Experimental Assessment of Ball Joints Operation Using Servo-Hydraulic Testing Systems

2015 ◽  
Vol 240 ◽  
pp. 232-237
Author(s):  
Tadeusz Szymczak ◽  
Adam Brodecki ◽  
Andrzej Eminger ◽  
Zbigniew L. Kowalewski ◽  
Dariusz Rudnik
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Loading ◽  
Tungsten Carbide ◽  
Hydraulic System ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Hydraulic Testing ◽  
Ball Joint ◽  
Wear Coefficient ◽  
Experimental Assessment ◽  
Ball Joints ◽  
Sliding Joints

The paper reports experimental results from tests carried out at room temperature on servo-hydraulic system dedicated for examination of the exploitation properties of rocker arms. The ball joint of this element was modified by an application of composite coating such as the tungsten carbide (WC). To apply cyclic loading to rocker arms the griping system was designed and elaborated. Results from tests performed on the composite coated ball joints were compared with data obtained for typical elements. Variations of the following parameters versus time i.e. force, temperature and surface topography of balls were analysed with respect to exploitation properties of the modified ball joints. An increase of the wear coefficient was achieved for sliding joints of the steel ball-steel cups coated by the WC.

No more rattling: biomechanical evaluation of a hexapod ring fixator free of play

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Greinwald ◽  
Emily K. Bliven ◽  
Alex Trompeter ◽  
Peter Augat
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Steel Frame ◽  
Ball Joint ◽  
Universal Joint ◽  
Ring Fixator ◽  
Low Weight ◽  
Biomechanical Evaluation ◽  
Axial Fracture ◽  
Ball Joints ◽  
Universal Joints

Abstract Hexapod-ring-fixators have a characteristic rattling sound during load changes due to play in the hexapod struts. This play is perceived as unpleasant by patients and can lead to frame instability. Using slotted-ball-instead of universal-joints for the ring-strut connection could potentially resolve this problem. The purpose of the study was to clarify if the use of slotted-ball-joints reduces play and also fracture gap movement. A hexapod-fixator with slotted-ball-joints and aluminum struts (Ball-Al) was compared to universal-joint-fixators with either aluminum (Uni Al) or steel struts (Uni Steel). Six fixator frames each were loaded in tension, compression, torsion, bending and shear and mechanical performance was analyzed in terms of movement, stiffness and play. The slotted-ball-joint fixator was the only system without measurable axial play (<0.01 mm) compared to Uni-Al (1.2 ± 0.1) mm and Uni-Steel (0.6 ± 0.2) mm (p≤0.001). In both shear directions the Uni-Al had the largest play (p≤0.014). The resulting axial fracture gap movements were similar for the two aluminum frames and up to 25% smaller for the steel frame, mainly due to the highest stiffness found for the Uni-Steel in all loading scenarios (p≤0.036). However, the Uni-Steel construct was also up to 29% (450 g) heavier and had fewer usable mounting holes. In conclusion, the slotted-ball-joints of the Ball-Al fixator reduced play and minimized shear movement in the fracture while maintaining low weight of the construct. The heavier and stiffer Uni-Steel fixator compensates for existing play with a higher overall stiffness.

Experimental assessment of bolted T‐stubs under cyclic loading

ce/papers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2-4) ◽  
pp. 1982-1991
Author(s):  
Sara Oliveira ◽  
Ricardo Costa ◽  
Carlos Rebelo ◽  
Luís Simões Silva
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Loading ◽  
Experimental Assessment

Room temperature solution processed tungsten carbide as an efficient hole extraction layer for organic photovoltaics

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (11) ◽  
pp. 3734-3740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Cui ◽  
Zhongwei Wu ◽  
Changhai Liu ◽  
Mingxing Wu ◽  
Tingli Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cell ◽  
Tungsten Carbide ◽  
Buffer Layer ◽  
Organic Photovoltaics ◽  
Organic Solar Cell ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Solution Processed ◽  
Anode Buffer Layer ◽  
Temperature Solution

We demonstrated tungsten carbide (WC) as an efficient anode buffer layer for a high-performance inverted organic solar cell.

Experimental Observation on the Uniaxial Cyclic Deformation Behaviour of TA16 Titanium Alloy

2011 ◽  
Vol 415-417 ◽  
pp. 2318-2321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Hua Kan ◽  
Wen Yi Yan ◽  
Guo Zheng Kang ◽  
Su Juan Guo
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Cyclic Loading ◽  
Cyclic Deformation ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Stress Ratio ◽  
Stress Amplitude ◽  
Deformation Behaviour ◽  
Ratcheting Strain ◽  
Number Of Cycles ◽  
Stable Material

The cyclic deformation including the ratcheting of TA16 titanium alloy was investigated experimentally at room temperature. Experimental results under symmetrical strain-controlled cyclic loading with various strain amplitudes show that the responded stress amplitude keeps almost unchanged with the increasing number of cycles. It is concluded that TA16 titanium alloy can be regarded as a cyclic stable material. Remarkable ratcheting was also observed under asymmetrical stress-controlled cyclic loading, i.e., ratcheting strain increases with the increasing number of cycles. The ratcheting strain strongly depends on the stress level and increases with the increase of applied mean stress, stress amplitude and stress ratio. These findings are useful to reasonably model the cyclic deformation of TA16 titanium alloy.

The Study of Effects of Temperature on Contact Strengths of Thick-Walled Cellular Solids

2010 ◽  
Vol 160-162 ◽  
pp. 1233-1238
Author(s):  
Fang Xie ◽  
Zuo Min Liu
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Hydraulic Testing ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Loading Capacity ◽  
Cellular Solids ◽  
Contact Strength ◽  
Effects Of Temperature

In order to investigate the effects of temperature on the contact strengths of the thick-walled cellular solids, materials of H59 brass was chosen for the preparation of cylindrical specimens which contain single pore, double pores, three pores and four pores respectively. The contact strengths of these specimens were determined in a YE-600 hydraulic testing machine at 20°C (room temperature) and 300°C respectively. The experimental results show that: the temperature had great effect on contact strength of the thick-walled cellular solids, mainly reflected in loading capacity and deformation, when the temperature increased from 20°C to 300°C, the loading capacity of the solids were reduced by 10.94 to 14.85% and the corresponding deformations were increased by 97.50 to 108.33%, which depended on the micro-pores structures. Furthermore, the effects of temperature on cracks out-look mainly reflected in cracks deepening with temperature. When the temperature increased from 20°C to 300°C, the depth of the cracks increased about 78 to 110%, which also depended on the micro-pores structures. However, temperature had little effect on the initiating position of the cracks for all micro-pores structures discussed from 20°C to 300°C.

TEM and SANS investigation of age hardened nimonic PE16 after cyclic loading at room temperature

1992 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 1023-1028 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Sundararaman ◽  
W. Chen ◽  
R.P. Wahi ◽  
A. Wiedenmann ◽  
W. Wagner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Loading ◽  
Room Temperature
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