Characterization of Natural Slip Materials Geologically Found in the North of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 798-799 ◽  
pp. 33-38
Author(s):  
Zélia Maria Peixoto Chrispim ◽  
Maria da Gloria Alves ◽  
Luciana Lezira Pereira de Almeida ◽  
Jonas Alexandre ◽  
Afonso Rangel Garcez de Azevedo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Ceramic Industry ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
The State ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Geological Materials ◽  
The North

Slip is a semifluid clayey type of material used in the ceramic industry for coating earthware products, such as bricks and tiles, thus providing distinct surface colors or patterns. In the present work a characterization was conducted to identify the mineralogical as well the chemical and physical properties of geological materials existing in the slip used by industries in the north region of the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The basic natural materials composing a slip, namely clay and kaolin, are responsible for changes not only the slip plasticity but also in its viscosity and adhesion to the surface of the ceramic piece. The slip characterization was performed in terms of particle size analysis, Atterberg limits and actual grain density. The chemical composition was obtained by X-ray fluorescence and the thermal properties by differential thermal analysis. The results indicated that marked differences exist between slip from distinct origins. A few slip samples failed to present the required properties.

scholarly journals Studies of new occurrences of bentonite clays in the State of Paraíba for use in water based drilling fluids

2013 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 485-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabelle A. Silva ◽  
Julliana Marques R. Costa ◽  
Romualdo R. Menezes ◽  
Heber S. Ferreira ◽  
Gelmires de A. Neves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bentonite Clay ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
The State ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Drilling Fluids ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Clay Deposits ◽  
Water Based ◽  
Bentonite Clays ◽  
New Occurrences

New bentonite clay deposits have recently been discovered in the state of Paraíba, mainly in the municipalities of Cubati and Pedra Lavrada, creating great expectations in view of the possibility of expanding industrial production using these new reserves. The aim of this study was to study the new occurrences of bentonite clay in Paraíba, particularly in the municipality of Pedra Lavrada, for use in water based drilling fluids. The mineralogical properties of the clays were characterized by particle size analysis using laser diffraction, and thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis, and its chemical composition was analyzed by X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, cation exchange capacity and specific surface area. The bentonite clays were treated with sodium carbonate at concentrations of 75, 100, 125, 150 and 175mEq/100g of dry clay, to transform them from polycationic to sodium form. For the technological characterization, drilling fluids were prepared according to the standards of Petrobras. The results indicated that the mineralogical composition of the samples consisted of montmorillonite, kaolinite and quartz. As for their rheological properties, the samples were found to partially meet the rheological requirements of the Petrobras standard.

Purification of Bentonite Clays from Cubati, PB, Brazil, for Diversified Applications

2014 ◽  
Vol 805 ◽  
pp. 486-491
Author(s):  
J.M.R. Figueirêdo ◽  
Juliana Melo Cartaxo ◽  
I.A. Silva ◽  
C.D. Silva ◽  
Gelmires Araújo Neves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Differential Thermal Analysis ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Laser Diffraction ◽  
The State ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Granulometric Analysis ◽  
Bentonite Clays

The State of Paraíba, Brazil, retains about 88.5% of all Brazilian bentonite, and much of this production comes from deposits in the District of Boa Vista, PB. Nevertheless, the deposits are almost depleted. Recently, new deposits were found, which will increases the reserves of the State, in the regions of Cubati and Pedra Lavrada, PB. The objective of this work is to characterize and develop purified clays, through sieving and hydrocycloning techniques, from those recently discovered bentonites for several applications. The characterization of the sample was done through granulometric analysis by laser diffraction, X-ray diffraction, chemical analysis by X-ray fluorescence, and thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis. The results show that the samples are typical of bentonite clays, and that the purification solely by hydrocyclone presents the best results.

Characterization and Granulometric Correction Soil for the Production of Soil-Cement Blocks for Two Method, Particle Size and X-Ray Florescence to be Inserted in Phase Change Materials (PCMS)

2014 ◽  
Vol 798-799 ◽  
pp. 355-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valter Bezerra Dantas ◽  
U.U. Gomes ◽  
A.B. Vital ◽  
G.S. Marinho ◽  
Ariadne de Souza Silva
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Liquid Limit ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Soil Cement

This paper presents the results of tests for characterization of soil samples collected in Mossoró-RN, UFERSA-RN Campus (5 ° 12'34 .68 "South latitude, 37 ° 19 '5.74 "west longitude), for the purpose of producing soil-cement for the manufacture of pressed blocks. Objective of improving the quality of soil-cement, and provide conditions for the use of the soil making it ideal for the production of soil-cement block. Tests of compaction, particle size analysis, plastic limit, liquid limit and correct particle size, X-ray fluorescence and morphology by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was concluded that the soil needs correction particle size, due to the high clay content. The method combined grading, sieving, sedimentation and blooming X-ray as the fastest and most accurate in correcting soil particle size.

scholarly journals Characterization of avian eggshell waste aiming its use in a ceramic wall tile paste

Cerâmica ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 52 (324) ◽  
pp. 240-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. N. Freire ◽  
J. N. F. Holanda
Keyword(s):  
Wall Tile ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Critical Question ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Waste Sample ◽  
Eggshell Waste

In Brazil, the food industry generates every year huge amounts of avian eggshell waste, and a critical question is to find an adequate use for this waste. The aim of this work is to determine the chemical, mineralogical and physical characteristics of a nonprocessed avian eggshell waste sample, as well as to investigate its use in wall tile paste. The sample was analyzed regarding to chemical composition, X-ray diffraction, morphology, particle size analysis, density, organic matter, soluble salts, and thermal analysis. The results indicated that the eggshell waste sample rich in CaCO3 can be used as an alternative raw material in the production of wall tile materials.

Mineralogy and chemistry of a new halloysite deposit from the Rio de Janeiro pegmatite province, south-eastern Brazil

Clay Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Victor Matheus Joaquim Salgado-Campos ◽  
Luiz Carlos Bertolino ◽  
Francisco José da Silva ◽  
Julio Cezar Mendes ◽  
Reiner Neumann
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Rietveld Method ◽  
Mineral Exploration ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Average Chemical Composition ◽  
Heavy Rare Earth Element ◽  
X Ray

Abstract Halloysite is a 1:1 dioctahedral clay mineral that has been studied widely for applications in nanotechnology and as a mineral exploration guide for recognizing regolith-hosted heavy rare earth element (HREE) deposits. In Brazil, pegmatites from the state of Rio de Janeiro have been catalogued, but their potential to host halloysite deposits has never been studied. After a mineral exploration programme, one pegmatite with considerable halloysite contents and economic potential was discovered. This study reports the mineralogical and chemical characterization of the halloysite of this pegmatite and evaluates the possibility of clay-adsorbed HREE deposits, like that in the Zudong (China) regolith-hosted HREE deposit. Seven samples were collected in horizontal channels. Bulk samples and clay fractions (<2 μm) were analysed by quantitative mineral analysis (X-ray diffraction/Rietveld method), chemical analysis (major elements by X-ray fluorescence and Y, U, Th and rare earth elements by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry), scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, particle-size analysis, nitrogen physisorption and cation-exchange capacity. Mixed polygonal/cylindrical halloysite-7Å in concentrations between 6.3 and 35.4 wt.% in bulk samples and between 58.0 and 89.8 wt.% in the clay fractions were identified in the pegmatite. The clay fractions presented an average chemical composition of 45.46 wt.% SiO2, 36.10 wt.% Al2O3, 14.62 wt.% loss on ignition and 1.04 wt.% Fe2O3, as well as technological properties close to those observed in world-class halloysite deposits such as Dragon Mine (USA) and Matauri Bay (New Zealand). The clay minerals did not present significant HREE contents.

scholarly journals CHARACTERIZATION OF KAPOK PERICARPIUM MICROCRYSTALLINE CELLULOSE PRODUCED OF ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS USING PURIFIED CELLULASE FROM TERMITE (MACROTERMES GILVUS)

2020 ◽  
pp. 7-14
Author(s):  
YULIANITA PRATIWI INDAH LESTARI ◽  
HERMAN SURYADI ◽  
MIRAJUNNISA ◽  
WIBOWO MANGUNWARDOYO ◽  
SUTRIYO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Microcrystalline Cellulose ◽  
Reference Product ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Clear Zone ◽  
X Ray

Objective: This study aimed to increase the yield of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) from kapok pericarpium alpha-cellulose produced by enzymatic hydrolysis using purified cellulase from Termites (Macrotermes gilvus) and to compare the characteristics with the reference product. Methods: In this research, MCC was prepared from kapok pericarpium powder through the chemical isolation process of alpha-cellulose, followed by enzymatic hydrolysis with purified cellulase from Macrotermes gilvus. The yield was improved by using purified cellulase in optimized temperature, pH, and hydrolysis time. Identification was carried out by using ZnCl and infrared spectrophotometry, followed by characterization of MCC include particle size analysis (PSA) and diffracto­gram pattern (X-Ray Diffraction). The results were compared with Avicel PH 101 as the reference product. Results: Purified cellulase from Macrotermes gilvus showed high cellulose activity. Cellulose in the concentration of 11.743 U/ml formed 49 mm clear zone area with cellulolytic index 7.16 that similar to the formed clear zone area of Trichoderma reesei (50 mm), the optimum hydrolysis condition was achieved at 50 °C, pH 6.0, in 2 h, which produced 80% yield of MCC. Produced MCC was analyzed with ZnCl and FTIR spectrum resulting in positive results, similar to reference. The results of the organoleptic test, particle size analysis, and diffracto­gram pattern (X-Ray Diffraction) showed crystalline characteristics of MCC is similar to the reference (Avicel PH 101). Conclusion: Cellulase Macrotermes gilvus yielded 80% MCC and higher enzymatic activity than Trichoderma reesei. Based on the organoleptic test, particle size analysis, and diffracto­gram pattern observation, MCC from kapok pericarpium has shown similar characteristics to reference (Avicel pH 101) and might be potential to be further developed.

Characterization of Granite Waste for Incorporation in Red Ceramic

2005 ◽  
Vol 498-499 ◽  
pp. 728-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Maurício Fontes Vieira ◽  
Sérgio Neves Monteiro
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Particles Size Distribution ◽  
Granite Powder ◽  
Alkaline Oxides

This work had as its objective the characterization of a granite powder waste from sawing operations with a view to its incorporation in red ceramic. The granite waste came from the municipal area of Santo Antônio de Pádua, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The characterization was performed in terms of chemical composition, particles size distribution, X-ray diffraction and thermal analysis (DTA/TG). The results indicate that the granite waste presents favorable characteristics for incorporation in red ceramic compositions due to its fine granulometry as well as a considerable fluxing potential related to its high amount of alkaline oxides.

scholarly journals CARACTERIZAÇÃO TECNOLÓGICA DAS ARGAMASSAS HISTÓRICAS DO MUSEU CASA RUI BARBOSA

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Pereira da Silva Dalto ◽  
Luanna Cavalcanti Rebecchi de Moura ◽  
Roberto Carlos da Conceição Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Diffraction Method ◽  
Carbonaceous Material ◽  
Thermal Characterization ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
X Rays

ResumoO edifício que abriga atualmente o Museu foi residência do jurista, escritor e político brasileiro Rui Barbosa de Oliveira e está localizado no bairro de Botafogo na cidade do Rio de Janeiro tombado pelo IPHAN. A construção data de 1850 e seu valor não se delimita apenas por ter abrigado Ruy Barbosa, mas também por ter sido cenário de grandes eventos sociais e políticos da época. O objetivo do presente trabalho é a caracterização de argamassas históricas do Museu Casa Rui Barbosa, por meio de análises petrográficas, mineralógicas, químicas, físicas, térmicas, granulométricas e reconstituição do traço usando método Teutonico, o mais difundido para argamassas históricas à base de cal. Todas as análises apresentaram resultados extremamente consistentes quanto à composição da argamassa. Por diferentes técnicas foi possível constatar que a maior parte das amostras analisadas é composta por areia (quartzo) e cal (calcita). As amostras também apresentaram outros minerais, em menor quantidade, como caulinita, microclina (feldspato) e muscovita (filossilicato). Foi possível ainda visualizar na microscopia óptica os minerais detectados pelo método de difração de raios-X com bastante definição de imagem. Quanto aos testes físicos, as argamassas apresentaram massa específica aparente seca 1,6 kg.m-³ e saturada de 1,9kg.m-³, enquanto a média de porosidade de 25% e absorção de água de 15%. Durante a caracterização térmica todas as argamassas apresentaram perfil de degradação similar e as maiores perdas de massa aconteceram em temperaturas acima de 600ºC, na faixa de decomposição do material carbonáceo (cerca de 8% em média). Além disso, a análise granulométrica apresentou curva característica de material rico em areia, corroborando com todas as outras análises. Sendo que, grande parte dessas partículas, está entre 0,6 e 2,0mm, sendo, portanto, areia grossa. A maioria das amostras apresentou a relação areia:cal de 4:1, mas também havia amostras com 1:1, 2:1 e 3:1. Mostrando assim que a relação areia:cal não é constante em todo o Museu, independente da fachada. Palavras Chave: argamassas históricas, caracterização, Museu Casa de Rui Barbosa  AbstractTECNOLOGIC CHARACTERIZATION OF HISTORICAL MORTARS FROM CASA RUI BARBOSA MUSEUM. The building that currently houses the Museum was the residence of a lawyer, a Brazilian writer and politician Ruy Barbosa de Oliveira and is located in Botafogo in the city of Rio de Janeiro. The Museum was built 1850 and its value not only defines for having sheltered Ruy Barbosa, but also for having been the scene of major social and political events of the time. The aim of this work is the characterization of historical mortars Museum Casa Rui Barbosa, using petrographic, mineralogical, chemical, physical, thermal, particle size analysis and reconstitution of the trace with Teutonico method, the most common for lime based mortar. All analyzes showed very consistent results regarding the composition of the mortar. For various techniques, the samples are composed of sand (quartz) and lime (calcite). The samples also showed other minerals, in smaller quantities, such as kaolinite, microcline (feldspar) and muscovite (phyllosilicate). The minerals detected by diffraction method of X-rays was possible observed by microscopy analysis. During the physical testing, the mortars showed apparent density 1.6 kg.m-³for saturated and 1.9 kg.m-³ for dry while the average porosity of 25% and 15% water absorption. The thermal characterization showed a similar degradation curve for all mortars and higher mass losses occurred at temperatures above 600°C, in the range of decomposition of the carbonaceous material (about 8% on average). Furthermore, the particle size analysis showed characteristic curve rich material sand, confirming others analyzes. Most of these particles is between 0.6 and 2.0mm, and therefore, sand (high diameter). Most samples showed the ratio sand:lime 3:1, but there were samples with 1:1, 2:1 and 4:1. It can be concluded through those ratios sand: lime is not constant throughout the museum, regardless of the façade.Keywords: historical mortar, characterization, Casa Rui Barbosa Museum.

Characterization of Marine Clay Under Microstructure Examination as a Potential Pozzolana

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 1026-1031
Author(s):  
Abdulaziz Abdulmalik ◽  
Nurul Amalina M. Sani ◽  
Azman Mohamed ◽  
Abdul Rahman Mohd. Sam ◽  
Jamilu Usman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Marine Clay ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Suitable Material ◽  
Microstructure Examination ◽  
Potential Use

Globally, marine clay is found in coastal areas. It is often regarded as a profitless material because it affects building foundations, dredging and replacing it with a more suitable material before construction is therefore inevitable. However, the dumping of this marine clay after excavation has become a major problem in most countries like Singapore where dumping of clay is prohibited. Thus, the quest towards determining its potential use for sustainability. In that regards, this paper seek to investigate the characterization of two marine clay samples under microstructure examination through particle size analysis (PSA), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), thermo gravimetric and differential thermal analysis (TGA/DTA) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) to study the microstructural features of the marine clay under magnification in an attempt to examine its potential use as a pozzolana. Characterization is a very important stage in order to know the characteristics of a material before the initiation of any necessary modification. From the microstructure analysis, the PSA revealed that the particles are in micro size with less than 35% of the materials retained when wet sieved on 45 μm sieve. The XRF showed the chemical compositions of the marine clay with dominance of aluminum oxide (Al2O3), silica oxide (SiO2) and ferric oxide (Fe2O3). These three oxides made up over 70% of the chemical constituents in both samples. From TGA/DTA, maximum weight loss occurred at the temperature range 400–650 °C and the percentage of kaolinite was determine to be 42.7% and 45.1% for S1 and S2 respectively. From the XRD, the structural pattern and crystal orientation of marine clay gave rise to a diffraction pattern showing a high intensity of quartz and kaolinite indicating yet again that the marine clay belongs to the kaolinite group with basic composition of aluminosilicate, hence can be used as a potential pozzolana.

scholarly journals POTENTIAL OF CELLULASE OF CHAETOMIUM GLOBOSUM FOR PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MICROCRYSTALLINE CELLULOSE FROM WATER HYACINTH (EICHHORNIA CRASSIPES)

2019 ◽  
pp. 140-146
Author(s):  
HERMAN SURYADI ◽  
YULIANITA PRATIWI INDAH LESTARI ◽  
MIRAJUNNISA ◽  
ARRY YANUAR
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Chaetomium Globosum ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Hydrolysis Time ◽  
X Ray

Objective: This study aimed to increase the yield of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) made from water hyacinth ɑ-cellulose by enzymatic hydrolysis by using purified enzyme and to find it’s characteristics compared to the reference. Methods: In this research, MCC was prepared from water hyacinth powder through the chemical isolation process of ɑ-cellulose, followed by enzymatic hydrolysis with purified cellulase from Chaetomium globosum. The yield of MCC was improved by using purified enzyme and optimization of temperature, pH, and hydrolysis time. Identification was carried out by using ZnCl and infrared spectrophotometry, followed by characterization of MCC include particle size analysis (PSA) and diffracto­gram pattern (X-Ray Diffraction) compared to reference Avicel PH 101. Results: Purified enzyme from Chaetomium globosum has high activity with a clear zone area of 45 mm with cellulolytic index 6.5 that almost same as Trichoderma reesei (50 mm), with the cellulase enzyme activity of 6.691 U/ml. The optimum condition was at a temperature of 50⁰C and pH 6.0 with the hydrolysis time of 2 h, which produced 95% yield of MCC. Identification with ZnCl and FTIR spectrum showed positive results, similar to the reference. The results of organoleptic test, particle size analysis, and diffracto­gram pattern (X-Ray Diffraction) showed crystalline characteristic similar to reference (Avicel PH 101). Conclusion: Enzyme from Chaetomium globosum has a higher activity of cellulase than Trichoderma reesei with MCC obtained was 95%. Based on the comparison of the organoleptic test, particle size analysis, and diffracto­gram pattern, MCC from water hyacinth has a great potential which showed similar characteristic to reference (Avicel pH 101).

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