Women and coronary disease: relationship between descriptors of signs and symptoms and diagnostic and treatment course

1998 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Penque ◽  
M Halm ◽  
M Smith ◽  
J Deutsch ◽  
M Van Roekel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Chest Pain ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
The United States ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Initial Symptom ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
To Receive

BACKGROUND: Heart disease is the No. 1 killer among women in the United States. Differences in the clinical features of coronary heart disease among men and women have been reported, along with various approaches to the diagnostic workup and therapeutic interventions. PURPOSE: To explore the relationship between descriptors of signs and symptoms of coronary heart disease and follow-up care and to investigate any differences between male and female patients. METHODS: Structured interviews with patients and chart audits were used to assess initial signs and symptoms, associated cardiac-related signs and symptoms, and the diagnostic tests and interventions used for treatment. The sample consisted of 98 patients (51 women and 47 men) who were admitted with a medical diagnosis of myocardial infarction. RESULTS: Chest pain was the most common sign or symptom reported by both men and women. The 4 most common associated signs and symptoms were identical in men and women: fatigue, rest pain, shortness of breath, and weakness. However, significantly more women than men reported loss of appetite, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, and back pain. Women were also less likely than men to have angiography and to receive i.v. nitroglycerin, heparin, and thrombolytic agents as part of acute management of myocardial infarction. CONCLUSION: Chest pain remains the initial symptom of acute myocardial infarction in both men and women. However, women may experience some different associated signs and symptoms than do men. Despite these similarities, men still are more likely than women to have angiography and to receive a number of therapies.

Typical and atypical clinical signs and symptoms of myocardial infarction and delayed seeking of professional care among blacks

1997 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
HO Lee
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Chest Pain ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
The United States ◽  
United States Department ◽  
Manual Search ◽  
Black Patients ◽  
Definitive Therapy ◽  
Clinical Signs And Symptoms

BACKGROUND: Despite the fact that the effectiveness of thrombolytic therapy for acute myocardial infarction is inversely related to the time between the onset of signs and symptoms and definitive therapy, long delays in seeking treatment have been reported consistently. A variety of reasons for the delays have been suggested. Because such delays are associated with longer hospital stays and higher mortality and morbidity, interventions that reduce delays are especially important. PURPOSE: To examine research on patients with myocardial infarction who delay seeking professional treatment and the factors related to the delay, and to review studies indicating that black patients have premonitory clinical signs and symptoms of myocardial infarction and changes in the structure and function of the cardiovascular system that are different from those in whites. METHODS: Studies were reviewed by using MEDLINE and by doing a manual search of relevant research journals in cardiovascular, nursing, and behavioral medicine published since 1970. Data published by the United States Department of Health and Human Services and the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research were also reviewed. RESULTS: Although the lengths of the delays have varied considerably, blacks have generally experienced longer delays than whites between acute onset of signs and symptoms of myocardial infarction and arrival at the emergency department. Studies show that black patients have a lower incidence of classic chest pain or discomfort but an increased incidence of dyspnea, whereas white patients are much more likely to complain of chest pain. CONCLUSION: Culturally sensitive public education about typical and atypical premonitory clinical signs and symptoms of myocardial infarction and the significance of early treatment of myocardial infarction in blacks is needed.

scholarly journals Chest pain and coronary heart disease mortality among older men and women in three communities.

Circulation ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 437-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Z LaCroix ◽  
J M Guralnik ◽  
J D Curb ◽  
R B Wallace ◽  
A M Ostfeld ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Chest Pain ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease Mortality ◽  
Older Men ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Disease Mortality ◽  
Older Men And Women

scholarly journals Physical exercise and Sport activities in patients with and without coronary heart disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Francavilla ◽  
Maurizio Giuseppe Abrignani ◽  
Annabella Braschi ◽  
Rosalba Sciacca ◽  
Vincenzo Christian Francavilla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Chest Pain ◽  
Average Distance ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Coronary Risk ◽  
The Third ◽  
Chronic Heart Disease

Background: The quantity and intensity of physical activity required for the primary prevention of coronary heart disease remain unclear. Therefore, we examined the association between physical activity and coronary risk. Methods: We studied 100 patients with chest pain, 78 men and 22 women, not older than 65 years, admitted to a coronary care unit. Patients were subdivided in 3 groups: the first group included patients with acute myocardial infarction, the second group included patients with chronic heart disease, the third included patients with non-ischemic chest-pain. A questionnaire on daily physical activity was filled by each patient. Results: A significantly higher percentage of patients with myocardial infarction and coronary heart disease had a sedentary life style compared to patients of the third group. Compared with subjects without heart disease, a significantly higher percentage of patients of the first and second group covered a daily average distance shorter than 500 meters, while a significantly inferior percentage covered a distance longer than 1 Km every day. A significantly lower percentage of patients with coronary heart disease practised sport compared with the third group. At the time of hospitalization a very small percentage of coronary heart disease patients still practised sport. Conclusions: The association between physical activity and reduced coronary risk is clear; in order to obtain benefits it is sufficient just walking every day. Regarding physical activity, continuity is important: patients, who practised sport only in juvenile age, breaking off when older, may lose the obtained advantages.

scholarly journals Google Trends Insights Into Reduced Acute Coronary Syndrome Admissions During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Infodemiology Study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Conor Senecal ◽  
Rajiv Gulati ◽  
Amir Lerman
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Chest Pain ◽  
Emergency Room ◽  
Google Trends ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Pain Symptoms

BACKGROUND During the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, a reduction in the presentation of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) has been noted in several countries. However, whether these trends reflect a reduction in ACS incidence or a decrease in emergency room visits is unknown. Using Google Trends, queries for chest pain that have previously been shown to closely correlate with coronary heart disease were compared with searches for myocardial infarction and COVID-19 symptoms. OBJECTIVE The current study evaluates if search terms (or topics) pertaining to chest pain symptoms correlate with the reported decrease in presentations of ACS. METHODS Google Trends data for search terms “chest pain,” “myocardial infarction,” “cough,” and “fever” were obtained from June 1, 2019, to May 31, 2020. Related queries were evaluated for a relationship to coronary heart disease. RESULTS Following the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, chest pain searches increased in all countries studied by at least 34% (USA <i>P</i>=.003, Spain <i>P</i>=.007, UK <i>P</i>=.001, Italy <i>P</i>=.002), while searches for myocardial infarction dropped or remained unchanged. Rising searches for chest pain included “coronavirus chest pain,” “home remedies for chest pain,” and “natural remedies for chest pain.” Searches on COVID-19 symptoms (eg, cough, fever) rose initially but returned to baseline while chest pain–related searches remained elevated throughout May. CONCLUSIONS Search engine queries for chest pain have risen during the pandemic as have related searches with alternative attribution for chest pain or home care for chest pain, suggesting that recent drops in ACS presentations may be due to patients avoiding the emergency room and potential treatment in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic.

State of the Heart: Building Science to Improve Women’s Cardiovascular Health

2006 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 556-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne G. Rosenfeld
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cardiovascular Research ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes ◽  
Psychosocial Influences ◽  
State Of The Science ◽  
Provider Bias

Cardiovascular disease is the No. 1 killer of women in the United States, and marked disparities in cardiovascular health exist between women and men and among groups of women. Coronary heart disease is underdiagnosed, undertreated, and underresearched in women. Women with suspected heart disease are less likely than men to receive indicated diagnostic tests and procedures; sex-based biases in treatment of myocardial infarction persist; and women continue to be underrepresented in cardiovascular research. An accumulating body of literature points to 3 major explanations: sex-based physiology, provider bias, and psychosocial influences. Women’s acute and prodromal signs and symptoms of myocardial infarction have been described, yet women have difficulty recognizing and acting on these indications. Primary and secondary prevention of heart disease in women is imperative; although the science is lacking in several areas, existing evidence on diet, hormone therapy, aspirin, physical activity and obesity, and diabetes can serve as the basis for interventions. Potentially, large impacts could be made on women’s morbidity and mortality if current scientific knowledge were implemented. The state of the science of women and heart disease is reviewed, with a focus on those areas with the greatest potential to address the needs of women’s cardiovascular status. Key gaps in the science and remaining questions are presented as a research agenda for the coming decade.

Ischemic Heart Disease

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhiram Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Death Rate ◽  
The United States ◽  
Ischemic Heart ◽  
Silent Ischemia ◽  
Variable Presentation

Ischemic heart disease, principally myocardial infarction, causes approximately 1 of 3 deaths in the United States, or nearly 800,000 deaths annually. The substantial decrease in the death rate from acute myocardial infarction that has occurred since 1970 is attributed to efforts in primary prevention and new interventions in the treatment of myocardial infarction. The variable presentation of patients with coronary heart disease includes patients who are asymptomatic (with or without silent ischemia), patients who have stable or unstable angina or myocardial infarction, and patients with sudden death.

Abstract P146: Trends in Recurrent Coronary Heart Disease Following Myocardial Infarction Among US Men and Women Between 2008 and 2016

Circulation ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 139 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanne A Peters ◽  
Lisandro D Colantonio ◽  
Hong Zhao ◽  
Vera Bittner ◽  
Michael Farkouh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Men And Women
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