scholarly journals Differential distribution of transforming growth factor-a immunohistochemistry within whole gastric mucosa in rats

10.4081/847 ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 359 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Natale ◽  
G Lazzeri ◽  
C Blandizzi ◽  
M Ferrucci ◽  
M Del Tacca
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Parietal Cells ◽  
Homogeneous Distribution ◽  
Intense Staining ◽  
Mean Intensity ◽  
Greater Curvature ◽  
Parallel Strips ◽  
Lesser Curvature

Transforming growth factor-a (TGF-a) plays an important role in both proliferation and differentiation of mucosal cells at the gastrointestinal level, including stomach, where it is constitutively produced. This study evaluated the immunohistochemical distribution of TGF-a within whole gastric mucosa in rats, through the examination of seriate sections. Each stomach was opened along the greater curvature, pinned upon a cork plate, fixed in formalin and cut in 2-mm parallel strips which were sequentially superimposed on a glass slide. Sections were immunostained for TGF-a and pictures were taken from three areas: greater and lesser curvature; mucosa lying between the two curvatures. The sections were graded on the basis of the intensity of TGF-a staining, which was scored as follows: 0) no staining; 1) weakly positive; 2) intensely positive. The percent number of immunopositive cells and a mean intensity were calculated. Gastric mucosa showed a marked immunopositivity to TGF-a, mainly in parietal cells whose cytoplasm displayed moderate to intense staining. Positive cells (and the mean intensity) of total mucosa were 15.7±6.1% (1.13±0.42). However, they were not uniformly distributed, being 26.3±1.9% (1.67±0.24) in the mucosa lying between the two curvatures, 12.4±2.5% (1.52±0.22) along the lesser curvature and 8.3±2.1% (0.31±0.17) along the greater curvature. These results show that parietal cells of rat gastric mucosa exhibit immunoreactivity to TGF-a. Considering the gastroprotective effects of this factor, its non-homogeneous distribution within different areas may be of importance in understanding the lesion pattern of gastric damage after the administration of noxious agents.

scholarly journals Kex2 family endoprotease furin is expressed specifically in pit-region parietal cells of the rat gastric mucosa

1999 ◽  
Vol 277 (1) ◽  
pp. G183-G190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hitoshi Kamimura ◽  
Yoshitaka Konda ◽  
Hiromi Yokota ◽  
Sei-Ichi Takenoshita ◽  
Yukio Nagamachi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Promoter Activity ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Gastric Gland ◽  
Parietal Cells ◽  
Luciferase Assay ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Α ◽  
Proliferative Zone ◽  
Rat Gastric Mucosa

The proprotein-processing endoprotease furin is localized in the gastric epithelial cells of the pit region in the rat gastric gland. The gastric pit is composed of several cell types, including gastric surface mucosal (GSM) cells and parietal cells. Furin converts many growth- or differentiation-related proproteins to their active forms. We examined identification of furin-positive cells by immunostaining of rat gastric mucosa and regulators of the furin expression by measuring the furin promoter activity by luciferase assay. Furin-positive cells were stained for H+-K+-ATPase, indicating that they are parietal cells. Furin-positive parietal cells were not stained for transforming growth factor-α (TGF-α) but were surrounded by TGF-α-positive GSM cells. In contrast, parietal cells below the proliferative zone were positive for TGF-α but not for furin. Furin-positive parietal cells expressed a high level of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). TGF-α stimulated the furin promoter activity highly in a mouse GSM cell line GSM06. Thus we suggest that the parietal cells of the pit region have furin-mediated functions that can be stimulated by EGFR signaling.

Induction of transcriptional activity of AP-1 and NF-κB in the gastric mucosa during aging

2000 ◽  
Vol 278 (6) ◽  
pp. G855-G865 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi-Qiang Xiao ◽  
Adhip P. N. Majumdar
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Transcriptional Activity ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Nuclear Factor Κb ◽  
Activator Protein 1 ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Α ◽  
Mapk Activity ◽  
Age Related

Although aging enhances expression and tyrosine kinase activity of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in the gastric mucosa, there is no information about EGFR signaling cascades. We examined the age-related changes in mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) [extracellular signal-related kinases (ERKs), c-Jun NH2-terminal kinases (JNKs), and p38], an EGFR-induced signaling cascade, and activator protein-1 (AP-1) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) transcriptional activity in the gastric mucosa of 4- to 6-, 12- to 14-, and 22- to 24-mo-old Fischer 344 rats. AP-1 and NF-κB transcriptional activity in the gastric mucosa rose steadily with advancing age. This can be further induced by transforming growth factor-α. The age-related activation of AP-1 and NF-κB in the gastric mucosa was associated with increased levels of c-Jun, c-Fos, and p52, but not p50 or p65. Total and phosphorylated IκBα levels in the gastric mucosa were unaffected by aging. Aging was also associated with marked activation of ERKs (p42/p44) and JNK1. In contrast, aging decreased p38 MAPK activity in the gastric mucosa. Our observation of increased activation of ERKs and JNK1 in the gastric mucosa of aged rats suggests a role for these MAPKs in regulating AP-1 and NF-κB transcriptional activity. These events may be responsible for the age-related rise in gastric mucosal proliferative activity.

Biological factors in human cutaneous melanoma correlated to disease stage

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 9053-9053
Author(s):  
E. G. Elias ◽  
B. K. Sharma ◽  
J. H. Hasskamp ◽  
A. M. Avergas ◽  
S. L. Beam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Cutaneous Melanoma ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Regional Lymph Node ◽  
Distant Metastases ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Β ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
Intense Staining ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor Basic

9053 Background: Cutaneous melanoma cells express a variety of cytokines and growth factors (C/GF) as the tumor progresses. This study was undertaken to identify various C/GF at different stages of the disease with the hope of identifying prognostic factors. Methods: Immunohistochemical (IHC) studies were performed on 62 specimens of parafinized human melanoma comprised of 12 primaries, 10 local recurrences, 6 intransit, 15 regional lymph node and 19 distant metastases. Staining for 17 C/GF was performed using commercially available antibodies on Bond-Max automated IHC system. Results: The overexpression of C/GF in primary lesions was compared to distant metastases with regard to intensity and extent of staining. Data was dichotomized as positive (dark staining) or negative (lesser or no staining). There was simultaneous intense staining of 4–15 C/GF in primaries and 3–14 C/GF in metastatic lesions. Comparing primaries to metastases by Chi-Square using Fisher's exact test, statistical differences were seen in intensities of transforming growth factor-β (p<0.001), β-catenin (p<0.01), Bcl-2 (p<0.01). Staining intensities of IL-8 approached significance (p<0.058). Statistical differences in extent of staining between primaries and metastases were found for insulin-like growth factor-1 (p<0.01), fibroblast growth factor-basic (p<0.05) and IL-15 (p<0.05). Conclusions: Potential dynamic changes in overexpression or loss of expression of C/GF in metastatic melanoma is not clearly understood and may reflect on mutations. Melanoma is an extremely heterogeneous tumor and no single targeted therapeutic agent can control this disease. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

Lectin binding to parietal cells of human gastric mucosa.

1986 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Kessimian ◽  
B J Langner ◽  
P N McMillan ◽  
H O Jauregui
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Lectin Binding ◽  
Binding Activity ◽  
Parietal Cells ◽  
Human Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Peanut Agglutinin ◽  
Intense Staining ◽  
Lectin Receptors ◽  
Ulex Europaeus

A light microscopic and ultrastructural analysis of lectin receptors on parietal cells from human gastric mucosa was performed utilizing 12 biotinylated lectins in conjunction with an avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex. Peanut agglutinin conjugated directly to peroxidase was also used. Several fixatives and fixation regimens were evaluated for optimal preservation of parietal cell saccharide moieties. Formalin proved to be the most practical fixative for light microscopic studies. A periodate-lysine-paraformaldehyde (PLP) combination provided good preservation of lectin binding capacity but yielded relatively poor ultrastructure. Conversely, glutaraldehyde provided excellent preservation of ultrastructure but a somewhat diminished lectin binding activity, which was overcome by using long incubation times and high concentrations of reagents. Parietal cells reacted strongly with Bandieraea simplicifolia, Dolichos biflorus, peanut agglutinin, and soybean agglutinin (all specific for galactosyl/galactosaminyl groups) and weakly with Ulex europaeus (specific for fucose). At the light microscopic level a beaded, perinuclear staining pattern was observed which, ultrastructurally, corresponded to an intense staining of intracytoplasmic canaliculi. The membranes of the intracytoplasmic canaliculi were characterized by an abundance of galactosyl residues, a paucity of fucosyl groups, and a lack of mannosyl and glucosyl residues. The biochemical and physiological significance of these findings is discussed.

The Role of Transforming Growth Factor ? Formulation on Aspirin-Induced Ulcer Healing and Oxidant Stress in the Gastric Mucosa

Surgery Today ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (12) ◽  
pp. 1035-1040 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bilge G�n�l ◽  
K. Gonca Akbulut ◽  
�i?dem �zer ◽  
G�lay Yetkin ◽  
Nevin �elebi
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Ulcer Healing ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Oxidant Stress
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