Fabrication of an Inductively Coupled Plasma Antenna in LTCC

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 (CICMT) ◽  
pp. 000172-000176
Author(s):  
J. Taff ◽  
M. Yates ◽  
C. Lee ◽  
S. Shawver ◽  
J. Browning ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Force ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Electric Propulsion ◽  
Thin Sheet ◽  
Direct Write ◽  
State University ◽  
Propulsion Systems ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
And Performance

With the size reduction of satellites, the need for miniaturized propulsion systems is increasing. This has led to research funding for the miniaturization of chemical and electric propulsion by NASA and the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR). Miniaturized electric propulsion research has been an active area of interest recently. Electric propulsion systems are interesting candidates for miniaturization due to efficiency and the reduction in onboard propellant and the ability to apply existing techniques in electronic fabrication. A miniature electrostatic thruster is being developed in LTCC at Boise State University. The thruster is composed of an antenna to create the plasma, a cylinder to contain the plasma and grids to extract the plasma beam at high velocity. In this work, the development of the inductively coupled plasma (ICP) antenna in LTCC will be presented. This antenna is fabricated using DuPont's 951 Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramic (LTCC). A Direct Write is used to apply silver paste for the spiral ICP antenna. Using LTCC allows for the antenna to be embedded in the device under a thin sheet of LTCC dielectric, which protects the antenna from ion back bombardment during operation. This thin sheet is the seventh layer of the total device, with the ICP antenna one layer below the top. The design of the antenna is based on the research done by J. Hopwood. This paper discusses the fabrication and performance of the ICP antennas in LTCC. These ICP antennas are operated at pressures from 10 mTorr to 1 Torr with radio frequencies (RF) of 500 MHz to 1 GHz to inductively couple with low pressure argon to produce plasma. The performance of the antennas will be verified with data showing the start and stop power of the plasma at various pressures and an electric field map of the RF field above the antenna.

scholarly journals 109 Phytate supplementation has minimal impact on mineral digestibility in horses

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 89-90
Author(s):  
Katy Brinkley-Bissinger ◽  
Laura M Cersosimo ◽  
Kathleen E Sullivan ◽  
Shannon E Livingston ◽  
Jill M Bobel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Divalent Cations ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Minimal Impact ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Mixed Model Anova ◽  
Microbial Phytase ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Inorganic Mineral

Abstract Phosphorus in equine rations is supplied by inorganic mineral fortification or naturally-occurring P in forages and grains. Up to 70% of P in plant material is bound to phytate. In monogastrics like poultry and swine, phytate can reduce absorption of P and divalent cations, but the extent that this occurs in horses is unknown. This study tested the hypothesis that phytate decreases mineral digestibility in horses. Six mature Quarter Horse geldings (mean ± SE, 586 ± 19 kg, 10 ± 1.5 y) were randomly assigned to two treatments applied in a cross-over design: IP6 (Ca-Mg-phytate isolated from rice bran fed at 15 mg phytic acid/kg BW) or CON (equivalent Ca, Mg and P from inorganic minerals to match intake from IP6). The level of phytate added represented an amount present in grain-rich rations typically fed to broodmares, growing horses and performance athletes. Supplements were added to a basal diet (1.75% BW, DM basis) consisting of 75% timothy hay and 25% roughage-based concentrate. Each 14-d period had an 11-d treatment adaptation followed by a 3-d total fecal collection. After acid digestion, P was determined colorimetrically and other minerals were determined by inductively coupled plasma spectrometry. Data were analyzed using mixed model ANOVA. Intakes of Ca, P, Mg, Zn, Cu and Fe were similar between treatments (140, 72, 40, 1.05, 0.24, and 1.78 mg/kg BW respectively). Apparent P digestibility (18.8 and 17%, SEM 1.9; P = 0.41) and estimates of true P digestibility (32.8 and 30.8%, SEM 1.9; P = 0.39) were similar between CON and IP6. Apparent digestibilities of other minerals were also not affected by IP6 supplementation. Findings suggest horses have sufficient microbial phytase activity in the gastrointestinal tract to mitigate impacts of dietary phytate. Higher levels or different forms of phytate and marginal mineral intake may yield different results.

scholarly journals Stator Design and Performance of Superconducting Motors for Aerospace Electric Propulsion Systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charalampos D. Manolopoulos ◽  
Matteo F. Iacchetti ◽  
Alexander C. Smith ◽  
Kevin Berger ◽  
Mark Husband ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Propulsion ◽  
Propulsion Systems ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Stator Design

scholarly journals Determination and uncertainty analysis of inorganic arsenic in rice by UHPLC-ICPMS

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-259
Author(s):  
Rajesh Rangasamy ◽  
Praveen Kumar Malekadi ◽  
D. Peer Mohamed ◽  
Dheeraj Kumar Tyagi ◽  
Rahul Raveendran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Inorganic Arsenic ◽  
Reversed Phase ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Official Control ◽  
Commission Regulation ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Energy Discrimination

The present study arose from the need of to determine inorganic arsenic (iAs) at low levels in rice. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ICPMS) using Kinetic Energy Discrimination (KED) mode to eliminate spectral interferences was used for analysis of iAs. Sample preparation involves extraction of inorganic arsenic (sum of As3+ and As5+) with water by heating at 90 °C for 5 min in water bath. Separation is accomplished with a reversed-phase ion pack column using a gradient chromatographic method followed by ICPMS analysis within 5 min. The method was validated in accordance with Commission Regulation (EU) No 836/2011 and performance characteristics were verified. Acceptable values were obtained for specificity, repeatability (HorRatr < 0.6), within-lab reproducibility (HorRatR < 0.3) with recovery 80-90%, limit of quantification (0.02 mg/kg), fitness-for-purpose and trueness (using CRM); thus, the method can be considered for official control purposes.

Submicron Patterns on Sapphire Substrate Produced by Dual Layer Photoresist Complimentary Lithography

2013 ◽  
Vol 284-287 ◽  
pp. 334-341
Author(s):  
Chun Ming Chang ◽  
Ming Hua Shiao ◽  
Don Yau Chiang ◽  
Chin Tien Yang ◽  
Mao Jung Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Semiconductor Industry ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Acid Etching ◽  
Direct Write ◽  
Etching Solution ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Aqueous Acid

In this study, the combined technologies of dual-layer photoresist complimentary lithography (DPCL), inductively coupled plasma-reactive ion etching (ICP-RIE) and laser direct-write lithography (LDL) are applied to produce the submicron patterns on sapphire substrates. The inorganic photoresist has almost no resistance for chlorine containing plasma and aqueous acid etching solution. However, the organic photoresist has high resistance for chlorine containing plasma and aqueous acid etching solution. Moreover, the inorganic photoresist is less etched by oxygen plasma etching process. The organic and inorganic photoresists deposit sequentially into a composite photoresist on a substrate. The DPCL takes advantages of the complementary chemical properties of organic and inorganic photoresists. We fabricated two structures with platform and non-platform structure. The non-platform structure featured structural openings, the top and bottom diameters and the depth are approximately 780 nm, 500 nm and 233 nm, respectively. The platform structure featured structural openings, the top and bottom diameters and the depth are approximately 487 nm, 288 nm and 203 nm, respectively. The precision submicron or nanoscale patterns of large etched area and patterns with high aspect ratio can be quickly produced by this technique. This technology features a low cost but high yield production technology. It has the potential applications in fabrication of micro-/nanostructures and devices for the optoelectronic industry, semiconductor industry and energy industry.

Using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry to Assess Essential and Performance-Enhancing Metals in the Urine of Racehorses

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 490-498
Author(s):  
Abdul Khader Karakka Kal ◽  
Zubair Perwad ◽  
Tajudheen K Karatt ◽  
Jahfar Nalakath ◽  
Michael Subhahar
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Research Work ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Sport Events

Abstract Recently, an increased tendency to use various metals has been observed in the sports competition fields. Many of these metals and their organic complexes reportedly have good pharmacologic, therapeutic and performance-enhancement uses; they are banned or recommended as controlled medications in competitive sports. The objective of this research was to determine the concentration of pharmacologically relevant metals in urine samples collected from racehorses at various sport events, develop a method and assess the concentrations of above metals using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Seven alkali–alkaline earth metals (lithium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, strontium and barium) and six heavy metals (chromium, cobalt, copper, zinc, arsenic and selenium) were studied in detail. To compare and confirm the concentrations of these metals, the screening was carried out on the basis of region and sex of the animal. ICP-MS provides extremely high sensitivity that enables the determination of the metals at very low concentration from complex biological matrices. From the research, it is clear that irrespective of sex and region the concentration of metal is very high in some samples, might be accidental or intentional doping to improve sporting performances. This research work is of significant importance in setting threshold values for screening metals in race day samples in order to avoid potential harmful effects on athletes and the depth of malpractices, it can bring to sports.

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