scholarly journals The Impact of Preventive Interventions on Intimate Partner Violence among Pregnant Women Resident in Hamadan City Slum Areas Using the PEN-3 Model: Control Randomized Trial Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 438-444
Author(s):  
Khadije Ezzati Rastegar ◽  
Babak Moeini ◽  
Forouzan Rezapur-Shahkolai ◽  
Asadollah Naghdi ◽  
Manoochehr Karami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Model Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Slum Areas

Background: Intimate partner violence is a severe life-threatening criminal and public health problem affecting the well-being of individuals, families, and society. Planning interventions to reduce the burden of this persistent and criminal violence should be relevant culturally and socially.Methods: In this randomized control trial, 150 pregnant women residing in slum areas of Hamadan were randomly assigned to two groups (intervention group: n=50 and control group: n=100). Interventional strategies included educating the victims based on local cultural norms, culturally sensitive individual and group counseling, and educating health care providers. Data were collected via face-to-face interviews at baseline and again at 3 months after the intervention. We used a paired t-test to evaluate the effect of the intervention by comparing changes in the outcomes measured.Results: There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups at baseline in terms of sociodemographic characteristics. Post-test scores of knowledge (7.50±2.65 vs. 5.14±3.51, P=0.001), communication skills (18.38±4.25 vs. 16.2±3.83, P=0.04), and family support and social expectation of obedience (15.79±4.45 vs. 13.40±4.57, P=0.005) of the victims were statistically significantly higher in the experimental group compared to the control group. Moreover, physical (0.74±2.28 vs. 1.20±2.60, P=0.06), psychological (2.80±4.10 vs. 4.52±5.43, P=0.06), and sexual (0.11±0.58 vs. 0.61±1.22, P=0.04) violence reduced in the experimental group compared to the control group.Conclusion: Culturally relevant interventions can reduce intimate partner violence.

scholarly journals The impact of intimate partner violence on the trajectory of perinatal depression: a cohort study in a Chinese sample

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fengsu Hou ◽  
Xingyu Zhang ◽  
Catherine Cerulli ◽  
Wenjun He ◽  
Yushi Mo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Perinatal Depression ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Perinatal Period ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Chinese Sample ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Aims Intimate partner violence (IPV) is an important risk factor for perinatal depression (PND). But IPV's impact on the natural prognosis of PND symptoms is not well understood. We tested two hypotheses: (1) pregnant women with IPV experiences will exhibit more severe PND symptoms than women without IPV experience; (2) IPV experience will impede the recovery prognosis of PND. We also explored the contribution of IPV to PND comparing with other risk factors. Method The sample is comprised of 813 pregnant women followed through perinatal period in Hunan, China. We assessed IPV experience using items from the Short Form of the Revised Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS2S), and PND symptoms via the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPSD). We conducted Linear Mixed-effects Model to compare the trajectories of PND symptoms between victims and non-victims and a multistage Generalised Estimating Equations Model to explore salient factors on the trajectory of PND symptoms. Results There were 90 participants (11.07%) who reported IPV experience in the past 12 months. With respect to physical, psychological and sexual violence, the prevalence was 4.55% (37/813), 9.23% (75/813) and 2.34% (19/813). Victims reported more severe PND symptoms (t = 5.30, p < 0.01) and slower decreasing slope of trajectories (t = 28.89, p < 0.01). The PND trajectory was associated with IPV experience (OR = 3.78; 95% CI 1.39–10.26), social support (OR = 0.93; 95% CI 0.88–0.97), positive coping strategies (OR = 0.85; 95% CI 0.80–0.91), negative coping strategies (OR = 1.25; 95% CI 1.14–1.37) and monthly income of $0.15–$298.36 (compared to no income, OR = 0.0075; 95% CI 0.00052–0.11). Conclusions The findings suggest the reported prevalence of IPV is lower in Hunan than most of the previous studies during perinatal period in other provinces of China, and IPV victimisation is associated with increased severity and slowed prognosis of PND symptoms. Future studies that screen for victimisation and establish its explicit mechanism to the poorer prognosis of PND symptoms would benefit the prevention and treatment of PND.

scholarly journals Midwives’ Attitudes Toward and Experience With a Tablet Intervention to Promote Safety Behaviors for Pregnant Women Reporting Intimate Partner Violence: Qualitative Study (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Garnweidner-Holme ◽  
Lena Henriksen ◽  
Eva Marie Flaathen ◽  
Tone Klette Bøhler ◽  
Mirjam Lukasse
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Prenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Safety Behaviors ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Technical Problems ◽  
Face To Face

BACKGROUND Violence against women is considered a global health problem, and intimate partner violence (IPV) around the time of childbirth can have severe consequences for mother and child. Prenatal care is considered a window of opportunity to address IPV and ask women about exposure to violence since women are in regular contact with health care providers. Mobile health (mHealth) interventions might overcome the barriers to talking about IPV face-to-face. OBJECTIVE Our objective was to explore midwives’ attitudes toward a tablet intervention consisting of information about IPV and safety behaviors as well as their experiences with recruiting pregnant women of different ethnic backgrounds in a randomized controlled trial (RCT). METHODS Individual interviews were conducted with 9 midwives who recruited participants for an RCT to test a video to promote safety behaviors delivered on a tablet during prenatal care. Analysis was guided by thematic analysis. RESULTS Midwives perceived the tablet intervention as an appropriate supplement during prenatal care to provide information about IPV and promote safety behaviors. They participated in the RCT primarily to obtain more knowledge regarding how to communicate about IPV. The intervention was perceived as an anonymous door-opener to talk about IPV and a good solution to ensure that every woman gets the same information. However, the content of the intervention had to be trustworthy and align with the information the midwives provide to women. Given the sensitivity of IPV, midwives outlined the importance of following the intervention with face-to-face communication. Midwives reported technical problems and a high demand on their time as the main challenges to recruiting women. They experienced challenges recruiting women of different ethnic backgrounds due to linguistic barriers and the women’s skepticism about scientific research. CONCLUSIONS The tablet intervention might help midwives communicate about IPV. Although the video was considered as an anonymous door-opener to talk about IPV, midwives outlined the importance of following the intervention with face-to-face communication. The scarcity of midwives’ time during consultations has to be considered when implementing the intervention. Further research is needed to overcome barriers that limit inclusion of women from different ethnic backgrounds. CLINICALTRIAL ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03397277; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03397277

Intimate Partner Violence Against Pregnant Jordanian Women at the Time of COVID-19 Pandemic’s Quarantine

2021 ◽  
pp. 088626052098425
Author(s):  
Sanaa Abujilban ◽  
Lina Mrayan ◽  
Shaher Hamaideh ◽  
Salwa Obeisat ◽  
Jalal Damra
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Marital Conflict ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
World Health ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Different Types

In Jordan, women experience considerable levels of different types of violence. The emerging data from different countries indicate that intimate partner violence (IPV) has intensified since the COVID-19 outbreak. The main purpose of the current study is to find out whether there is any difference in the incidence of IPV during and before the COVID-19 pandemic quarantine and whether any sociodemographical factors are related to the incidence of IPV against pregnant women during quarantine. A cross-sectional, correlational design was in this study. The snowball sampling technique was adopted to select the participants, which produced a nonrepresentative sample of 215 pregnant women. The participants completed the Arabic version of the World Health Organization’s Domestic Violence Questionnaire Screening Tool (DVQST). We found that women were exposed to different types of IPV before and during the quarantine. The most prevalent form of IPV was control and humiliation ( n 172, 80%) and the least prevalent was sexual violence (( n 33, 15.3%), ( n 24, 11.2%), respectively). However, there were statistically significant lower DVQST scores during the COVID-19 quarantine than before the quarantine. All types of IPV are significantly correlated with each other and with relationship problems (marital conflict, verbal fighting, understanding each other). While the findings are not generalizable to the general population of pregnant women in Jordan because the sample consisted only of women of high socioeconomic status due to the use of a nonprobability sampling technique, national campaigns should be developed and implemented in order to reduce IPV and change community behaviors and attitudes toward violence against women. It is also recommended that policymakers develop plans to help pregnant women during quarantine by, for example, training care providers on how to access vulnerable women.

scholarly journals Consequences of intimate partner violence against pregnant women and the involvement of health care providers

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-78
Author(s):  
Elena Madalina DUMITRESCU ◽  
◽  
Valeriu GHEORMAN ◽  
Anca PATRASCU ◽  
Ileana Octavia PETRESCU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Prenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Partner Violence Against Women

Background. Violence against women is a major public health problem. Violence against pregnant women has serious health consequences for both pregnant women and child. Purpose. Using an online search on Pubmed our aim was to make a review of consequences of intimate partner violence against women, emphasizing the size of the impacts on pregnant women, pregnancy and child and aspects of the involvement of health providers. Method. The following key words have been on Pubmed introduced: “intimate partner violence“, “violence against women“, “pregnant women“, “pregnancy outcomes“, “prenatal care“. We reviewed research with a high evidence level published in the last five years, using the Pubmed, Cochrane database as well as WHO and EU documents until August 2016. Results. Most women are reluctant to reveal the phenomenon, but there are some who would consider acceptable for doctors to systematically ask about violence if the patient has certain injuries or features. Prenatal care is an opportunity for early identification and prevention of recurrence of such violence against women. Conclusion. The consequences of intimate partner violence against women pregnant are important and serious consequences on both short and long term health of the woman and the child. Health professionals should be prepared formal urgently to recognize situations that might be caused or complicated by IPV and how to react in these situations.

scholarly journals The Impact of NORTH STAR on Suicidality, Substance Problems, Intimate Partner Violence, and Child Abuse

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy M Smith Slep ◽  
Richard E Heyman ◽  
Michael F Lorber ◽  
David J Linkh
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Child Abuse ◽  
Air Force ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Absolute Risk ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Institutional Review Board ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Institutional Review ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Introduction We evaluated the effectiveness of New Orientation for Reducing Threats to Health from Secretive-problems That Affect Readiness (NORTH STAR), a community assessment, planning, and action framework to reduce the prevalence of suicidality, substance problems, intimate partner violence, and child abuse. Materials and Methods One-third of U.S. Air Force bases worldwide were randomly assigned to NORTH STAR (n = 12) or an assessment-and-feedback-only condition (n = 12). Two Air Force-wide, cross-sectional, anonymous, web-based surveys were conducted of randomly selected samples assessing risk/protective factors and outcomes. This study was reviewed and approved by the institutional review board at the investigators’ university and by the institutional review board at Fort Detrick. Results NORTH STAR, relative to control, bases experienced a 33% absolute risk reduction in hazardous drinking rates and cumulative risk, although, given the small number of bases, these effects were not statistically significant. Conclusions Given its relatively low cost, use of empirically supported light-touch interventions, and emphasis on sustainability with existing resources, NORTH STAR may be a useful system for prevention of a range of adult behavioral health problems that are difficult to impact.

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