A New Family of Trichoptera from Asia

1959 ◽  
Vol 91 (12) ◽  
pp. 745-757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenn B. Wiggins
Keyword(s):  
New Genus ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Single Male ◽  
Male Specimen ◽  
The Past ◽  
New Family ◽  
The Family

In 1906 Nathan Banks described a species, Phryganea latipennis, based on a single male specimen which he had received in a collection of caddisflies from Japan. Assignment of this species to the family Phryganeidae has always seemed the logical course because the adults possessed the typical phryganeid characters of ocelli, four-segmented maxilary palpi in the male, and five-segmented palpi in the female, with a tibia1 spur cout of 2, 4, 4. That the species was a phryganeid has never been questioned in the past, and in a preliminary revision of the familyPhrygancidae, Martynov (1924) created a new genus Phryganopsis for the single species latipennis Banks . A second species, cornuta, from Burma, was added to the genus by Kimmins (1950). It was not until 1951 that the larva and case of P. latipennis were figured and briefly described by Tsuda. This was the first published information on the immature stages of the genus, and the structures of the pupa have still not been made known.

Studies on Australian Cubomedusae, Including a New Genus and Species Apparently Harmful to Man

1956 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 254 ◽  
Author(s):  
RV Southcott
Keyword(s):  
Unknown Function ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Primitive Form ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Family ◽  
Narrow Ridge ◽  
Chironex Fleckeri

A series of large Cubomedusae from northern Australian seas-Darwin and north Queensland-has been examined. These are of a single species, described here as Chironex fleckeri, gen. nov., sp. nov. Morphological and systematic studies have been made. It is shown that the system of gonads is markedly different from that obtaining in other Cubomedusae, in which the gonads are leaf-like lamellae that arise at the interradial septum and project into the perradial stomach pouches. In Chironex, only a narrow ridge is present at the interradial septum in the same situation, at most about 0.4 mm wide, and the gonads are lobulated structures that arise alongside the perradial suspensoria, high in the bell cavity, and project into the bell cavity. This structure is also present in the genus Chiropsalmus, but in more primitive form, and in the past has been called the "gastric saccule", of unknown function. It is apparently absent (judging by the literature) in other Cubornedusae. The histology of the gonads and other relevant features in Chironex fleckeri are described. The term "superior gonad" is introduced for what has hitherto been called the "gastric saccule", and the term "lateral gonad" is used for the structure arising at the interradius in the perradial stomach pouches. The systematics of the Cubomedusae are reviewed in the light of the differences in the gonads. The family Chironecldae, fam. nov., is raised for Chironex, gen. nov. The genus Chiropsoides, nom. nov., is proposed for Drepanochirus Krumbach, 1925 (non Pringuey 1901 preoc.), and hence Chiropsoididae, nom. nov., for the family Drepanochiridae Krumbach, 1925. The clinical effects of the stingings of Cubomedusae on man are considered briefly, where relevant. It is probable that Chironex fleckeri is responsible for severe stingings and deaths of humans in northern Austrahan waters, but dlrect proof of this hypothesis is lacking.

A new genus and new species assigned to Macrophthalmidae (Decapoda: Brachyura: Thoracotremata) from the Ryukyu Islands, Japan

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4531 (1) ◽  
pp. 109 ◽  
Author(s):  
TOMOYUKI KOMAI ◽  
YOSHIHISA FUJITA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Ryukyu Islands ◽  
Single Male ◽  
Male Specimen ◽  
Ishigaki Island ◽  
The Ryukyu Islands ◽  
The Family

Mirograpsus asper is described as a new genus and new species in the subfamily Ilyograpsinae Števčić, 2005, of the family Macrophthalmidae Dana, 1851, on the basis of a single male specimen from Ishigaki Island, Ryukyu Islands, Japan. The new genus most closely resembles the monotypic Apograpsus Komai & Wada, 2008 (type species, Ilyograpsus paantu Naruse & Kishino, 2006), sharing a similar carapace shape, but is differentiated chiefly by the fusion of the male pleomeres 4–6 and the unarmed meri of the ambulatory legs. The functional fusion of the male pleomeres 4–6 is unique in the Macrophthalmidae. 

Early Paleozoic Hyolitha from North America: reexamination of Walcott's and Resser's type specimens

1988 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Mark Malinky
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Lower Cambrian ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Early Paleozoic ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Middle Cambrian ◽  
Upper Cambrian ◽  
New Family ◽  
The Family

Concepts of the family Hyolithidae Nicholson fide Fisher and the genera Hyolithes Eichwald and Orthotheca Novak have been expanded through time to encompass a variety of morphologically dissimilar shells. The Hyolithidae is here considered to include only those hyolithid species which have a rounded (convex) dorsum; slopes on the dorsum are inflated, and the venter may be flat or slightly inflated. Hyolithes encompasses species which possess a low dorsum and a prominent longitudinal sulcus along each edge of the dorsum; the ligula is short and the apertural rim is flared. The emended concept of Orthotheca includes only those species of orthothecid hyoliths which have a subtriangular transverse outline and longitudinal lirae covering the shell on both dorsum and venter.Eighteen species of Hyolithes and one species of Orthotheca from the Appalachian region and Western Interior were reexamined in light of more modern taxonomic concepts and standards of quality for type material. Reexamination of type specimens of H. similis Walcott from the Lower Cambrian of Newfoundland, H. whitei Resser from the Lower Cambrian of Nevada, H. billingsi Walcott from the Lower Cambrian of Nevada, H. gallatinensis Resser from the Upper Cambrian of Wyoming, and H. partitus Resser from the Middle Cambrian of Alabama indicates that none of these species represents Hyolithes. Hyolithes similis is here included under the new genus Similotheca, in the new family Similothecidae. Hyolithes whitei is designated as the type species of the new genus Nevadotheca, to which H. billingsi may also belong. Hyolithes gallatinensis is referred to Burithes Missarzhevsky with question, and H. partitus may represent Joachimilites Marek. The type or types of H. attenuatus Walcott, H. cecrops Walcott, H. comptus Howell, H. cowanensis Resser, H. curticei Resser, H. idahoensis Resser, H. prolixus Resser, H. resseri Howell, H. shaleri Walcott, H. terranovicus Walcott, and H. wanneri Resser and Howell lack shells and/or other taxonomically important features such as a complete aperture, rendering the diagnoses of these species incomplete. Their names should only be used for the type specimens until better preserved topotypes become available for study. Morphology of the types of H.? corrugatus Walcott and “Orthotheca” sola Resser does not support placement in the Hyolitha; the affinities of these species are uncertain.

Applanodictyosporous Pleosporales: Clathrospora, Comoclathris, GraphyIlium, Macrospora, and Platysporoides

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (8) ◽  
pp. 1617-1658 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Shoemaker ◽  
C. E. Babcock
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
New Genus ◽  
New Family ◽  
The Family

Six genera of the order Pleosporales are revised taxonomically. Although five genera have unusual applanate ascospores, they are members of three different families. Clathrospora (10 species, 2 new), Comoclathris (21 species, 7 new), and Macrospora (3 species) are placed in a new family Diademaceae in which the ascoma opening is a characteristic flat circular lid. Diademosa, a new genus with one species with terete ascospores is placed in Diademaceae. Graphyllium (3 species) is placed in the family Hysteriaceae characterized by hysterothecia with a slit-like opening. Platysporoides n.gen. (11 species, 1 new) is maintained in the Pleosporaceae because of the terete pored beak of the ascomata. Key words: Pleosporales, applanate ascospores, Clathrospora, Comoclathris, Macrospora, Diademosa, Graphyllium, Platysporoides.

Protohemiphlebiidae fam. nov., a stem hemiphlebioid damselfly from Cretaceous amber in Kachin

2021 ◽  
pp. SP521-2020-249
Author(s):  
Daran Zheng ◽  
Edmund A. Jarzembowski ◽  
De Zhuo ◽  
André Nel
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Late Jurassic ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Early Evolution ◽  
Relict Species ◽  
Wing Base ◽  
New Family ◽  
Stem Group ◽  
The Family

AbstractHemiphlebiidae are the most basal lestomorphan family following the latest phylogenetic analysis of the Zygoptera: this unique damselfly family today contains one relict species found in the wetlands of Australia. It was, however, very diverse and widespread during the Mesozoic. Nevertheless, very few species were known obscuring the origination and early evolution of the family. Here we propose a new stem hemiphlebioid taxon (Protohemiphlebiidae Zheng, Jarzembowski & Nel, fam. nov.) based on a new genus and two species: Protohemiphlebia zhangi Zheng, Jarzembowski & Nel, sp. nov. and Protohemiphlebia meiyingae Zheng, Jarzembowski & Nel, sp. nov. The new family shares the characters of both Hemiphlebiidae and Coenagrionoidea, but it is more closely related to Hemiphlebiidae in having the pterostigma with a ‘star-shaped’ microsculpture, and AA originating from the wing base slightly distal of Ax0. Protohemiphlebia Zheng, Jarzembowski & Nel, gen. nov. is further considered to belong to the stem group of Hemiphlebioidea, instead of belonging to the Hemiphlebiidae, in possessing pretibial combs and a weakly kinked RP1 below the Pt-brace. The new damselflies will help to calibrate the origin of Hemiphlebiidae, which could be earlier than their current oldest records in the Kimmeridgean (Late Jurassic).

scholarly journals A rare case of an evolutionary late and ephemeral biomineralization: tunicates with composite calcareous skeletons

2020 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 748-757
Author(s):  
Jobst Wendt
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Lower Jurassic ◽  
Late Triassic ◽  
Cambrian Explosion ◽  
New Order ◽  
Colonial Ascidian ◽  
New Family ◽  
The Family ◽  
Almost All

AbstractIn contrast to almost all other invertebrate phyla that constructed biomineralized skeletons during the “Cambrian explosion” and maintained them during the entire fossil record, ascidian tunicates evolved this protective and stabilizing advantage only during the Permian, although soft-bodied representatives of this subphylum made their first appearance already in the early Cambrian. It remains enigmatic why these compound calcareous skeletons persisted only until the Late Triassic, subsequently followed by less-rigid internal skeletons from the Lower Jurassic onwards, which consist of scattered isolated spicules only. In addition to recently described aragonitic ascidian exoskeletons from the Permian and Triassic, new discoveries of similar, but colonial ascidian compound endoskeletons in the lower Carnian exhibit a short-living branch of this group, which moreover contain the first indubitable calcareous spicules. The latter are embedded in the solid endoskeleton, which is composed of polygonal aragonitic plates with smooth outer and zigzag lined inner boundaries. They consist of irregular, parallel (orthogonal), or fan-shaped (clinogonal) arrangements of acicular aragonite crystals. The following taxa are described as new: order Cassianomorpha new order with the family Cassianosomidae new family and the genus Toscanisoma new genus with the species T. multipartitum new species and T. triplicatum new species.UUID: http://zoobank.org/03555353-cdab-42e8-8e99-9bfce15fa249

Back to the Future? Molecules Take Us Back to the 1925 Classification of the Lembophyllaceae (Bryopsida)

2009 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 443-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dietmar Quandt ◽  
Sanna Huttunen ◽  
Ray Tangney ◽  
Michael Stech
Keyword(s):  
Single Species ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Nuclear Ribosomal Dna ◽  
New Family ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
The Family ◽  
Family Level ◽  
Plastid Markers ◽  
Pleurocarpous Moss

Although the Lembophyllaceae has undergone considerable revision during the last century, the generic and familial level relationships of this pleurocarpous moss family are still poorly understood. To address this problem, a generic revision of the Lembophyllaceae based on molecular data was undertaken. We analyzed two plastid markers, the trnL-trnF and the psbT-psbH region in combination with the ITS2 of nuclear ribosomal DNA. The molecular data reveal that the current circumscription of the family is too narrow and that several genera previously placed in the Lembophyllaceae should be reincluded. The family includes: Bestia, Camptochaete, Dolichomitra, Dolichomitriopsis, Fallaciella, Fifea, Isothecium, Lembophyllum, Looseria stat. nov., Pilotrichella, Rigodium, Tripterocladium, and Weymouthia. Looseria contains a single species: Looseria orbiculata comb. nov. Acrocladium is excluded and provisionally accommodated in the Lepyrodontaceae. Generic limits supported by the molecular data support a return to the early twentieth century family concept of Brotherus. The analyses indicate that the segregate genus Orthostichella is distinct from its parent genus Pilotrichella, probably at the family level. Whereas Pilotrichella is resolved within the Lembophyllaceae, Orthostichella clusters with Porotrichum and Porothamnium forming a clade (OPP-clade) sister to the remaining Neckeraceae and Lembophyllaceae. Hence, the Neckeraceae is paraphyletic. Recognition of the OPP-clade as a new family is desirable but awaits the results of detailed ongoing morphological studies.

scholarly journals Description of Eurystomatella sinica n. gen., n. sp., with establishment of a new family Eurystomatellidae n. fam. (Protista, Ciliophora, Scuticociliatia) and analyses of its phylogeny inferred from sequences of the small-subunit rRNA gene

2010 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 460-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miao Miao ◽  
Yangang Wang ◽  
Weibo Song ◽  
John C. Clamp ◽  
Khaled A. S. Al-Rasheid
Keyword(s):  
New Genus ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Small Subunit Rrna ◽  
New Family ◽  
Small Subunit Rrna Gene ◽  
The Family ◽  
Great Divergence

Recently, an undescribed marine ciliate was isolated from China. Investigation of its morphology and infraciliature revealed it as an undescribed species representing a new genus, Eurystomatella n. gen., the type of the new family Eurystomatellidae n. fam. The new family is defined by close-set, apically positioned oral membranelles and a dominant buccal field that is surrounded by an almost completely circular paroral membrane. The new genus is defined by having a small oral membranelle 1 (M1), bipartite M2 and well-developed M3, a body surface faintly sculptured with a silverline system in a quadrangular, reticulate pattern and a cytostome located at the anterior third of a large buccal field. The type species of the new genus, Eurystomatella sinica n. sp., is a morphologically unique form that is defined mainly by the combination of a conspicuously flattened body, several caudal cilia, extremely long cilia associated with the buccal apparatus and a contractile vacuole located subcaudally. According to phylogenetic analyses of small-subunit (SSU) rRNA gene sequences, Eurystomatella clusters with the genus Cyclidium, as a sister group to the family Pleuronematidae. The great divergence in both buccal and somatic ciliature between Eurystomatella and all other known scuticociliates supports the establishment of a new family for Eurystomatella.

scholarly journals A New Genus of Nematodes Parasitic in Elephants

Parasitology ◽  
1921 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. A. Baylis
Keyword(s):  
New Genus ◽  
British Museum ◽  
African Elephant ◽  
The Other ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Single Male ◽  
Male Specimen

A Re-Examination of the type-specimens of “Sclerostoma” clathratum Baird from the African elephant, which are in the British Museum, has led to a rather interesting discovery. The material was contained in two bottles, labelled in Baird's own handwriting. One bore the name “Sclerostoma clathratum Baird,” and contained a single male specimen of the form now known as Grammocephalus clathratus. The other bottle was labelled “Sclerostoma clathratum Baird, ♀,” and proved to contain worms of both sexes and of quite a different type from Grammocephalus.

First Record of the Family Camillidae in the New World (Diptera)

1960 ◽  
Vol 92 (12) ◽  
pp. 954-956 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. McAlpine
Keyword(s):  
New World ◽  
First Record ◽  
Single Male ◽  
Male Specimen ◽  
Separate Family ◽  
The Family ◽  
Single Genus ◽  
To Receive

The discovery of Camilla glabra (Fallen) in Ottawa, Canada, is the first record of the existence in the New World of any member of the interesting little family Camillidae. A single male specimen taken June 15, 1954, by D. G. F. Cobb while collecting insects in her garden, would seem to indicate the species is established here.The family Camillidae consists of the single genus Camilla Haliday, which for many years was assigned to the family Drosophilidae. Frey, (1921) considered it sufficiently differentiated from the Drosophilidae to warrant separate status and erected the family Camillidae to receive it. Duda (1934), Wheeler (1952, p. 164), and Collin (1956) all recognized the group as a family distinct from the Drosophilidae. More recently, Hennig (1958, p. 665) placed it as a separate family in the Drosophiloidea, pointing out that while it has certain characters in common with Curtonotidae and Drosophilidae, it shows even more affinities with Diastatidae and Ephydridae.

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