CUTWORM SYSTEMATICS: CONFUSIONS AND SOLUTIONS

1993 ◽  
Vol 125 (S165) ◽  
pp. 189-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.D. Lafontaine
Keyword(s):  
Monophyletic Group ◽  
Species Classification ◽  
The World ◽  
Primary Means ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
Made In

AbstractConfusion in cutworm systematics pervades every level of their classification ranging from problems in defining them as a monophyletic group to problems with defining species. Classification provides the primary means of communication and prediction and is most effective when names are stable, and the classification is widely accepted and used, and reflects natural relationships. In cutworms, these requirements are not met: cutworm classification is not stable and use of names in different parts of the world is inconsistent; furthermore, the present cutworm classification does not reflect natural relationships. Instability in cutworm classification can be attributed to several factors: inconsistency in characters used to define groupings such as tribes and subfamilies; problems with defining species; and poor communication among workers. Problems with cutworm classification and progress being made in resolving these difficulties are discussed.

Recent Work on the Phacopidae

1927 ◽  
Vol 64 (7) ◽  
pp. 308-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. R. Cowper Reed
Keyword(s):  
Recent Work ◽  
Present Author ◽  
New Genera ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
Made In

Since the publication of the paper by the present author in 1905 on the Classification of the Phacopidae, a considerable advance has been made in our knowledge of this family as a result of further and better material being obtained, and of new discoveries in different parts of the world. Many new genera and subgenera have been instituted, and modifications or limitations of some of the old terms have been introduced by various authors. The work of Wedekind, Clarke, Rud. and E. Richter, and Kozlowski has specially dealt with questions of classification, but there is still a considerable amount of diversity in the usage and application of the generic and subgeneric names.

scholarly journals Some Breton Words in the Dictionary of the Russian Empress

2006 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 143-148
Author(s):  
Anna Muradova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Scottish Gaelic ◽  
Southern Siberia ◽  
Xviii Century ◽  
European Languages ◽  
The World ◽  
Celtic Languages ◽  
French Words ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
Made In

The first mention of the Breton language in the Russian linguistical literature was made in the XVIII century when the Empress Catherine II decided to make a wide research in order to compose a dictionary where all the languages in the world would be represented. This work was carried out by a German scientist Peter Simon Pallas (1741–1811). He was the head of the Russian Academy of Sciences in the years 1768–1774, and he also took part in several expeditions in which he studied many regions of Russia, including Southern Siberia. The languages of the peoples living in different parts of Russia were largely represented in his study, and the European languages were also collected, assembled into different groups. The first edition of the dictionary, Vocabularia Linguarum Totius Orbis (“Сравнительные словари всех языков и наречий, собранные десницею Всевысочайшей Особы”) was published in 1787–1789. This edition contained 185 entries from 142 Asiatic and 51 European languages. The second edition was published in 1790–1791, and it contained the information on 272 languages and dialects, and 273 entries were represented in this edition. The Celtic languages were well represented in both editions as follows: Celtic (it is not clear what were the specifically Celtic languages), Breton, Irish, Scottish Gaelic, Welsh and Cornish. The information for the Breton language was made available by several intermediaries: some Russian words were translated into Latin, after that – into French and transmitted to the ambassador of France, Le Compte de Segur. He sent the French words list to Baron de Breteuil, who employed the Intendant of Brittany Antoine-François Bertrand de Moleville. De Mollevile was not a Breton speaker and his task was to find someone who could do this job. Even in the XVIII century it seemed difficult to find anyone who was capable of providing a translation. This was a paradox: the Breton language was largely spoken by that time in the Western part of the peninsula (Lower Brittany). One of the difficulties was the absence of a “standard” Breton, and of a “standard” Breton spelling, the four dialects being too different from one another (therefore each author who was writing in Breton used his own variant of spelling). De Mollevile seemed to have had some difficulties to find out which of the dialects was the “correct” one. So he sent the list to Le Goazre in Qimper (where the Cornouaille dialect was spoken) and to Le Bricquir Dumezir in Lannoin (the Tregor dialect). Meanwhile, in order to find out the “correct” forms, the translators seemed to use Gregor Rostrenen’s dictionary (1732). The two versions (from Lannion or from Qimper) were sent to Pallas, and the differences between them made it possible to indicate two Breton forms for one Russian word. It is impossible to use Vocabularia Linguarum Totius Orbis for modern Celtic studies as all the foreign words used in the dictionary were transcribed into Cyrillic. Therefore we cannot make any conclusions with regard to the authentic spelling of these words. Meanwhile, this document is precious as it provides the first mention of Breton in Russia.

scholarly journals Globalizacija kao nositelj suvremenih promjena u svijetu

Geoadria ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena Lončar
Keyword(s):  
Communication Technology ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Human Community ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
Made In

This paper deals with the development of the globalization process, meaning of the term globalization and influences that globalization has on world economy, politics and human community in general. It makes the point that globalization has negative and positive aspects, but it certainly brings big changes. The developed part of the world uses very well global conditions, in the same time playing the role of the main carrier of the globalization processes. With the development of informatics and communication technology world is becoming much smaller so that connection between two subjects in different parts of the world is made in a few minutes. Creation of economic and politic integrations is also one of the causes and consequences of globalization. 

scholarly journals Bodies, Bollywood and Bond. The evolving image of secret agents in Hindi spy thrillers inspired by the 007 franchise

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-46
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Lipka-Chudzik
Keyword(s):  
Narrative Structure ◽  
Gradual Change ◽  
James Bond ◽  
Commercial Success ◽  
The World ◽  
Physical Abilities ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
Made In ◽  
The Way

Independent researcherIn the 1960s, after the international commercial success of the James Bond films, many imitations and parodies of the original were made in different parts of the world. In India popular Hindi films were also inspired by the 007 franchise, beginning with the action thriller Farz in 1967. From then on a new genre was formed in the Bombay cinema: Hindi Bond films. These derivative productions were deliberately created to replicate the plot formula and narrative structure of the original Bond series. They underwent considerable development from cheap, amateurish B-movies to big budget commercial hits such as Ek Tha Tiger in 2012. Also the leading characters in Hindi Bond films, the secret agents of the Indian police and intelligence, evolved from the innocent, happy-go-lucky youngsters in the 1960s into the tough, world-weary men of action in the 2010s. One of the most important factors of this gradual change is the way the heroes’ bodies were shown on screen. The focus on the esthetics, the musculature, the physical abilities and sex appeal of the Bombay Bonds was different in every decade. This article concentrates on the evolution of Hindi Bond films: the genre as well as the leading characters.

scholarly journals Integrated stratigraphy of the Upper Barremian–Aptian sediments from the south-eastern Crimea

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 498-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria S. Karpuk ◽  
Ekaterina A. Shcherbinina ◽  
Ekaterina A. Brovina ◽  
Galina N. Aleksandrova ◽  
Andrey Yu. Guzhikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Planktonic Foraminifera ◽  
Calcareous Nannofossils ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
The World ◽  
Eastern Crimea ◽  
Integrated Study ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
Made In ◽  
Biostratigraphic Units

Abstract Previous studies made in different parts of the world have shown that Barremian–Aptian times imply many difficulties in deciphering the biostratigraphy, microfossil evolution and correlation of bioevents. In an attempt to improve our knowledge of this period in a particular area of the Tethyan realm, we present the first integrated study of microbiota (including planktonic foraminifera, calcareous nannofossils, ostracods and palynomorphs) and magnetostratigraphy of the upper Barremian–Aptian sediments from south-eastern Crimea. The nannofossils display the classical Tethyan chain of bioevents in this interval, while the planktonic foraminifera demonstrate an incomplete succession of stratigraphically important taxa. Our study enabled the recognition of a series of biostratigraphic units by means of four groups of microfossils correlated to polarity chrons. The detailed analysis of the microfossil distribution led to a biostratigraphic characterization of the Barremian/Aptian transition and brought to light an interval, which may correspond to the OAE1a.

scholarly journals III. On the annual variation of the magnetic declination

1874 ◽  
Vol 22 (148-155) ◽  
pp. 254-258
Keyword(s):  
Annual Variation ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Magnetic Declination ◽  
The World ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Magnetic Needle ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
Made In

The first observations which seemed to show that the mean position of the declination-needle followed an annual law were those of Cassini, made, more than eighty years ago, in the hall of the Paris Observatory and in the caves below it (90 feet under ground). It cannot be said, however, that Cassini’s result has been confirmed by subsequent observations, either as regards the direction or amounts of movement from month to month. The extensive series of observations made in different parts of the world in modern times have given results so different that we must conclude either that the magnetic needle obeys different annual laws at each place, or that the differences are due to instrumental errors. The consequence has been that, after long, laborious, and expensive researches, it is still a question whether the magnetic needle obeys an annual law or not.

scholarly journals XXXI. An Account of some artificial Caverns in the Neighbourhood of Bombay: By Mr. William Hunter, Surgeon in the East Indies

Archaeologia ◽  
1785 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 286-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Hunter
Keyword(s):  
East Indies ◽  
The World ◽  
Human Labour ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
Made In ◽  
William Hunter

In different parts of the island of Salsette, and in the neighbourhood of that of Bombay, we meet with some most stupendous monuments of human labour and ingenuity; which would be matter of admiration in any part of the world, but must astonish us still more, when we find them in a country remarkable for the indolence of its present inhabitants. These are a set of enormous excavations, all of which are made in solid rocks, and decorated with a variety of figures, most curiously cut from the same substance with the caverns themselves.

scholarly journals Freezing Nucleus Measurements in January 1957

1958 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 452 ◽  
Author(s):  
EG Bowen
Keyword(s):  
Present Note ◽  
Ice Crystals ◽  
The World ◽  
Extraterrestrial Origin ◽  
Nucleus Concentration ◽  
Natural Freezing ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
Made In ◽  
Ice Phase

It is well known that the appearance of the ice phase in supercooled clouds is one of the more important phenomena leading to the formation of rain. The formation of ice crystals is itself dependent on the freezing nucleus content of the atmosphere. Little is known about the nature and origin of natural freezing nuclei, but daily measurements of freezing nucleus concentration made in different parts of the world during the month of January in the three years 1954, 1955, and 1956 have suggested that some fraction of them might be of extraterrestrial origin (Bowen 1956). The present note describes a further series of measurements made during January 1957.

1989 göçü sonrası Bulgaristan göçmenlerinin yemek kültüründeki değişim

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-245
Author(s):  
Cahit Kahraman ◽  
İlhan Güneş ◽  
Nanae Kahraman
Keyword(s):  
Eating Habits ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Food Culture ◽  
Rapid Progress ◽  
Canned Food ◽  
Product Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Day By Day ◽  
Made In

1989 göçü öncesi, dünyada eşzamanlı olarak gittikçe gelişen ve zenginleşen mutfak kültürü, Bulgaristan Türklerini de etkilemiştir. Pazardaki çeşitlilik arttıkça, yemek alışkanlıkları da değişime uğramıştır. Büyük göçten sadece 30-40 sene evvel kısıtlı imkânlar ile sınırlı sayıda yemek çeşidi üretilirken, alım gücünün artmasıyla yemek kültüründe de hızlı gelişmeler olmuştur. Artan ürün çeşitliliği yemeklere de yansımış, farklı lezzetler mutfaklara girmiştir. Göçmen yemekleri denilince hamur işleri, börek ve pideler akla gelir. Ayrıca, göçmenlerin çok zengin turşu, komposto ve konserve kültürüne sahip oldukları da bilinir. Bu çalışma, 1989 öncesi Bulgaristan’ın farklı bölgelerinde yaşayan Türklerin yemek alışkanlıklarına ışık tutmakla birlikte, göç sonrasında göçmen mutfak kültüründe bir değişiklik oluşup oluşmadığını konu almaktadır. Bu amaçla, 1989 yılında Türkiye’ye göç etmiş 50 kişiye 8 sorudan oluşan anket düzenlenmiştir. Bu verilerden yola çıkarak oluşan bulgular derlenmiş ve yeni tespitler yapılmıştır. Ayrıca, Türkiye’nin farklı bölgelerine yerleşen göçmenler, kendi göçmen pazarlarını kurmuşlardır. Bulgaristan’dan getirilen ürünlerin bu pazarlarda satılması böyle bir arz talebin hala devam ettiğine işaret etmektedir.ABSTRACT IN ENGLISHThe Diversity in Cuisine Culture of the Immigrants from Bulgaria After 1989 MigrationThe Cuisine culture that has been developing and getting rich day by day contemporaneously in the world before 1989 migration has also had an impact on Bulgarian Turks. By the increase in diversity in the market, eating habits have changed. While producing a limited number of food types with limited opportunities just some 30 or 40 years before the ‘Big Migration’, there has been a rapid progress in food culture by the help of the increase in purchase power. Enhancing product range has been reflected in food, and different tastes have entered the cuisines. When we say immigrant, the first things that come to our mind are pastry, flan and pitta bread. Moreover, it is also known that immigrants have a very rich cuisine culture of pickle, stewed fruit, and canned food. This study aims both to disclose the eating habits of Turks living in different regions of Bulgaria before 1989 and to determine whether there has been a difference in immigrant cuisine culture before and after the migration. For this purpose, a questionnaire consisting of 8 questions has been administered to 50 people who migrated to Turkey in 1989. The results gathered from these data have been compiled and new determinations have been made. In addition, immigrants that settled in different regions of Turkey have set their own immigrant markets. The fact that the products brought from Bulgaria are being sold in these markets shows that this kind of supply and demand still continues.

BIOASSAY CHARACTERISTICS OF INDIVIDUAL URINARY GONADOTROPHIN EXTRACTS

1963 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-224
Author(s):  
Raymond C. Mellinger ◽  
Jalileh A. Mansour ◽  
Richmond W. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Reference Material ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Reference Standard ◽  
General Acceptance ◽  
Modifying Factors ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
The World ◽  
Quantitative Bioassay ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
Age And Sex

ABSTRACT A reference standard is widely sought for use in the quantitative bioassay of pituitary gonadotrophin recovered from urine. The biologic similarity of pooled urinary extracts obtained from large numbers of subjects, utilizing groups of different age and sex, preparing and assaying the materials by varying techniques in different parts of the world, has lead to a general acceptance of such preparations as international gonadotrophin reference standards. In the present study, however, the extract of pooled urine from a small number of young women is shown to produce a significantly different bioassay response from that of the reference materials. Gonadotrophins of individual subjects likewise varied from the multiple subject standards in many instances. The cause of these differences is thought to be due to the modifying influence of non-hormonal substances extracted from urine with the gonadotrophin and not necessarily to variations in the gonadotrophins themselves. Such modifying factors might have similar effects in a comparative assay of pooled extracts contributed by many subjects, but produce significant variations when material from individual subjects is compared. It is concluded that the expression of potency of a gonadotrophic extract in terms of pooled reference material to which it is not essentially similar may diminish rather than enhance the validity of the assay.

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