PREY PREFERENCES OF ADULT AND IMMATURE ZETZELLIA MALI EWING (ACARI: STIGMAEIDAE) AND TYPHLODROMUS CAUDIGLANS SCHUSTER (ACARI: PHYTOSEIIDAE)

1993 ◽  
Vol 125 (5) ◽  
pp. 967-969 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Clements ◽  
Rudolf Harmsen
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Panonychus Ulmi ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Apple Orchards ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Phytoseiid Mites ◽  
Prey Preferences ◽  
Eriophyid Mites

Effective management of the interactions within the mite community is critical to biological control of economically damaging phytophagous mites such as Panonychus ulmi Koch (Tetranychidae) (Clements and Harmsen 1990). Although much is known about the potential role of phytoseiid mites in controlling P. ulmi (Dover et al. 1979), mites from at least seven other families may be present in apple orchards (Thistlewood 1991). Stigmaeid mites are predators which may play a beneficial role in biological control in conjunction with phytoseiids (Clements and Harmsen 1992). Eriophyid mites are phytophagous but seldom cause economic damage, and may compete with tetranychids and provide alternative food for predators of tetranychids (Croft and Hoying 1977).

PREDATORY BEHAVIOR AND PREY-STAGE PREFERENCES OF STIGMAEID AND PHYTOSEIID MITES AND THEIR POTENTIAL COMPATIBILITY IN BIOLOGICAL CONTROL

1990 ◽  
Vol 122 (2) ◽  
pp. 321-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Clements ◽  
Rudolf Harmsen
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Predatory Behavior ◽  
Panonychus Ulmi ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Phytoseiid Mites ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
European Red Mite ◽  
Prey Stage Preference ◽  
Mite Eggs

AbstractAlthough the role of phytoseiid mites as predators of the European red mite, Panonychus ulmi (Koch), on apple is well established, the role of another family of European red mite predators, the stigmaeids, is not as clearly understood. We compared predatory behavior and prey-stage preferences of the stigmaeid Zetzellia mali (Ewing) and the phytoseiid Typhlodromus caudiglans (Schuster) in the laboratory. The only predator–predator interaction we found to be potentially important was consumption of phytoseiid eggs by stigmaeids. Given a choice of equal numbers of both European red mite eggs and phytoseiid eggs, Z. mali consumed 38% phytoseiid eggs. Eggs and quiescent larval stages of European red mite were preferred by Z. mali, but active larval stages also were consumed. By contrast T. caudiglans preferred active forms to quiescent forms and eggs, and was able to consume adult forms. Although Z. mali was found to be slower, less active, and less voracious than T. caudiglans, Z. mali produced more eggs for a given number of prey consumed than did T. caudiglans. These behavioral and prey-stage preference differences should enable phytoseiids and stigmaeids to be compatible in the short term (within one generation).

Potential Role of Darvyadi Kwatha in the Management of Diabetes

The Healer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-86
Author(s):  
Shankar Gautam ◽  
Abhishek Upadhyay ◽  
Rashmi Mutha ◽  
BINOD KUMAR SINGH ◽  
Ram Kishor Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase

Diabetes is a clinical condition characterized by a spike in blood glucose in plasma. It is one of the 21st century's greatest public health crises and is among the top 10 causes of death worldwide. Although new drugs and therapeutics are emerging for its management but the prevalence is increasing at an alarming pace; thus, every system must contribute for effective management. An effort is made to review the efficacy and safety evaluation of the individual herbs of Darvyadi Kwatha (DK), an Ayurvedic formulation mentioned in Charaka Samhita. The constituents of the DK has some strong efficient antidiabetic/hypoglycaemic chemical principle having insulin-triggering and insulin-like behaviors which increases the activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) and glucokinase and decreases glucose-6-phosphatase activity, reduce oxidative stress and prevention of glutathione reductase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase activity play a critical role in glucose homeostasis. DK also improve biochemical parameters such as SGPT, SGOT, cholesterol and triglycerides and is found to be safe in animal experiments. The various evidences clearly indicates that DK has definite hypoglycemic potential as well as anti-diabetic activity.

The Role of Predators and Other Biotic Agents in Regulating the Population Density of Phytophagous Mites in Ontario Peach Orchards

1966 ◽  
Vol 98 (8) ◽  
pp. 808-820 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. L. Putman ◽  
D. H. C. Herne
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Tetranychus Urticae ◽  
Considerable Extent ◽  
Panonychus Ulmi ◽  
Apple Orchards ◽  
Rapid Population Growth ◽  
One Year ◽  
Heavy Mortality

AbstractMore than 40 species of insects and arachnids attack Panonychus ulmi (Koch), Tetranychus urticae Koch, T. canadensis (McGregor), Bryobia arborea Morgan and Anderson, or Aculus cornutus (Banks) in peach orchards of the Niagara Peninsula. The most effective predators attacking P. ulmi are Typhlodromus caudiglans Schuster, Haplothrips faurei Hood, Stethorus punctillum Weise, and Chrysopa spp. Peach orchards lack the predatory mirids characteristic of apple orchards. A condition, presumably disease, caused heavy mortality in one year. Endemic densities of P. ulmi are maintained in that state by predators, chiefly T. caudiglans, that subsist to a considerable extent on other sources of food, whereas epidemics of P. ulmi are reduced largely by other predators, chiefly H. faurei and S. punctillum, that increase in numbers by feeding on the mite during its period of rapid population growth but exert their greatest effect later in the season by destroying the winter eggs.

Biological Control of Phytophthora: The Potential Role of Mycoviruses

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 3984
Author(s):  
Shiwani Guleria Sharma ◽  
Mohit Sharma ◽  
Praveen Guleria
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Potential Role

BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF PANONYCHUS ULMI IN APPLE ORCHARDS IN LLEIDA (NE OF SPAIN)

1993 ◽  
pp. 267-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Avilla ◽  
D. Bosch ◽  
M.J. Sarasúa ◽  
J. Costa-Comelles
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Panonychus Ulmi ◽  
Apple Orchards

The potential role of pathogens in biological control

Nature ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 337 (6204) ◽  
pp. 262-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael E. Hochberg
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Potential Role

Effects of Increasing the Nitrogen Level of Apple Leaves on Mite and Predator Populations

1961 ◽  
Vol 93 (10) ◽  
pp. 924-927 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. T. Lord ◽  
D. K. R. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Population Balance ◽  
Panonychus Ulmi ◽  
Nitrogen Level ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Apple Orchards ◽  
Apple Leaves ◽  
European Red Mite ◽  
Major Pest ◽  
Predacious Species

Prior to 1950 the European red mite, Panonychus ulmi Koch, was a major pest in Nova Scotia apple orchards, and brown mite, Bryobia arborea M. and A., was practically non-existent. Lord (1949), showed that the sulphur fungicides, commonly in use up to that time, were detrimental to some of the predacious species and toxic to the brown mite. After 1950 red mite populations became negligible and, although the brown mites increased, they did not become sufficiently abundant to cause economic damage. This shift of population balance in Nova kotia orchards has been attributed to the gradual replacement of sulphur and other detrimental materials by pesticides less harmful to predators of the mites (Pickett 1953).

Interactions between Biological Control Efforts and Insecticide Applications in Tropical Rice Agroecosystems: The Potential Role of Intraguild Predation

1998 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
William F. Fagan ◽  
Arief Lukman Hakim ◽  
Hartjahyo Ariawan ◽  
Sri Yuliyantiningsih
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Intraguild Predation ◽  
Potential Role

Biological control of S-nitrosothiol reactivity: potential role of sigma-hole interactions

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 6595-6605
Author(s):  
Niloufar Hendinejad ◽  
Qadir K. Timerghazin
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Biological Control ◽  
Hydrogen Bonding ◽  
Lewis Acids ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Lewis Bases ◽  
Sigma Hole ◽  
Derivatives Of

S-Nitrosothiols, ubiquitous biological derivatives of nitric oxide, can engage in σ-hole/bonding with Lewis bases, which, in combination with hydrogen bonding with Lewis acids, could be the basis of enzymatic control of S-nitrosothiol reactions.

scholarly journals Current and Emerging Strategies for Prediction and Diagnosis of Prelabour Rupture of the Membranes: A Narrative Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 5-17
Author(s):  
Saadia Ghafoor
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Markers ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Emerging Trends ◽  
Foetal Membranes ◽  
Diagnostic Modalities

Prelabour rupture of membranes (PROM) refers to the disruption of foetal membranes before the onset of labour, resulting in the leakage of amniotic fluid. PROM complicates 3% and 8% of preterm and term pregnancies, respectively. Accurate and timely diagnosis is crucial for effective management to prevent adverse maternal- and foetal-outcomes. The diagnosis of equivocal PROM cases with traditional methods often becomes challenging in current obstetrics practice; therefore, various novel biochemical markers have emerged as promising diagnostic tools. This narrative review is sought to review the published data to understand the current and emerging trends in diagnostic modalities in term and preterm pregnancies complicated with PROM and the potential role of various markers for predicting preterm PROM (pPROM) and chorioamnionitis in women with pPROM.

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