Functional Diversification of Fungal Glutathione Transferases from the Ure2p Class

The glutathione-S-transferase (GST) proteins represent an extended family involved in detoxification processes. They are divided into various classes with high diversity in various organisms. The Ure2p class is especially expanded in saprophytic fungi compared to other fungi. This class is subdivided into two subclasses named Ure2pA and Ure2pB, which have rapidly diversified among fungal phyla. We have focused our analysis on Basidiomycetes and used Phanerochaete chrysosporium as a model to correlate the sequence diversity with the functional diversity of these glutathione transferases. The results show that among the nine isoforms found in P. chrysosporium, two belonging to Ure2pA subclass are exclusively expressed at the transcriptional level in presence of polycyclic aromatic compounds. Moreover, we have highlighted differential catalytic activities and substrate specificities between Ure2pA and Ure2pB isoforms. This diversity of sequence and function suggests that fungal Ure2p sequences have evolved rapidly in response to environmental constraints.

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Modification of the Bacterial Cell Wall—Is the Bioavailability Important in Creosote Biodegradation?

Processes ◽

10.3390/pr8020147 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 147

Author(s):

Wojciech Smułek ◽

Amanda Pacholak ◽

Ewa Kaczorek

Keyword(s):

Current Knowledge ◽

Complex Mixture ◽

Wood Preservative ◽

Surface Modifications ◽

Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds ◽

Transferase Activity ◽

Glutathione S Transferase ◽

Polycyclic Aromatic ◽

Total Membrane

Creosote oil, widely used as a wood preservative, is a complex mixture of different polycyclic aromatic compounds. The soil contamination result in the presence of a specific microcosm. The presented study focuses on the most active strains involved in bioremediation of long-term creosote-contaminated soil. In three soil samples from different boreholes, two Sphingomonas maltophilia (S. maltophilia) and one Paenibacillus ulginis (P. ulginis) strain were isolated. The conducted experiments showed the differences and similarities between the bacteria strains capable of degrading creosote from the same contaminated area. Both S. maltophilia strains exhibit higher biodegradation efficiency (over 50% after 28 days) and greater increase in glutathione S-transferase activity than P. ulginis ODW 5.9. However, S. maltophilia ODW 3.7 and P. ulginis ODW 5.9 were different from the third of the tested strains. The growth of the former two on creosote resulted in an increase in cell adhesion to Congo red and in the total membrane permeability. Nevertheless, all three strains have shown a decrease in the permeability of the inner cell membrane. That suggests the complex relationship between the cell surface modifications and bioavailability of the creosote to microorganisms. The conducted research allowed us to broaden the current knowledge about the creosote bioremediation and the properties of microorganisms involved in the process.

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Corrigendum to “Polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) and trace elements in four marine bird species from northern Canada in a region of natural marine oil and gas seeps” [Sci. Total Environ. 744 (2020) 140959]

The Science of The Total Environment ◽

10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144682 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 144682

Author(s):

Jennifer F. Provencher ◽

Philippe J. Thomas ◽

Bruce Pauli ◽

Birgit M. Braune ◽

Ryan P. Franckowiak ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Trace Elements ◽

Aromatic Compounds ◽

Oil And Gas ◽

Bird Species ◽

Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds ◽

Marine Bird ◽

Marine Oil ◽

Northern Canada ◽

Polycyclic Aromatic ◽

Gas Seeps

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Synthesis Characterization and In Vitro Antibacterial Activity of the N-Substituted Bis-Pyrazoline Derivative as Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds

Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds ◽

10.1080/10406638.2020.1866040 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Faisal M. Aqlan

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Aromatic Compounds ◽

Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds ◽

Polycyclic Aromatic ◽

In Vitro Antibacterial Activity ◽

Pyrazoline Derivative

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Integrated Biomarker Response for Environmental Assessment Using the Gastropod Phorcus turbinatus along the Northern and the Northeastern Coasts of Tunisia

Life ◽

10.3390/life11060529 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 529

Author(s):

Wafa Boulajfene ◽

Montassar Lasram ◽

Sabiha Zouari-Tlig

Keyword(s):

Condition Factor ◽

Monitoring Program ◽

Biological Response ◽

Temporal Variations ◽

Chemical Pollution ◽

Glutathione S Transferase ◽

Biological Responses ◽

Biomarker Response ◽

Polycyclic Aromatic ◽

Bio Monitoring

This work aims to assess the spatial and temporal variations of four biomarkers activities and to integrate their biological responses in a battery using the gastropod Phorcus turbinatus. The monitoring was carried out during the period between April 2014 and January 2015 at six stations along the northern and the northeastern coasts of Tunisia. The Fulton condition factor was estimated and the activities of catalase, acetylcholinesterase and glutathione-S-transferase were evaluated by spectrophotometry. A multi-biomarker battery approach was used to assess ecosystems’ condition and to identify environmental impacts on the organisms. The results suggest that the enzymatic activities of CAT and GST depend especially on seasons. As for AChE activity, it was similar between seasons and stations. The values of the integrated biological response were maximal at Jarzouna in summer and at Sidi Daoued in winter, indicating the presence of severe stressors suffered by the organisms. This perturbation may be due to the enrichment of the waters by xenobiotics, namely polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, insecticides, phosphate wastes, PCBs and pesticides. Thus, P. turbinatus seems to be a good bioindicator of chemical pollution, constituting an adequate tool for a bio-monitoring program.

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