Note on Fecundity of the Pea Aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris), Caged on Plants of Broad Bean, Vicia faba L., Treated with Various Plant Growth Regulators

The effect on insect populations of the widespread use of plant growth regulators and herbicides is a neglected field. Fox (1948) reported on a relationship between the use of 2,4-D and wireworm damage to wheat. Putnam (1949) suggested that 2,4-D could be an environmental factor in the ecology of grasshoppers. A recent report (Maxwell and Harwood, 1958) indicates that even slight dosages of 2,4-D increase the rate of reproduction of pea aphids on broad beans. This note is a preliminary report on similar investigations with the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris), and broad bean, Vicia faba L.

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EFFECTS OF AMITROLE, ZYTRON AND OTHER HERBICIDES OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS ON THE PEA APHID, ACYRTHOSIPHON PISUM (HARRIS), CAGED ON BROAD BEAN, VICIA FABA L.

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps61-055 ◽

1961 ◽

Vol 41 (2) ◽

pp. 413-417 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

A. G. Robinson

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Vicia Faba ◽

Plant Growth Regulators ◽

Growth Regulators ◽

Active Ingredient ◽

Acyrthosiphon Pisum ◽

Broad Bean ◽

Pea Aphid ◽

Toxic Effects ◽

Vicia Faba L

Thirty herbicides or plant growth regulators were tested against the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris), on broad bean, Vicia faba L. When amitrole at 300, 200 and 100 p.p.m. of active ingredient in water was absorbed by the roots, fecundity of the adults was reduced and mortality of their progeny was 100, 100 and 93.9 per cent respectively. No significant effects on fecundity occurred when amitrole was applied to the leaves or as a contact spray on adult aphids. When Zytron at 3,000, 2,000 and 1,000 p.p.m. of active ingredient in water was absorbed by the roots, mortality of adults was 100, 100 and 95 per cent and of their progeny 100, 100 and 98.6 per cent respectively. When Zytron was applied to the leaves at 8,000, 4,000 and 2,000 p.p.m. of active ingredient in water there was a mortality of adults of 85, 70 and 50 per cent and of nymphs 75.1, 45.4 and 29.9 per cent. The lower mortality of nymphs occurred over a 5-day period, indicating that the initial toxic effects from application to the leaves were soon lost. Mortality of nymphs refers to young aphids born alive and killed by the toxic effects of amitrole or Zytron. Twenty-seven of the chemicals showed no effects on aphids caged on treated plants.

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FABA BEAN: LOW RESISTANCE TO PEA APHIDS, ACYRTHOSIPHON PISUM (HOMOPTERA: APHIDIDAE), IN ELEVEN CULTIVARS

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps76-074 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 56 (3) ◽

pp. 451-453 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

B. D. FRAZER ◽

D. RAWORTH ◽

T. GOSSARD

Keyword(s):

Vicia Faba ◽

Faba Bean ◽

Acyrthosiphon Pisum ◽

Broad Bean ◽

Developmental Rate ◽

Low Resistance ◽

Pea Aphids ◽

Vicia Faba L ◽

Faba Beans

Eleven cultivars of faba beans and one of broad bean (Vicia faba L.) were bioassayed for resistance to pea aphids (Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris)) by determining the fecundity, survival and developmental rate of the aphid on each cultivar. None of the cultivars tested, including the three licensed for production in Canada, possess any significant resistance, although they differ in susceptibility.

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Protein Mobilization and Proteolytic Enzyme Activities during Seed Germination of Broad Bean (Vicia faba L.)

Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C ◽

10.1515/znc-2006-3-411 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 61 (3-4) ◽

pp. 222-226 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Serap Kırmızı ◽

Gürcan Güleryüz

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Vicia Faba ◽

Plant Growth Regulators ◽

Growth Regulators ◽

Embryonic Axis ◽

Total Soluble Protein ◽

Aminopeptidase Activity ◽

Endopeptidase Activity ◽

Protein Mobilization ◽

Vicia Faba L

The protein mobilization from attached and detached seeds of Vicia faba L. cv. Eresen 87 (Fabaceae) was investigated. While the total soluble protein content decreased, the free amino acid content increased during the 7 days germination period. Among the three proteolytic enzymes, only endopeptidase activity was found to be affected by the removal of the embryonic axis. Leucine aminopeptidase activity was high at the beginning, then it decreased; carboxypeptidase activity reached the highest value at day 5. In order to examine the effects of plant growth regulators on detached cotyledons incubated with plant growth regulators [10−4 ᴍ benzyladenine (BA), gibberellic acid (GA3), indole acetic acid (IAA) and 10−5 ᴍ abscisic acid (ABA)], only benzyladenine was found promotive on protein mobilization. Our results suggest that the removal of the embryonic axis in seeds of Vicia faba L. cv. Eresen 87 decreases protein mobilization and endopeptidase activity.

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Effect of Maleic Hydrazide and Other Plant Growth Regulators on the Pea Aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris), Caged on Broad Bean, Vicia faba L

The Canadian Entomologist ◽

10.4039/ent92494-7 ◽

1960 ◽

Vol 92 (7) ◽

pp. 494-499 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

A. G. Robinson

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Vicia Faba ◽

Acyrthosiphon Pisum ◽

Maleic Hydrazide ◽

Broad Bean ◽

Pea Aphid ◽

Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽

Root Absorption ◽

Chlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽

2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

In a preliminary report (Robinson, 1959) it was shown that the plant growth regulator maleic hydrazide (MH) caused both nymphal mortality and reduced fecundity to the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris), caged on treated broad bean, Vicia faba L. It was also stated that 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T), and 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (MCPA), applied by root absorption to broad bean had no effect on adult or nymphal mortality, or fecundity of adult A. pisum, at the rates used.

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INFLUENCE OF STARVATION ON DEVELOPMENT AND REPRODUCTION IN APTEROUS VIRGINOPARAE OF THE PEA APHID, ACYRTHOSIPHON PISUM (HARRIS) (HOMOPTERA: APHIDIDAE)

The Canadian Entomologist ◽

10.4039/ent12487-1 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 124 (1) ◽

pp. 87-95 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

K.L. Kouamé ◽

M. Mackauer

Keyword(s):

Vicia Faba ◽

Acyrthosiphon Pisum ◽

Reproductive Investment ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Pea Aphid ◽

Nutrient Loss ◽

Adult Weight ◽

Pea Aphids ◽

Wet Weight ◽

Growth Development

AbstractThe influence of nutrient stress on growth, development, and reproduction in apterous virginoparae of the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris), was investigated in the laboratory. We tested the hypothesis that species with a high reproductive investment have low resistance to starvation. Aphids in two groups were starved daily from birth for 4 h and 6 h, respectively, and compared with feeding counterparts reared on leaves of broad beans, Vicia faba L. Aphid wet weight increased as an exponential function of age in all groups. Starved aphids had lower adult weight and required longer from birth to parturition than feeding aphids. These effects increased with the length of daily starvation. The number of offspring produced was correlated with adult dry weight. Aphids were unable to compensate, or to compensate completely, for water and nutrient loss resulting from starvation. It is suggested that pea aphids allocate resources first to maintenance and then to reproduction when deprived of food.

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Marking aphids with rubidium

Canadian Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1139/z74-151 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 52 (9) ◽

pp. 1135-1136 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

B. D. Frazer ◽

D. A. Raworth

Keyword(s):

Atomic Absorption ◽

Acyrthosiphon Pisum ◽

Broad Bean ◽

Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽

Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽

Bean Plants ◽

Pea Aphids ◽

Vicia Faba L ◽

Source Plant ◽

Nutrient Solutions

Pea aphids (Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris)) were marked with rubidium by rearing them on broad bean plants (Vicia faba L.) maintained in nutrient solutions that contained rubidium chloride. Rb+ was readily detected by atomic absorption spectrophotometry in groups of aphids, and it varied in concentration with the concentration in the plant. A technique was developed for the preparation and analysis of single aphids marked with Rb+. More than 77% of the Rb+ in marked adult aphids was lost within 2 days of leaving the source plant, but detectable quantities remained for 4 days.

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