scholarly journals The Human Endogenous Retrovirus Envelope Glycoprotein, Syncytin-1, Regulates Neuroinflammation and Its Receptor Expression in Multiple Sclerosis: A Role for Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperones in Astrocytes

2007 ◽  
Vol 179 (2) ◽  
pp. 1210-1224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph M. Antony ◽  
Kristofor K. Ellestad ◽  
Robert Hammond ◽  
Kazunori Imaizumi ◽  
Francois Mallet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Envelope Glycoprotein ◽  
Endogenous Retrovirus ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Human Endogenous Retrovirus

scholarly journals Envelope Gene of the Human Endogenous Retrovirus HERV-W Encodes a Functional Retrovirus Envelope

2001 ◽  
Vol 75 (7) ◽  
pp. 3488-3489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Sung An ◽  
Yi-ming Xie ◽  
Irvin S. Y. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Functional Properties ◽  
Envelope Glycoprotein ◽  
Endogenous Retrovirus ◽  
Human Endogenous Retrovirus ◽  
Envelope Gene ◽  
Membrane Glycoprotein ◽  
Herv Family ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

ABSTRACT A member of the human endogenous retrovirus (HERV) family termed HERV-W encodes a highly fusogenic membrane glycoprotein that appears to be expressed specifically in the placenta. It is unclear whether the glycoproteins of the HERVs can serve as functional retrovirus envelope proteins to confer infectivity on retrovirus particles. We found that the HERV-W envelope glycoprotein can form pseudotypes with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 virions and confers tropism for CD4-negative cells. Thus, the HERV-W env gene represents the first HERV env gene demonstrated to encode the functional properties of a retrovirus envelope glycoprotein.

scholarly journals Human endogenous retrovirus W in brain lesions: Rationale for targeted therapy in multiple sclerosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 11-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack van Horssen ◽  
Susanne van der Pol ◽  
Philip Nijland ◽  
Sandra Amor ◽  
Hervé Perron
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Targeted Therapy ◽  
Endogenous Retrovirus ◽  
Brain Lesions ◽  
Human Endogenous Retrovirus

scholarly journals An Envelope Glycoprotein of the Human Endogenous Retrovirus HERV-W Is Expressed in the Human Placenta and Fuses Cells Expressing the Type D Mammalian Retrovirus Receptor

2000 ◽  
Vol 74 (7) ◽  
pp. 3321-3329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Luc Blond ◽  
Dimitri Lavillette ◽  
Valérie Cheynet ◽  
Olivier Bouton ◽  
Guy Oriol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Envelope Glycoprotein ◽  
Expression Vector ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Endogenous Retrovirus ◽  
Open Reading Frame ◽  
Human Endogenous Retrovirus ◽  
Membrane Glycoprotein ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
Herv Family ◽  
Type D

ABSTRACT A new human endogenous retrovirus (HERV) family, termed HERV-W, was recently described (J.-L. Blond, F. Besème, L. Duret, O. Bouton, F. Bedin, H. Perron, B. Mandrand, and F. Mallet, J. Virol. 73:1175–1185, 1999). HERV-W mRNAs were found to be specifically expressed in placenta cells, and an env cDNA containing a complete open reading frame was recovered. In cell-cell fusion assays, we demonstrate here that the product of the HERV-W env gene is a highly fusogenic membrane glycoprotein. Transfection of an HERV-W Env expression vector in a panel of cell lines derived from different species resulted in formation of syncytia in primate and pig cells upon interaction with the type D mammalian retrovirus receptor. Moreover, envelope glycoproteins encoded by HERV-W were specifically detected in placenta cells, suggesting that they may play a physiological role during pregnancy and placenta formation.

scholarly journals The Etiology of Multiple Sclerosis: Genetic Evidence for the Involvement of the Human Endogenous Retrovirus HERV-Fc1

PLoS ONE ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. e16652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bjørn A. Nexø ◽  
Tove Christensen ◽  
Jette Frederiksen ◽  
Anné Møller-Larsen ◽  
Annette B. Oturai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Endogenous Retrovirus ◽  
Genetic Evidence ◽  
Human Endogenous Retrovirus

scholarly journals The DNA Copy Number of Human Endogenous Retrovirus-W (MSRV-Type) Is Increased in Multiple Sclerosis Patients and Is Influenced by Gender and Disease Severity

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e53623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Garcia-Montojo ◽  
María Dominguez-Mozo ◽  
Ana Arias-Leal ◽  
Ángel Garcia-Martinez ◽  
Virginia De las Heras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Copy Number ◽  
Endogenous Retrovirus ◽  
Human Endogenous Retrovirus ◽  
Dna Copy Number ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Patients

A ntibodies against a human endogenous retrovirus and the preponderance of env splice variants in multiple sclerosis patients

2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Christensen ◽  
P D Sørensen ◽  
H J Hansen ◽  
A Møller-Larsen
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Splice Variant ◽  
Splice Variants ◽  
Endogenous Retrovirus ◽  
Autoimmune Response ◽  
Human Endogenous Retrovirus ◽  
Pathogenic Potential ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Patients

The human endogenous retrovirus HERV-H is associated with multiple sclerosis (MS). Previously performed reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reactio ns (RT-PC R) on virion-RNA demonstrated sequence variants of the HERV-H family located in the particulate fraction of MS patient plasma samples and not in controls. In this study a significantly elevated level of antibodies towards peptides derived from HERV-H/RGH-2 DNA sequences in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (C SF) from MS patients is demonstrated. Further, Wistar rats immunized with purified virions develop a specific serologic response, indicating that some virion proteins are encoded by HERV-H-related sequences. A lso shown is that in RNA from blood cells, a HERV-H protease-env splice variant can be found together with an env splice variant in about 40% of MS patients but only in 10% of controls. The results substantiate the association between activated HERV-H and MS, but a causal relationship is yet to be demonstrated. HERV-H could represent a causal factor either by eliciting an autoimmune response or through the pathogenic potential of the retrovirus itself.

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