scholarly journals Trend in Prevalence of Smoking and Motivation to Quit among Korean Adult Male Cancer Survivors over the Last 8 Years: The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey V–VII (2010–2017)

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 281-287
Author(s):  
Seung Won Cheon ◽  
Seung Guk Park ◽  
Sun Mi Yoo ◽  
Hyo Eun Kim ◽  
Hyun Ji Kim
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
National Health ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Cancer Group ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Motivation To Quit ◽  
Never Smokers ◽  
Motivation To Quit Smoking

Background: This study aimed to investigate trends in the prevalence of current smokers and motivation to quit among Korean male cancer survivors.Methods: Out of 20,012 men who participated in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey V (2010–2012), VI (2013–2015), and VII (2016–2017), 742 cancer survivors were included. A cancer survivor was defined as a person who concurred to the item, “The cancer has been diagnosed by a doctor” in the health questionnaire. Smoking status was classified as current, former, and never smokers. Regarding motivation to quit smoking, we defined those who had a willingness to quit within 6 months as the willing group. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine trends in the prevalence of current smokers and the proportion of the willing group among current smokers.Results: Overall, 3.7% of Korean men who participated in the study were cancer survivors. Current smokers constituted 19.5%, 19.1%, and 15.3% of cancer survivors in phases V, VI, and VII respectively which did not show significant changes (P for trend=0.33). However, the proportion of current smokers in the non-cancer group was significantly reduced to 46.6%, 41.2%, and 38.9% in phases V, VI, and VII, respectively (P for trend <0.001). The proportion of those with a motivation to quit smoking did not show a significant trend in the cancer survivors (P for trend=0.964) and non-cancer group (P for trend=0.884).Conclusion: Prevalence of current smokers and motivation to quit in Korean male cancer survivors did not show significant trends.

scholarly journals Findings from What We Eat in America, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011–2014 support salad consumption as an effective strategy for improving adherence to dietary recommendations

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (06) ◽  
pp. 976-987 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rhonda S Sebastian ◽  
Cecilia Wilkinson Enns ◽  
Joseph D Goldman ◽  
M Katherine Hoy ◽  
Alanna J Moshfegh
Keyword(s):  
National Health ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Effective Strategy ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Study Results

AbstractObjectiveTo verify the previously untested assumption that eating more salad enhances vegetable intake and determine if salad consumption is in fact associated with higher vegetable intake and greater adherence to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA) recommendations.DesignIndividuals were classified as salad reporters or non-reporters based upon whether they consumed a salad composed primarily of raw vegetables on the intake day. Regression analyses were applied to calculate adjusted estimates of food group intakes and assess the likelihood of meeting Healthy US-Style Food Pattern recommendations by salad reporting status.SettingCross-sectional analysis of data collected in 2011–2014 in What We Eat in America, the dietary intake component of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.ParticipantsUS adults (n 9678) aged ≥20 years (excluding pregnant and lactating women).ResultsOn the intake day, 23 % of adults ate salad. The proportion of individuals reporting salad varied by sex, age, race, income, education and smoking status (P&lt;0·001). Compared with non-reporters, salad reporters consumed significantly larger quantities of vegetables (total, dark green, red/orange and other), which translated into a two- to threefold greater likelihood of meeting recommendations for these food groups. More modest associations were observed between salad consumption and differences in intake and likelihood of meeting recommendations for protein foods (total and seafood), oils and refined grains.ConclusionsStudy results confirm the DGA message that incorporating more salads in the diet is one effective strategy (among others, such as eating more cooked vegetables) to augment vegetable consumption and adherence to dietary recommendations concerning vegetables.

scholarly journals Associations between Macronutrient Intakes and Obesity/Metabolic Risk Phenotypes: Findings of the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ha-Na Kim ◽  
Sang-Wook Song
Keyword(s):  
National Health ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Metabolic Abnormalities ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health And Nutrition

Obesity is a risk factor for many health issues, as are metabolic abnormalities. However, few studies have addressed the associations between obesity/metabolic risk phenotypes and dietary macronutrient intakes (carbohydrate, protein, and fat). Therefore, this study examined the associations between macronutrient intakes and obesity/metabolic risk phenotypes in a Korean population. We used data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a cross-sectional survey of Korean civilians, conducted in 2014 and 2016, and data on a total of 7374 participants were analyzed. Macronutrient intakes were defined as the proportions of energy derived from carbohydrate, protein, and fat. Those exhibiting obesity/metabolic risk phenotypes (or not) were divided into four groups: normal weight without metabolic abnormalities; obese without metabolic abnormalities; normal weight with metabolic abnormalities; and obese with metabolic abnormalities. After adjusting for age, smoking status, alcohol consumption, extent of physical activity, household income, and daily fiber intake, no association was found between the proportions of carbohydrate, protein, or fat intakes and obesity/metabolic risk phenotypes except for a positive association between metabolically healthy but obese status and low protein intake in females. Further studies are required to evaluate the effects of macronutrient intakes on obesity/metabolic risk phenotypes and associated health outcomes.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Periodontitis and its Association with Reduced Pulmonary Function: Results from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

Medicina ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (9) ◽  
pp. 581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee ◽  
Lee
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
National Health ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
World Health ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Current Smoking Status ◽  
Current Smoking ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Periodontal Index

Background and Objectives: The current study was performed to evaluate the prevalence of periodontitis and to examine the association between reduced pulmonary function and periodontitis using Sixth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) in 2014. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional evaluation was conducted to estimate the prevalence of periodontitis and to examine the association between periodontitis and reduced pulmonary function while adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics and current smoking status in survey participants between 40 and 79 years old. The presence of periodontitis was evaluated by community periodontal index defined by the World Health Organization, and the assessments of reduced pulmonary function data were made as “normal,” “restrictive impairment,” or “obstructive impairment.” Results: A total of 4004 survey participants representing 25.4 million Koreans were included in the study. Overall, 41.1% of the study population were determined to have periodontitis, and 22.1% had reduced pulmonary function; 7.9% and 14.2% had restrictive- and obstructive- pulmonary impairments, respectively. Age, male gender, and current smoking status were positive predictors for periodontitis. Insurance coverage by workplace and higher education were protective factors against periodontitis. The association between periodontitis and restrictive impairment (adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.059, 95% CI 0.729–1.540) or obstructive impairment (adjusted OR = 1.140, 95% CI 0.849–1.530) was not significant. Conclusions: For Koreans, 40–79 years old, age, smoking status, gender, education, and insurance coverage were significant predictors of periodontitis. The prevalence of periodontitis was not significantly associated with reduced pulmonary function. To better understand the relationship between periodontitis and reduced pulmonary function, well-designed and larger scale epidemiologic studies are needed.

scholarly journals Smoking Habits and Beliefs About Smoking in Elderly Patients With COPD During Hospitalisation

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-21
Author(s):  
Nina H. Bjarnason ◽  
Kim L. Mikkelsen ◽  
Philip Tønnesen
Keyword(s):  
Positive Association ◽  
Reference Population ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Motivation To Quit ◽  
Motivation Scale ◽  
Never Smokers ◽  
Motivation To Quit Smoking

AbstractTo study beliefs about smoking and COPD, and motivation for smoking discontinuation we recruited 100 COPD patients during admission for exacerbation. They were asked about motivation to quit smoking and about disease understanding. We compared their survival with that of 324 COPD patients and with survival of age-matched Danes. Forty-five smokers, 50 ex-smokers and five never-smokers were included. Mean value of age was 77.5 years, number of years smoking was 51.8, and FEV1 was 0.79 L. Most patients were not certain about the association between smoking and COPD. Only 16% thought that their smoking had caused COPD and 24% thought that they would not suffer from COPD, had they not smoked. Three out of the six motivation questions could be included in a mutual quantitative scale (alpha = 0.76). Thirty per cent (r = 0.55, p = .005) of the variation in the motivation scale score was explained by number of years with smoking (negative association), number of cigarettes smoked per day (positive association) and BMI (negative association). Mortality was lower than in the reference population (RR = 0.63, p = .005), but higher than in age-matched Danes. Many patients are not certain about the association between smoking and COPD. We developed a smoking cessation motivation scale based on three questions.

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