Variability and inheritance of the chorionic tubercles on eggs of Listronotus oregonensis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

2003 ◽  
Vol 135 (6) ◽  
pp. 765-774
Author(s):  
Guy Boivin ◽  
Jean-Pierre Nénon
Keyword(s):  
Average Density ◽  
Oviposition Period ◽  
Isofemale Lines ◽  
Egg Survival ◽  
Crossing Experiment ◽  
Egg Parasitism ◽  
Listronotus Oregonensis ◽  
Carrot Weevil ◽  
Precise Role

AbstractThe tubercles present on the egg chorion of the carrot weevil, Listronotus oregonensis (LeConte), are described and their variability in density quantified between females. Tubercle density varied by a factor of six between females, from 19 000 to 115 000 tubercles per mm2. The average density of tubercles for a given female remained constant throughout its oviposition period. When isofemale lines were created, the average tubercle density remained constant from generation to generation, and crossing experiment suggested that tubercle density was transmitted by the female. Using isofemale lines with low and high densities of tubercles, no effect on egg survival in water or susceptibility to egg parasitism was found. Tubercle density and the heritability of this character suggest a probable reproductive advantage for females that produce eggs with this chorionic pattern even though the precise role of these traits remains to be determined.

EVALUATION OF MONITORING TECHNIQUES FOR THE CARROT WEEVIL, LISTRONOTUS OREGONENSIS (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE)

1985 ◽  
Vol 117 (8) ◽  
pp. 927-933 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy Boivin
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Recommendations ◽  
Oviposition Period ◽  
Insecticide Treatment ◽  
Monitoring Techniques ◽  
Listronotus Oregonensis ◽  
Carrot Weevil ◽  
Trap Catches

AbstractFive trap designs were evaluated for their efficiency in capturing overwintering adults of the carrot weevil, Listronotus oregonensis (Le Conte). Trap catches were compared with counts of oviposition and nutrition cavities found in carrots placed on the ground. A trap consisting of 22 wooden plates, separated by metal washers and placed over a carrot which was used as bait, proved to be the most efficient. The weevils crawl between the plates, feed on the carrot, and are collected by dismantling the trap over a pan. This technique provided a seasonal record of carrot-weevil activity comparable to that obtained with carrot sections and can be used to issue insecticide-treatment recommendations prior to the beginning of the carrot-weevil oviposition period.

scholarly journals Cholinergic Signaling, Neural Excitability, and Epilepsy

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 2258
Author(s):  
Yu Wang ◽  
Bei Tan ◽  
Yi Wang ◽  
Zhong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Cholinergic Neurons ◽  
Epileptic Seizures ◽  
Brain Disorder ◽  
Neural Excitability ◽  
Cholinergic Signaling ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Muscarinic And Nicotinic Receptors ◽  
Cumulative Evidence ◽  
Precise Role

Epilepsy is a common brain disorder characterized by recurrent epileptic seizures with neuronal hyperexcitability. Apart from the classical imbalance between excitatory glutamatergic transmission and inhibitory γ-aminobutyric acidergic transmission, cumulative evidence suggest that cholinergic signaling is crucially involved in the modulation of neural excitability and epilepsy. In this review, we briefly describe the distribution of cholinergic neurons, muscarinic, and nicotinic receptors in the central nervous system and their relationship with neural excitability. Then, we summarize the findings from experimental and clinical research on the role of cholinergic signaling in epilepsy. Furthermore, we provide some perspectives on future investigation to reveal the precise role of the cholinergic system in epilepsy.

scholarly journals The Constitutive Centromere Component CENP-50 Is Required for Recovery from Spindle Damage

2005 ◽  
Vol 25 (23) ◽  
pp. 10315-10328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukinori Minoshima ◽  
Tetsuya Hori ◽  
Masahiro Okada ◽  
Hiroshi Kimura ◽  
Tokuko Haraguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Mitotic Checkpoint ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Centromere Function ◽  
Dt40 Cells ◽  
Precise Role ◽  
Chicken Dt40 Cell

ABSTRACT We identified CENP-50 as a novel kinetochore component. We found that CENP-50 is a constitutive component of the centromere that colocalizes with CENP-A and CENP-H throughout the cell cycle in vertebrate cells. To determine the precise role of CENP-50, we examined its role in centromere function by generating a loss-of-function mutant in the chicken DT40 cell line. The CENP-50 knockout was not lethal; however, the growth rate of cells with this mutation was slower than that of wild-type cells. We observed that the time for CENP-50-deficient cells to complete mitosis was longer than that for wild-type cells. Centromeric localization of CENP-50 was abolished in both CENP-H- and CENP-I-deficient cells. Coimmunoprecipitation experiments revealed that CENP-50 interacted with the CENP-H/CENP-I complex in chicken DT40 cells. We also observed severe mitotic defects in CENP-50-deficient cells with apparent premature sister chromatid separation when the mitotic checkpoint was activated, indicating that CENP-50 is required for recovery from spindle damage.

THE PRECISE ROLE OF CD28 AND CD154 POSITIVE AND CTLA4 NEGATIVE SIGNALS IN THE ALLOGRAFT RESPONSE.

2000 ◽  
Vol 69 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S414-S415
Author(s):  
Xin Xiao Zheng ◽  
Thomas A. Markees ◽  
Martina Weber ◽  
Xian Chang Li ◽  
Yongsheng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Precise Role ◽  
Allograft Response

scholarly journals Sec1p directly stimulates SNARE-mediated membrane fusion in vitro

2004 ◽  
Vol 167 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brenton L. Scott ◽  
Jeffrey S. Van Komen ◽  
Hassan Irshad ◽  
Song Liu ◽  
Kirilee A. Wilson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Membrane Fusion ◽  
Membrane Trafficking ◽  
Snare Complex ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Bud Neck ◽  
Precise Role

Sec1 proteins are critical players in membrane trafficking, yet their precise role remains unknown. We have examined the role of Sec1p in the regulation of post-Golgi secretion in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Indirect immunofluorescence shows that endogenous Sec1p is found primarily at the bud neck in newly budded cells and in patches broadly distributed within the plasma membrane in unbudded cells. Recombinant Sec1p binds strongly to the t-SNARE complex (Sso1p/Sec9c) as well as to the fully assembled ternary SNARE complex (Sso1p/Sec9c;Snc2p), but also binds weakly to free Sso1p. We used recombinant Sec1p to test Sec1p function using a well-characterized SNARE-mediated membrane fusion assay. The addition of Sec1p to a traditional in vitro fusion assay moderately stimulates fusion; however, when Sec1p is allowed to bind to SNAREs before reconstitution, significantly more Sec1p binding is detected and fusion is stimulated in a concentration-dependent manner. These data strongly argue that Sec1p directly stimulates SNARE-mediated membrane fusion.

scholarly journals Are the determinants of markup size industry-specific? The case of Slovenian manufacturing firms

2011 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Ponikvar ◽  
Maks Tajnikar
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Manufacturing Firms ◽  
Manufacturing Industries ◽  
Dynamic Panel ◽  
Pricing Policy ◽  
Large Variability ◽  
Oligopoly Theory ◽  
Determination Process ◽  
Precise Role

The aim of this paper is to identify factors that affect the pricing policy in Slovenian manufacturing firms in terms of the markup size and, most of all, to explicitly account for the possibility of differences in pricing procedures among manufacturing industries. Accordingly, the analysis of the dynamic panel is carried out on an industry-by-industry basis, allowing the coefficients on the markup determinants to vary across industries. We find that the oligopoly theory of markup determination for the most part holds for the manufacturing sector as a whole, although large variability in markup determinants exists across industries within the Slovenian manufacturing. Our main conclusion is that each industry should be investigated separately in detail in order to assess the precise role of markup factors in the markup-determination process.

The Distinctiveness Principle: Identity, Meaning, and the Bounds of Cultural Relativity

2000 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivian L. Vignoles ◽  
Xenia Chryssochoou ◽  
Glynis M. Breakwell
Keyword(s):  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Relativity ◽  
Identity Processes ◽  
Cultural Systems ◽  
Construction Of Meaning ◽  
The Cross ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Precise Role

Extending theories of distinctiveness motivation in identity (Breakwell, 1987; Brewer, 1991; Snyder & Fromkin, 1980), we discuss the precise role of distinctiveness in identity processes and the cross-cultural generality of the distinctiveness principle. We argue that (a) within Western cultures, distinctiveness is necessaryfor the construction of meaning within identity, and (b) the distinctiveness principle is not incompatible with non-Western cultural systems. We propose a distinction among three sources of distinctiveness: position, difference, and separateness, with different implications for identity and behavior. These sources coexist within cultures, on both individual and group levels of selfrepresentation, but they may be emphasized differently according to culture and context.

Static Pressure-Volume Curves for the Lung of the Frog (Rana Pipiens)

1978 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. HUGHES ◽  
G. A. VERGARA
Keyword(s):  
Volume Change ◽  
Rana Pipiens ◽  
Static Pressure ◽  
Large Diameter ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Isolated Lungs ◽  
Precise Role ◽  
Different Parts

1. Static pressure/volume curves have been determined for isolated frog lungs inflated with either air or saline. In both cases a hysteresis was present: the pressure required to produce unit change of volume being greater during inflation than deflation. 2. The pressure necessary for a given volume change was less for the saline-filled than the air-filled lungs. The difference between these curves is due to the surface tension at the air/lung interface. 3. Pressure/volume curves for air-filled lungs in situ were similar to curves for isolated lungs. However, a greater pressure was required for the same volume change during both inflation and deflation. 4. Compliance was calculated from different parts of air pressure/volume curves and gave values greater than those obtained using similar calculations for higher vertebrates. 5. These observations support other evidence for the presence of a surfactant in the lung lining of frogs in spite of the relatively large diameter of their ‘alveoli.’ The precise role of such a lining is uncertain and it is concluded that similar forces may be involved during the inflation and deflation of lungs of frogs and higher vertebrates in spite of differences in gross morphology.

Degree-day models to predict carrot weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) emergence and oviposition in Nova Scotia, Canada

2020 ◽  
Vol 152 (3) ◽  
pp. 374-388
Author(s):  
Suzanne Blatt ◽  
Deney Augustine Joseph ◽  
G. Christopher Cutler ◽  
A. Randall Olson ◽  
Scott White
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Hill Equation ◽  
Base Temperature ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
True Leaf ◽  
Listronotus Oregonensis ◽  
Carrot Weevil

AbstractCarrot weevil, Listronotus oregonensis (LeConte) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), is a pest of carrot (Daucus carota var. sativus Hoffmann; Apiaceae) throughout eastern Canada. Carrot weevil emergence and oviposition were monitored in commercial carrot fields in Nova Scotia. Cumulative degree days were calculated using a base temperature of 7 °C (DD7), and models were developed to predict cumulative emergence and oviposition using nonlinear regression. Cumulative emergence and oviposition were adequately explained as functions of DD7 by a three-parameter sigmoidal Hill equation. Our emergence model predicted initial and peak adult emergence at 35 and 387 DD7, respectively, with oviposition on carrot baits occurring as early as 42 DD7. Models were then validated to evaluate how well they performed. Oviposition on carrot plants began at the fourth true-leaf stage (342 DD7) and continued until eleventh true-leaf stage. Growers using these models can identify their window of opportunity to manage their carrot weevil populations targeting the majority of emerged adults before oviposition begins in the field.

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