned polyaniline (PANI) nanofibers doped with 3-thiopheneacetic acid (TAA) were chemically synthesized by the interfacial polymerization of aniline in the presence of TAA, using iron (III) chloride hexahydrate (FeCl3·6H2O) as the oxidant. The morphology, crystallinity, room temperature conductivity, and coaxial alignment of the PANI-TAA nanofibers were highly dependent on the organic solvent used for the interfacial polymerization, the oxidant, and also the molar ratio of the aniline to TAA. Hexane, diethyl ether, dichloromethane, chloroform, and acetone were used as the organic solvents, and chloroform proved to be the best solvent for the formation of PANI-TAA nanofibers. The redox potential of the oxidant is the key to controlling the morphology and diameter of the PANI-TAA nanofibers. The use of FeCl3as the oxidant leads to the formation of thin (∼50 nm) PANI-TAA nanofibers, which increased in length, crystallinity, conductivity, and coaxial alignment as the molar ratio of TAA to aniline was increased from 0.1 : 1 to 1 : 1. By comparison, only granular PANI was obtained when ammonium persulfate (APS), which has a higher redox potential, was used as the oxidant. The doping function of TAA in the PANI-TAA nanofibers was confirmed by means of FTIR and UV-Visible spectroscopy.

Synthesis and Characterization of Polyaniline Nanotubes Doped with Amino Acetic Acid

2012 ◽  
Vol 184-185 ◽  
pp. 1285-1288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue Lian Bai ◽  
Jian Ting Mei ◽  
Yun Bai ◽  
Zhong Guo Mu
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Ammonium Persulfate ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Structure And Property ◽  
Assembly Method ◽  
Doped Polyaniline

Doped polyaniline (PANI) nanostructure has been prepared at room temperature using amino acetic acid (AA) as dopant and ammonium persulfate (APS) as oxidant by a self-assembly method. The structure and property of polyaniline nanostructure were characterized by SEM, TEM，IR and X-ray diffraction (XRD) and applying the 4 probes method. The results showed the production was PANI. The effect of molar ratio of AA to An affected the morphology of the product and room template conductivity of the products were studied.

Synthesis and Characterization of Polyaniline Microspheres Doped with Ferrocene Sulfonic Acid

2007 ◽  
Vol 121-123 ◽  
pp. 215-218
Author(s):  
Dan Ming Chao ◽  
J.Y. Chen ◽  
Xiao Feng Lu ◽  
Wan Jin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Ammonium Persulfate ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Assembly Method ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Backbone Structure

With an average diameter of 300-500 nm, conducting microspheres of polyaniline (PANI) were synthesized successfully by a self-assembly method in the presence of ferrocene sulfonic acid (FcSO3H) as the dopant, and ammonium persulfate ((NH4)2S2O8) as the oxidant. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) proved that the microspheres of PANI- FcSO3H synthesized by a self-assembly process were hollow ones. And the backbone structure of obtained PANI- FcSO3H was characterized by FTIR spectrum. The effect of synthetic conditions, such as the molar ratio of FcSO3H to aniline (An) and the reaction temperature, on the morphology and size was also investigated.

Amorphous Si1-YGeY:H, F films obtained by Low Frequency PECVD for uncooled microbolometers

2004 ◽  
Vol 808 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Ambrosio ◽  
A. Torres ◽  
A. Kosarev ◽  
A. S. Abramov ◽  
A. Heredia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Temperature Conductivity ◽  
Room Temperature Conductivity ◽  
Sensing Material ◽  
Temperature Dependence Of Conductivity ◽  
Ir Transmission ◽  
High Absorption

ABSTRACTIn this work, we report the composition, optical, and electrical properties of a- Si1-YGeY: H, F films to be used as sensing layer in uncooled microbolometers. The a-Si1-YGeY films where Y is Ge content in solid phase were deposited by low frequency PECVD from SiH4 and GeF4 feed gases, and H2 and Ar were used for dilution. The film composition, IR transmission and temperature dependence of conductivity were measured. The reduction of conductivity activation energy from 0.86 eV to 0.39 eV and the increase of room temperature conductivity from 1x10−9 to 2.1×10−3 Ohm−1cm−1 were observed with the change of Y from 0 (Si) to 1(Ge). These results demonstrate this material to be a good candidate as a sensing material in uncooled micro-bolometers, due to its high absorption in the range of λ = 10-13 μm, its relatively high activation energy, Ea=0.4 eV, consequently, a high temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR), and moderate resistivity at room temperature.

scholarly journals Old Donors for New Molecular Conductors: Combining TMTSF and BEDT-TTF with Anionic (TaF6)1−x/(PF6)x Alloys

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 386
Author(s):  
Magali Allain ◽  
Cécile Mézière ◽  
Pascale Auban-Senzier ◽  
Narcis Avarvari
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystal ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Density Wave ◽  
Spin Density Wave ◽  
Orthorhombic Phase ◽  
Molecular Conductors ◽  
Bechgaard Salts ◽  
Temperature Conductivity ◽  
Room Temperature Conductivity ◽  
Resistivity Measurements

Tetramethyl-tetraselenafulvalene (TMTSF) and bis(ethylenedithio)-tetrathiafulvalene (BEDT-TTF) are flagship precursors in the field of molecular (super)conductors. The electrocrystallization of these donors in the presence of (n-Bu4N)TaF6 or mixtures of (n-Bu4N)TaF6 and (n-Bu4N)PF6 provided Bechgaard salts formulated as (TMTSF)2(TaF6)0.84(PF6)0.16, (TMTSF)2(TaF6)0.56(PF6)0.44, (TMTSF)2(TaF6)0.44(PF6)0.56 and (TMTSF)2(TaF6)0.12(PF6)0.88, together with the monoclinic and orthorhombic phases δm-(BEDT-TTF)2(TaF6)0.94(PF6)0.06 and δo-(BEDT-TTF)2(TaF6)0.43(PF6)0.57, respectively. The use of BEDT-TTF and a mixture of (n-Bu4N)TaF6/TaF5 afforded the 1:1 phase (BEDT-TTF)2(TaF6)2·CH2Cl2. The precise Ta/P ratio in the alloys has been determined by an accurate single crystal X-ray data analysis and was corroborated with solution 19F NMR measurements. In the previously unknown crystalline phase (BEDT-TTF)2(TaF6)2·CH2Cl2 the donors organize in dimers interacting laterally yet no organic-inorganic segregation is observed. Single crystal resistivity measurements on the TMTSF based materials show typical behavior of the Bechgaard phases with room temperature conductivity σ ≈ 100 S/cm and localization below 12 K indicative of a spin density wave transition. The orthorhombic phase δo-(BEDT-TTF)2(TaF6)0.43(PF6)0.57 is semiconducting with the room temperature conductivity estimated to be σ ≈ 0.16–0.5 S/cm while the compound (BEDT-TTF)2(TaF6)2·CH2Cl2 is also a semiconductor, yet with a much lower room temperature conductivity value of 0.001 to 0.0025 S/cm, in agreement with the +1 oxidation state and strong dimerization of the donors.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of Lithium-Ion Conductive LATP-LaPO4 Composites Using La2O3 Nano-Powder

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 3502
Author(s):  
Fangzhou Song ◽  
Masayoshi Uematsu ◽  
Takeshi Yabutsuka ◽  
Takeshi Yao ◽  
Shigeomi Takai
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Conduction Mechanism ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Temperature Conductivity ◽  
Room Temperature Conductivity ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Nano Powder ◽  
Powder Addition

LATP-based composite electrolytes were prepared by sintering the mixtures of LATP precursor and La2O3 nano-powder. Powder X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy suggest that La2O3 can react with LATP during sintering to form fine LaPO4 particles that are dispersed in the LATP matrix. The room temperature conductivity initially increases with La2O3 nano-powder addition showing the maximum of 0.69 mS∙cm−1 at 6 wt.%, above which, conductivity decreases with the introduction of La2O3. The activation energy of conductivity is not largely varied with the La2O3 content, suggesting that the conduction mechanism is essentially preserved despite LaPO4 dispersion. In comparison with the previously reported LATP-LLTO system, although some unidentified impurity slightly reduces the conductivity maximum, the fine dispersion of LaPO4 particles can be achieved in the LATP–La2O3 system.

Structure and Conductivity of Iodine-Doped C60 Thin Films

1994 ◽  
Vol 359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Chen ◽  
Haiyan Zhang ◽  
Baoqiong Chen ◽  
Shaoqi Peng ◽  
Ning Ke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Conductivity Measurements ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Temperature Conductivity ◽  
Room Temperature Conductivity ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Thermally Activated ◽  
Order Of Magnitude

ABSTRACTWe report here the results of our study on the properties of iodine-doped C60 thin films by IR and optical absorption, X-ray diffraction, and electrical conductivity measurements. The results show that there is no apparent structural change in the iodine-doped samples at room temperature in comparison with that of the undoped films. However, in the electrical conductivity measurements, an increase of more that one order of magnitude in the room temperature conductivity has been observed in the iodine-doped samples. In addition, while the conductivity of the undoped films shows thermally activated temperature dependence, the conductivity of the iodine-doped films was found to be constant over a fairly wide temperature range (from 20°C to 70°C) exhibiting a metallic feature.

Preparation and Characterization of Polyaniline Nanotubes Doped with Different Acid

2013 ◽  
Vol 401-403 ◽  
pp. 663-666
Author(s):  
Xue Lian Bai ◽  
Jian Ting Mei ◽  
Zhong Guo Mu ◽  
Yun Bai
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Ammonium Persulfate ◽  
Tetraacetic Acid ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Structure And Property ◽  
Assembly Method ◽  
Polyaniline Nanotubes

Polyaniline (PANI) nanotubes were synthesized separately using amino acetic acid (AA), ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), oxalic acid (OA) as dopant and ammonium persulfate (APS) as oxidant by a self-assembly method. SEM, TEM,FTIR and X-ray diffraction (XRD) and applying the 4 probes method characterized the morphology, structure and property of the product. It was found that nanotubes morphology were synthesized when the [Aci/[A ratio is 1:2.The room template conductivity of the products were studied.

Preparation and characterization of poly(styrenemethacrylic acid)/MCM-41 core/shell nanocomposite microspheres

e-Polymers ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yansheng Zhao ◽  
Xingji Ma ◽  
Yongmei Liu ◽  
Guangwei Yuan ◽  
Meijuan Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
Acidic Media ◽  
Assembly Method ◽  
20 Nm ◽  
Mcm 41

AbstractIn acidic media, poly(styrene-methacrylic acid)/MCM-41 [P(St- MAA)/MCM-41] core/shell microspheres were synthesized using monodisperse P(St-MAA) particles contained in soap-free emulsion and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide as co-templates by adsorption self-assembly method. The effects of P(St- MAA) composition on shell structure of the core/shell microspheres were investigated. The morphology and composition of P(St-MAA)/MCM-41 microspheres were characterized by TEM, XRD and FTIR. The results show that the ordering degree of MCM-41 shells increased as the molar ratio of MAA to St increased. When n(MAA)/n(St) is 0.2, the average diameter and the shell thickness of nanocomposite microspheres are about 170 nm and 20 nm, respectively.

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