Study on the Synthesis and Characterization of PANi/Nano-CeO2 Composites

2007 ◽  
Vol 124-126 ◽  
pp. 287-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Liu ◽  
Yong Jun He ◽  
Jeung Soo Huh
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Polymerization Reaction ◽  
Solid Phase Reaction ◽  
Phase Reaction ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Average Size

The nano-CeO2 was synthesized by two-step solid-phase reaction. The image of TEM showed that nano-CeO2 with an average size of about 70 nm. The series of polyaniline/nano-CeO2 composites with different PANi: CeO2 ratios were prepared by in-situ polymerization in the presence of hydrochloric acid (HCl) as dopant by adding nano-CeO2 into the polymerization reaction mixture of aniline. The composites obtained were characterized by FT-IR and UV-vis spectroscopy analysis. The FT-IR spectra of nanocomposites indicate different blue-shifts, attributed to C–N stretching mode for benzenoid unit. The UV-vis spectra of nanocomposites display einstein-shifts compared with PANi at 620nm. The conductivity properties of the composites are also changed compare to the pure PANi. These results suggest that the interactions between the polymer matrix and nanoparticles take place in polyaniline/nano- CeO2 composites.

Characterization of Structural and Chemical Properties of Silver Containing Hydroxyapatite Synthesized by Solid Phase Reaction

2016 ◽  
Vol 720 ◽  
pp. 3-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takayuki Murakami ◽  
Iwao Noda ◽  
Junji Ikeda ◽  
Atsushi Nakahira
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Xanes Spectrum ◽  
Metallic Silver ◽  
Solid Phase Reaction ◽  
Phase Reaction ◽  
Edge Structure ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ft Ir

In this study, we investigated the physical and chemical state changes of silver in silver-containing hydroxyapatite (AgHA) composites sintered at various heat treatment temperatures. AgHA composites were synthesized by a solid phase reaction at various temperatures using composite powder prepared by ball-milling commercial highly crystalline hydroxyapatite powder and commercial silver oxide powder. Structural characterization of AgHA was performed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES). The XRD measurement showed that peaks of metallic silver or other silver compounds disappeared at 800°C and reappeared at 1000°C. The a-axis of HA obtained by Rietveld analysis expanded drastically at 800°C. Furthermore, the SEM images showed that silver particles disappeared at 800°C and reappeared at 1000°C, as indicated by the XRD patterns. The XANES spectrum of Ag-L3 edge of AgHA sintered at 800°C was different compared to those of other references. These results suggested that calcium ions were substituted by silver ions in AgHA sintered at 800°C, according to the a-axis expansion of HA lattice caused by the substitution of hydroxyl ions by carbonate ions through the heat treatment, based on the FT-IR measurement. In addition, antibacterial tests showed that AgHA containing various chemical states of silver had good antibacterial activities in proportion to released amounts of silver.

scholarly journals Fe3O4@C Nanoparticles Synthesized by In Situ Solid-Phase Method for Removal of Methylene Blue

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 330
Author(s):  
Hengli Xiang ◽  
Genkuan Ren ◽  
Yanjun Zhong ◽  
Dehua Xu ◽  
Zhiye Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Phase Method ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
High Catalytic Activity ◽  
Solid Phase Reaction ◽  
Phase Reaction ◽  
High Concentrations

Fe3O4@C nanoparticles were prepared by an in situ, solid-phase reaction, without any precursor, using FeSO4, FeS2, and PVP K30 as raw materials. The nanoparticles were utilized to decolorize high concentrations methylene blue (MB). The results indicated that the maximum adsorption capacity of the Fe3O4@C nanoparticles was 18.52 mg/g, and that the adsorption process was exothermic. Additionally, by employing H2O2 as the initiator of a Fenton-like reaction, the removal efficiency of 100 mg/L MB reached ~99% with Fe3O4@C nanoparticles, while that of MB was only ~34% using pure Fe3O4 nanoparticles. The mechanism of H2O2 activated on the Fe3O4@C nanoparticles and the possible degradation pathways of MB are discussed. The Fe3O4@C nanoparticles retained high catalytic activity after five usage cycles. This work describes a facile method for producing Fe3O4@C nanoparticles with excellent catalytic reactivity, and therefore, represents a promising approach for the industrial production of Fe3O4@C nanoparticles for the treatment of high concentrations of dyes in wastewater.

Age constraints for rare felsic mantle xenoliths from Elie Ness, Scottish Midland Valley

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eszter Badenszki ◽  
J. Stephen Daly ◽  
Martin J. Whitehouse ◽  
Brian G. J. Upton
Keyword(s):  
Upper Mantle ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Mantle Xenoliths ◽  
Solid Phase Reaction ◽  
Phase Reaction ◽  
Magma Intrusion ◽  
Accessory Zircon ◽  
Complex Source ◽  
Age Constraints

<p>EN-101, a rare albitite [Pl +Fe-Ti oxide +Ap +Zrn] xenolith from Elie Ness, Scottish Midland Valley, is hosted by a c. 290 Ma old alkali basaltic diatreme [1, 2].  EN-101 is considered to belong to the Scottish “anorthoclasite suite” comprising xenoliths and megacrysts of various compositions which are interpreted as samples from the upper mantle – lower crust where they form (syenitic) vein or dyke-like bodies e.g., [3, 4, 5]. The “anorthoclasite suite” has been found in all Scottish terranes suggesting that the presumed dyke system must be extensive.</p><p>Xenoliths of the “anorthoclasite suite” primarily consist of Na-rich and Ca-poor feldspar megacrysts, with generally high Na/K ratios [3] that are typically accompanied by accessory zircon, apatite, biotite, magnetite and Fe-rich pyroxene whereas garnet and corundum with Nb-rich oxides are only occasionally present [3, 4, 5]. Upton et al. [4, 5] argued that the parental melt of the “anorthoclasite suite” formed though small–fraction melting of metasomatized mantle and subsequent melt–solid phase reaction was also involved.  Upton et al. [5] proposed that crystallization of the anorthoclasite suite samples occurred shortly prior to- or contemporaneously with their entrainment. However so far no in-situ dating has been carried out on these samples.</p><p>Early attempts to date the anorthoclasite suite using zircon and feldspar megacrysts from Elie Ness suggested at least a two-stage formation mechanism, where zircon megacrysts yielded a U-Pb age of c. 318 Ma, while euhedral feldspar xenocrysts are significantly younger and roughly coeval with the host volcanism yielding a K-Ar whole-rock age of c. 294 Ma [6].  In this study we present the first in situ U-Pb dating of zircon, which yielded a concordia age of 328 ± 2 Ma (MSWD=0.19; n=12) for EN-101. Zircons εHf<sub>328</sub> values range from +5.2 to +7.5 consistent with a mildly depleted source refreshed by metasomatism. These results may indicate that the proposed extensive syenitic veining within the Scottish upper mantle not only has a complex source [5], but is possibly the result of repeated episodes of magma intrusion.</p><p>References:</p><ol><li>Gernon, T.M. et al. 2013 Bulletin of Volcanology. 75:1-20.</li> <li>Gernon, T.M. et al. 2016 Lithos. 264:70-85.</li> <li>Aspen, P. et al. 1990 European Journal of Mineralogy 2:503-17.</li> <li>Upton, B.G.J. et al. 1990 Journal of Petrology.40:935-56.</li> <li>Upton, B.G.J. et al. 2009 Mineral Mag. 73:943-56.</li> <li>Macintyre, R.M. et al. 1981 Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Earth Sciences. 72:1-7.</li> </ol>

Synthesis and Characterization of Temperature-Sensitive TSPU/PNIPAAm Semi-IPN Polymer

2011 ◽  
Vol 399-401 ◽  
pp. 359-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Chun Wang ◽  
Zheng Wei Dai ◽  
Yuan Xue
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Structure ◽  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Phenyl Isocyanate ◽  
Chain Extender ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
Temperature Sensitive ◽  
Sensitive Material ◽  
Ft Ir

Thermo-sensitive polyurethane (TSPU) was synthesized from poly(ε-caprolactone) and 4,4’-methylenebis (phenyl isocyanate) by a two-step process with 1,4-butanediol as the chain extender. Following that, a novel temperature-sensitive material was created by the strategy of IPN from TSPU and PNIPAAm in the method of in situ polymerization. The chemical structure and thermo properties of the semi-IPN were characterized with FT-IR and DSC. The results prove that intensive inter-molecular interactions exist between TSPU and PNIPAAm chains, which have significant influence on the phase transition behaviors of the material. According to these results, the transition temperature of the semi-IPN can be adjusted in the range of 30~40 °C by controlling the composition of TSPU and the semi-IPNs.

scholarly journals Influence of sintering behavior on the microstructure and electrical properties of BaTiO3 lead-free ceramics from hydrothermal synthesized precursor nanoparticles

2021 ◽  
pp. 2150014
Author(s):  
Do Viet On ◽  
Le Dai Vuong ◽  
Truong Van Chuong ◽  
Dao Anh Quang ◽  
Ho Van Tuyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Phase ◽  
Hydrothermal Process ◽  
Synthesis Temperature ◽  
Lead Free ◽  
Sintering Behavior ◽  
Solid Phase Reaction ◽  
Phase Reaction ◽  
Spectroscopy Analysis ◽  
Lead Free Ceramics ◽  
Average Size

BaTiO3 nanoparticles were synthesized by hydrothermal method using amorphous phase TiO2 precursor as the Ti-source. The microstructure and phase structure were determined using XRD, SEM and Raman spectroscopy analysis results. The results showed that BaTiO3 nanoparticles have tetragonal structure, average size of about 100 nm was obtained at Ba/Ti ratio of 1.5, synthesis temperature of 200[Formula: see text]C and reaction time of 12 h. The components of the BaTiO3 lead-free ceramic system are fabricated by conventional solid-phase reaction from the average size BaTiO3 particles about 100 nm obtained by hydrothermal process. The effects of sintering behavior on dielectric, ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties of BT high-density ceramic were studied. The BaTiO3 ceramic composition sintered at 1300[Formula: see text]C has a relative density of 97%, the value of the electromechanical coefficient [Formula: see text] = 0.40, [Formula: see text] = 0.42, the large piezoelectric coefficient [Formula: see text] = 300 pC/N, [Formula: see text]125 pC/N.

scholarly journals Preparation and characterization of highly blue emitting fluorescent carbon nano-dots using Pongammia pinnata fresh leaves

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Govindaraju K ◽  
K. Vijai Anand ◽  
S. Muthamilselvan ◽  
M. Kannan ◽  
M. Elanchezhiyan
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Hydrothermal Technique ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Average Size ◽  
Soluble Carbon ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy

Abstract In this study, a simple environmental benign approach have been adopted for the preparation of highly luminescent (blue emitting) water soluble carbon nano-dots using Pongammia pinnata (Pp) leaves via hydrothermal technique. The prepared Pp-carbon nano- dots were characterized using UV-vis spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements. The Pp-carbon nano-dots are spherical in shape with an average size of 32 nm.

scholarly journals Структурные фазовые превращения при твердофазной реакции в тонких двухслойных пленках Al/Pt

2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (7) ◽  
pp. 1397
Author(s):  
Р.Р. Алтунин ◽  
Е.Т. Моисеенко ◽  
С.М. Жарков
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Electron Diffraction ◽  
Phase Transformations ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Structural Phase ◽  
Solid Phase Reaction ◽  
Phase Reaction ◽  
Formation Heat ◽  
Structural Phase Transformations

AbstractA sequence of phases forming during the solid-phase reaction in Al/Pt bilayer thin films has been investigated by in situ electron diffraction. It is shown that the amorphous PtAl_2 phase forms first during the solid-phase reaction initiated by heating. Upon further heating, PtAl_2, Pt_2Al_3, PtAl, and Pt_3Al crystalline phases sequentially form, which is qualitatively consistent with an effective formation heat model. The content of phases forming during the reaction has been quantitatively analyzed and the structural phase transformations have been examined.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of New Polyimide/Organoclay Nanocomposites Containing Benzophenone Moieties in the Main Chain

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalil Faghihi ◽  
Mostafa Ashouri ◽  
Akram Feyzi
Keyword(s):  
Main Chain ◽  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Nanocomposite Films ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy

<p>A series of nanocomposites consist of organic polyimide and organo-modified clay content varying from 0 to 5 wt%, were successfully prepared by in situ polymerization. Polyimide used as a matrix of nanocomposite was prepared through the reaction of 1,4-bis [4-aminophenoxy] butane (APB) and 3،3΄،4،4΄-benzophenone tetra carboxylic dianhydride (BTDA) in N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc). The resulting nanocomposite films were characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).</p>

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