scholarly journals Evolution of the concept of abuse of means of correction and discipline - L’evoluzione della nozione di abuso dei mezzi di correzione o disciplina - Evolución del concepto de abuso de los medios de corrección y disciplina

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuela Antonioni ◽  
Massimiliano Cesare Fornari
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Penal Code ◽  
Disciplinary Power ◽  
Social Customs ◽  
Active Subject ◽  
The Supreme Court

The crime of abuse of means of correction and discipline connotes punishment pipeline generally lawful, such as those relating to the use of the means of correction and discipline against a subject about which you have any disciplinary power, but that present an excess sufficient to overcome the rehabilitative purpose inherent in the aforementioned means alone which involves the legality of their forecast without falling in the application of an offense under Article. 571 penal code, modified never in literal text. Historically the interpretation of the scope of such incriminating case was not easy, as it has suffered more than other rules of the evolution of social customs, family and more generally cultural, which definitely has inevitably impacted on the scale of the notion abuse. The jurisprudence of the Supreme Court, such as about who has promptly implemented the guidelines, has greatly expanded the area of the illegality of the means of correction and discipline, reaching now to encompass any form of violence also moral or psychological, which It is therefore totally banned from the range of application of the provision and the use of means not only illegal but also whether former lawful when modified the underlying disciplinary order, which so discriminate more behaviors that the active subject holds despite a rehabilitative purpose actually, as it was considered by the jurisprudence dating. RiassuntoIl reato di abuso dei mezzi di correzione e disciplina connota la punizione di condotte in generale lecite, quali quelle relative all’utilizzo dei mezzi di correzione e disciplina nei confronti di un soggetto riguardo al quale si disponga di un potere disciplinare qualsiasi, ma che presentino un eccesso tale da superare la finalità rieducativa insita nei predetti mezzi la sola quale comporta la liceità della loro previsione senza scadere nell’applicazione della figura di reato prevista dall’art. 571 codice penale, mai novellata nel testo letterale. Storicamente l’interpretazione della portata di tale fattispecie incriminatrice non è stata agevole, in quanto ha risentito più di altre norme dell’evoluzione del costume sociale, familiare e più in generale culturale, la quale ha senz’altro inciso inevitabilmente sull’ampiezza della nozione di abuso. La giurisprudenza della Suprema Corte di Cassazione, come quella di merito che ne ha prontamente recepito gli orientamenti, ha allargato notevolmente l’area della illiceità dei mezzi di correzione e disciplina, pervenendo ormai a ricomprendervi qualsiasi forma di violenza anche morale o psicologica, la quale risulta pertanto bandita totalmente dal novero dell’applicazione della disposizione in esame, nonché l’utilizzo di mezzi non solo illeciti ex se ma anche leciti allorquando trasmodino il fine disciplinare sotteso, che quindi non scrimina più quei comportamenti che il soggetto attivo tiene pur in presenza di uno scopo effettivamente rieducativo,  così come si riteneva da parte della giurisprudenza più risalente. Resumen El delito de abuso de los medios de corrección y disciplina connota una línea de castigo generalmente legal, como los relacionados con el uso de los medios de corrección y disciplina contra un sujeto sobre el cual tiene algún poder disciplinario, pero que presentan un exceso suficiente para superar el propósito de rehabilitación inherente a los medios mencionados anteriormente implica la legalidad de su pronóstico sin caer en la aplicación de un delito en virtud del artículo. 571 código penal, modificado nunca en texto literal. Históricamente, la interpretación del alcance de este caso incriminatorio no fue fácil, ya que ha sufrido más que otras reglas de la evolución de las costumbres sociales, familiares y, en general, culturales, lo que definitivamente ha impactado inevitablemente en la escala del abuso de la noción. La jurisprudencia de la Corte Suprema, como sobre quién ha implementado las pautas rápidamente, ha expandido en gran medida el área de la ilegalidad de los medios de corrección y disciplina, llegando ahora a abarcar cualquier forma de violencia también moral o psicológica, que es por lo tanto totalmente prohibido del rango de aplicación de la disposición y el uso de medios no solo ilegales, sino también si eran legales cuando se modificaba la orden disciplinaria subyacente, lo que discrimina más comportamientos que el sujeto activo tiene a pesar de un propósito de rehabilitación en realidad, ya que se consideró por la datación jurisprudencial.

scholarly journals PRUNING OF SECTION 377, INDIAN PENAL CODE, 1860 AND CHANGED DYNAMICS OF MORALITY IN INDIAN SOCIETY

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 1077-1081
Author(s):  
Parul Yadav ◽  
Komal Vig
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Supreme Court ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Penal Code ◽  
Indian Society ◽  
Supreme Court Of India ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Indian Penal Code

Purpose: The research paper has been written in order to analyze the impact of reading down the notorious section of Indian Penal Code, 1860 which being Section 377 which penalized every sexual act other than a heterosexual union even if consensual in the judgment given by the Supreme Court of India in Navjot Singh v. Union of India on the society of India. This paper aims to see its impact on the morality of the Indian community on the known definitions and working of the morality in the social and the legal system. Methodology: In this work classical method of research has been followed which being doctrinal research also, a comparative analysis between the legal text of Section 377 of Indian Penal Code, 1860 and the judgments announced by the Supreme court of India has been undertaken with the proportional qualitative analysis done with moral set up of Indian Society. Main Findings: The analysis conducted on law and social structure of Indian Society by the researchers point out to the fact that after reading down of Section 377, the social set-up of India is resenting the recognition granted to third sex and gender because it disturbs its moral thread which has knitted the social structure known as of now and introduces a third angle in known concepts of sex and sexuality which till now have been relying on parallel tracks of male and female sex/gender. Application: This research piece will aid students in understanding the concept of morality and will demonstrate its effect on the working of the Criminal system of a country. Moreover, it will also give support in understanding the role of biological sex and sexual preferences in shaping law as known today. Novelty/Originality: This research is novel in its attempt of wherein morality has been traced in the criminal legal system of the country which is most prominent in issues related to the sex of the human body and its sexuality.

scholarly journals Case Comment: Alister Anthony Pareira v. State of Maharashtra

1970 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-95
Author(s):  
Joseph Alby
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Penal Code ◽  
Critical Commentary ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Drunken Driving ◽  
Indian Penal Code

Earlier, cases of drunken driving resulting in an accident were determined in accordance with sections 337 and 338 of the Indian Penal Code, 1860 (IPC). Relatively lenient, these provisions warrant maximum punishments of imprisonment for 6 months and 2 years respectively. However the Supreme Court in Alister Anthony Pareira v. State of Maharashtra held that in a case where an allegation is raised regarding an accident being caused as a consequence of drunkenness, the investigating agency is bound to register the case under section of 304, IPC. Section 304 part II deals with culpable homicide not amounting to murder, and imposes a punishment of 10 years rigorous imprisonment. As a result, drunken driving has now been made punishable under section 304 part II as well as under sections 337 and 338, which deal with injury caused by negligence. The objective of this study is to provide a critical commentary of the aforementioned judgment.

scholarly journals The role of the advocate in the ensuring the unity of the judicial practice in civil cases

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. I. Popov
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Supreme Court ◽  
Civil Process ◽  
Judicial Practice ◽  
Active Subject ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
The Status ◽  
Civil Cases ◽  
Grand Chamber ◽  
The Individual

The presented work highlights the possible ways of the advocate's influence on the implementation by the Supreme Court of the function of ensuring the unity of judicial practice in civil cases. Without denying the status of the Supreme Court as a central institution in the field of forming unified approaches to law enforcement, attention is focused on the fact that the dynamics of procedural legislation in terms of regulating procedures for access to cassation in civil cases allows us to rethink the mission and content of the representative function of a lawyer at the appropriate stage of the civil process. Based on the analysis of the current edition of the Civil Procedure Code of Ukraine, it is argued that the ability of the advocate to be an active subject of influence on the formation of a unified law enforcement practice is most noticeably manifested when overcoming existing filters of access to cassation, in particular, when applying to the Supreme Court with a cassation appeal, which today demands from the advocate extended argumentation when proving the existence of grounds for cassation revision, with a thorough analysis of the established practice of the cassation court and, at times, giving reasons for the need to deviate from such practice and form new law enforcement approaches.          Along with the above, among the individual methods of influence of the advocate on ensuring the unity of judicial practice, the filing of a petition for the suspension of proceedings on the basis of a review of a court decision in similar legal relations (in another case) by way of appeal by the chambers of the Supreme Court, as well as a petition to transfer the case for consideration The Grand Chamber of the Supreme Court in connection with the need to resolve an exceptional legal problem.

scholarly journals El delito de caza furtiva en tiempo de veda. Comentario a la STS 3566/2020, de 3 de noviembre

2021 ◽  
pp. 261
Author(s):  
Alfredo Liñán Lafuente
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Penal Code ◽  
The Supreme Court

La Sala Segunda del Tribunal Supremo en su sentencia nº 3566/2020, de 3 de noviembre, ha concluido que la caza de una especie no protegida en temporada de veda es constitutiva de un delito del art. 335.1 CP. En el presente artículo se analiza la sentencia, el artículo 335 1. y 2 CP y se plantean las consecuencias que se pueden derivar de la interpretación la que opta el Tribunal Supremo.The Second Chamber of the Supreme Court in its judgment No. 3566/2020, of 3 November, has concluded that the hunting of an unprotected species during the season closed to hunting is always an offence under art. 335.1 CP. This article assesses the judgment and article 335.1. and 2 of the Penal Code and it raises the consequences that can stem from the interpretation chosen by the Supreme Court.

scholarly journals La responsabilidad subsidiaria ex delicto derivada del art. 121 del Código Penal y la responsabilidad patrimonial de las administraciones públicas : breve aproximación jurisprudencial

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Cámara Mas
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Penal Code ◽  
Civil Action ◽  
The Public ◽  
Civil Responsibility ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Administrative Jurisdiction

El presente trabajo estudia las relaciones entre la responsabilidad civil ex delicto derivada del art. 121 del Código Penal y la responsabilidad patrimonial de las administraciones públicas especialmente en su vertiente procesal. Para ello, se parte del análisis de la jurisprudencia dictada por los tribunales del orden jurisdiccional civil, penal y contencioso-administrativo. La interpretación efectuada por las salas segunda y tercera del Tribunal Supremo ha contribuido a configurar ambas acciones como plenamente autónomas entre sí, admitiendo la posibilidad de su ejercicio simultáneo o sucesivo, doctrina que se aparta de la propia conceptualización de la acción civil ex delicto realizada por la sala primera del mismo tribunal.This article studies the relations between the civil responsibility ex delicto derivative from the article 121 of Penal Code and the patrimonial responsibility of the public administrations specifically in the procedural order. This study splits the analysis of the jurisprudence dictated by the courts of the civil, penal and contentious-administrative jurisdiction. The interpretation effected by the second and third chamber of the Supreme Court has helped for both actions to be fully autonomous, admitting the possibility of his simultaneous or successive exercise, doctrine that is separated of the own conceptualization of the civil action ex delicto realized by the first chamber of the same court.

scholarly journals Prohibition to approach a certain distance and / or to certain persons, to be in a certain place as a measure of a criminal nature (on the example of the Penal Code of the Republic of Poland)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (16) ◽  
pp. 54-67
Author(s):  
Olesia Mykhailivna Cheban
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Supreme Court ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Penal Code ◽  
Place Of Residence ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Legal Nature ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Specific Position ◽  
The Republic

The article analyzes the provisions of the Polish Penal Code in terms of establishing a ban on being in certain environments or places, contact with certain people, approaching certain persons or leaving a special place of residence without the consent of the court, as a kind of criminal measure. Sais about  prohibitions to hold a specific position, engage in a certain profession or carry out certain types of economic activity. In the Polish Penal Code, the analyzed prohibitions apply to the perpetrator in the case of an intentional crime combined with violence, and are binding from the entry into force of the court decision in the criminal case. It is known that in Ukraine there are special measures to combat domestic violence in the form of an urgent injunction against the offender and a restrictive injunction against the offender. In its legal positions, the Supreme Court revealed the essence (legal nature) of the restrictive order as a temporary measure of restraint, which is not a measure of punishment for a person. The Supreme Court also justified the legitimacy of the restraining order in the form of a temporary prohibition on the offender to stay and approach real estate, even if he is its co-owner, because he committed domestic violence against relatives. Measures in the restrictive order in relation to the offender are taken to decide on the qualification of his actions and the decision on him in criminal proceedings. However, the danger of continuing or re-committing domestic violence, the occurrence of serious consequences for the victim remains after the case in court. Therefore, prohibitions to approach the victim at a certain distance, to be in a place of residence should not lose their force and relevance, and in turn, begin to play a preventive role as a measure of criminal law. The author proved the importance of expanding the list of «other measures of a criminal nature» by including a ban on approaching a certain distance and / or to certain persons, a ban on being in a certain place in Section XIV of the General Part of the Criminal Code of Ukraine.

Rozważania o społecznej szkodliwości czynu na podstawie art. 497a Kodeksu wyborczego. Teoria i praktyka

2021 ◽  
Vol 1(162) ◽  
pp. 147-159
Author(s):  
Radosław Zych
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
European Parliament ◽  
Penal Code ◽  
Social Harm ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Specific Part

The purpose of this article is to answer the question whether the assessment of the degree of social harm of offences against elections can be determined by their hierarchy established on the basis of the systematics of the specific part of the Penal Code. The aim of the study is to show the phenomenon of carrying away ballot papers and to assess the degree of social harm of the act. The reports of the National Electoral Commission on the 2019 elections to the European Parliament and on the 2019 elections to the Sejm and Senate of the Republic of Poland were examined with regard to improper handling of the ballot papers. In addition, the decision of the Supreme Court of 2019 resolving the electoral protest based on the allegation of violation of Article 497a of the Electoral Code was analysed.

scholarly journals Recent debate on landmark anti-caste legislation in India

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-63
Author(s):  
Ayan Guha
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Penal Code ◽  
Court Order ◽  
Sense Of Security ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Scheduled Castes ◽  
Recent Debate ◽  
Procedural Safeguards ◽  
Indian Penal Code

The Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989 was enacted to prevent atrocities against the Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs). It prescribed penalties that are more stringent than the corresponding offences under the Indian Penal Code and other laws. Despite flaws in implementation, this Act has provided the SCs and STs with some sense of security. But it is often alleged that this law is frequently misused. A recent Supreme Court order has attempted to introduce some procedural safeguards to curb the misuse of this Act. But many, particularly the Dalit groups, believe that in doing so the Supreme Court has ended up diluting this landmark legislation. In this context, this article analyses the recent judicial pronouncement and presents the arguments for and against it.

scholarly journals „Hún reyndi ekki að kalla á hjálp...“

Ritið ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 67-96
Author(s):  
Þórhildur Sæmundsdóttir ◽  
Þorgerður J. Einarsdóttir
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Supreme Court ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Rape Myths ◽  
Penal Code ◽  
Victim Blaming ◽  
Foreign Origin ◽  
The Supreme Court

The paper analyzes the rulings of the Supreme Court of iceland in rape cases after changes in the penal code in 1992 and 2007. The study employs discourse analysis in which legitimizing principles are identified. The aim of the paper is to explore whether victim blaming, misogyny or other such attitudes are reflected in the rul­ings. The paper concludes that the rulings’ focus is mainly on physical abuse and violence although less emphasis is put on that after the changes in the penal code. Mental harm caused by rape is often given little attention or even completely igno­red. One main conclusion is that rape myths are reflected in the rulings and victim blaming is common although it is decreasing. it is also apparent that the emphasis on victim blaming diminishes if the perpetrator is of foreign origin.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document