scholarly journals Ἀποκάλυψισ en ἀποκαλύπτω as wederkomswoorde in die Nuwe Testament

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
H.P. Malan Van Rhyn
Keyword(s):  
New Testament ◽  
Jesus Christ ◽  
Master Plan ◽  
Word Study ◽  
Original Definition ◽  
The New Testament ◽  
Historical Tradition ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Second Coming

Ἀποκάλυψισ and ἀποκαλύπτω as words denoting the second coming in the New Testament. Several Greek words are used in the New Testament to denote the second coming of Christ. None of these words can be translated as ‘second coming’. Two of these words are ἀποκάλυψις and ἀποκαλύπτω. This article departed from the viewpoint that God has a telos [purpose] for revealing that Jesus is coming again. Questions arise whether these words, denoting the second coming, can be treated as exact synonyms or whether there are differences in nuance in the meaning of these words. This article is a step in the process to answer these questions. A word study of the concepts ἀποκάλυψις and ἀποκαλύπτω was done and it was investigated how these terms for the second coming of Christ are used in the New Testament. Furthermore, the telos of the revelation regarding the ἀποκάλυψις of Christ in the relevant chapters of Scripture was determined. This is a question that is seldom addressed. For the word study, diachronic and synchronic methods were used. The development of ἀποκάλυψις and ἀποκαλύπτω into suitable words for denoting the second coming was thus tracked from the Old to the New Testament. For the determination of the use of ἀποκάλυψις and ἀποκαλύπτω in the New Testament, as well as for the determination of the telos of the revelation regarding the second coming, exegesis was conducted in the revelation-historical tradition. The result was an original definition of the meaning of ἀποκάλυψις and ἀποκαλύπτω as used in various contexts: ‘It is the triune God’s final revelation of himself in Jesus Christ at his second coming, in glory, in order to fully reveal, fulfil and realise his Word, his master plan, his covenant and his promises and to be in eternal fellowship with his children.’ The telos for the revelation of the ἀποκάλυψις of Christ was determined as warning believers to be prepared, encouraging and comforting them in afflictions and suffering. A theological definition of the meaning of ἀποκάλυψις provides a handy tool for exegetes. Foreknowledge of the telos of the revelation regarding the ἀποκάλυψις could guide exegetes in their endeavours.Contribution: An original theological definition of the meaning of ἀποκάλυψις and ἀποκαλύπτω was provided and the telos of the revelation regarding ἀποκάλυψις and ἀποκαλύπτω was determined as warning believers to be prepared, encouraging and comforting them in afflictions and suffering.

scholarly journals Ἐπιφάνεια as wederkomswoord in die Nuwe Testament

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
H.P. Malan Van Rhyn
Keyword(s):  
New Testament ◽  
Jesus Christ ◽  
Word Study ◽  
Original Definition ◽  
The New Testament ◽  
Historical Tradition ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Second Coming

Ἐπιφάνεια as a word denoting the second coming in the New Testament. In the New Testament, several Greek words are used to denote the second coming of Christ. None of these words can be translated as ‘second coming’. One of these words is ἐπιφάνεια. This article departed from the viewpoint that God has a telos [purpose] for revealing that Jesus is coming again. Questions arise whether these words, denoting the second coming, can be treated as exact synonyms and whether there are differences in nuance in the meaning of these words. This article is a step in the process to answer these questions. A word study of the concept ἐπιφάνεια was done and it was investigated how this term for the second coming of Christ is used in the New Testament. Furthermore, the telos of the revelation regarding the ἐπιφάνεια of Christ in the relevant chapters of Scripture was determined. This is a question that is seldom addressed. For the word study, diachronic and synchronic methods were used. The development of ἐπιφάνεια into a suitable word for denoting the second coming was thus tracked. For the determination of the use of ἐπιφάνεια in the New Testament, as well as for the determination of the telos of the revelation regarding the second coming, exegesis was conducted in the revelation-historical tradition. The result was an original definition of the meaning of ἐπιφάνεια as used in various contexts: It is the sudden and unexpected, visible appearance and intervention of Jesus Christ as God at his second coming in magnificent splendour to judge, to annihilate his enemies and to redeem the faithful. The main telos for the revelation of the ἐπιφάνεια of Christ was determined as comforting and encouraging the saints, including ministers of the Word. A theological definition of the meaning of ἐπιφάνεια provides a handy tool for exegetes. Foreknowledge of the telos of the revelation regarding the ἐπιφάνεια as comfort and encouragement for the saints, can guide exegetes in their endeavours.Contribution: By means of exegesis in the revelation-historical tradition, an original, theological definition of the meaning of ἐπιφάνεια was provided and the telos of the revelation regarding ἐπιφάνεια was determined as comfort and encouragement for the saints.

scholarly journals Jezus jako ΥΙΟΣ w Corpus Paulinum. Ujęcie typologiczne

2007 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 209
Author(s):  
Piotr Lorek
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
New Testament ◽  
Jesus Christ ◽  
Son Of Man ◽  
The New Testament ◽  
Birth Death ◽  
Second Coming

The New Testament letters attributed to Paul depict Jesus Christ as the Son (υἱός) seventeen times. Using the phenomenon of intertextuality and typology, the present article aims to identify the Old Testament’s inspiration for Pauline use of the title “Son” for Jesus. It appears that some main archetypes of Jesus’ sonship can be recognized (Adam, Isaac, the paschal lamb replacing the firstborn son, Israel corporately as son, David, Solomon, Daniel’s Son of Man, and indirectly Isaiah’s Servant of the Lord). These pictures of sonship are intertwined by Paul and used for all main stages of Jesus’ life and activity (birth, death, resurrection, ascension and ruling, sending the Spirit and the second coming).

The New Testament and Intellectual Humility

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grant Macaskill
Keyword(s):  
New Testament ◽  
Jesus Christ ◽  
Holy Spirit ◽  
Intellectual Humility ◽  
Christian Communities ◽  
The New Testament ◽  
The Holy Spirit ◽  
Sacrificial Love ◽  
The One ◽  
The Mind

This book examines how the New Testament scriptures might form and foster intellectual humility within Christian communities. It is informed by recent interdisciplinary interest in intellectual humility, and concerned to appreciate the distinctive representations of the virtue offered by the New Testament writers on their own terms. It argues that the intellectual virtue is cast as a particular expression of the broader Christian virtue of humility, which proceeds from the believer’s union with Christ, through which personal identity is reconstituted by the operation of the Holy Spirit. Hence, we speak of ‘virtue’ in ways determined by the acting presence of Jesus Christ, overcoming sin and evil in human lives and in the world. The Christian account of the virtue is framed by this conflict, as believers within the Christian community struggle with natural arrogance and selfishness, and come to share in the mind of Christ. The new identity that emerges creates a fresh openness to truth, as the capacity of the sinful mind to distort truth is exposed and challenged. This affects knowledge and perception, but also volition: for these ancient writers, a humble mind makes good decisions that reflect judgments decisively shaped by the sacrificial love of Jesus Christ. By presenting ‘humility of mind’ as a characteristic of the One who is worshipped—Jesus Christ—the New Testament writers insist that we acknowledge the virtue not just as an admission of human deficiency or limitation, but as a positive affirmation of our rightful place within the divine economy.

The Parousia of Christ in the Synoptic Gospels

1959 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. P. Owen
Keyword(s):  
New Testament ◽  
Second Century ◽  
First Century ◽  
Synoptic Gospels ◽  
The New Testament ◽  
2 Peter ◽  
Apostolic Church ◽  
Second Coming

The Second Coming (otherwise called the Parousia)1 of Christ constituted a serious problem for the apostolic Church. One of the earliest of Paul's Epistles (1 Thessalonians) shows how quickly his converts became discouraged when some of their number died before the Lord's appearing. In reply Paul repeats his promise that the Lord will soon return, although in his second epistle he has to give a reminder that Antichrist must first make a final bid for power (1 Thess. 4.15–18, 2 Thess. 2). Similarly the author of Hebrews, writing to a disillusioned and apathetic group of Christians some decades later in the first century, recalls the words of Habakkuk that ‘the Lord will come and not be slow’ (10.37). Finally 2 Peter, the latest book of the New Testament (written, perhaps, as late as the middle of the second century), continues to offer the hope of an imminent Parousia to be accompanied by the world's destruction and renewal (ch. 3). If Christians are tempted to despair they must remember that the word of prophets and Apostles is sure (v. 2) and that with God ‘a thousand years are as one day’ (v. 8).

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index 2000 Responder Index-50 Enhances the Ability of SLE Responder Index to Identify Responders in Clinical Trials

2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (11) ◽  
pp. 2395-2399 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZAHI TOUMA ◽  
DAFNA D. GLADMAN ◽  
DOMINIQUE IBAÑEZ ◽  
SHAHRZAD TAGHAVI-ZADEH ◽  
MURRAY B. UROWITZ
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Original Definition ◽  
Definition Of

Objective.To evaluate the performance of the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Responder Index (SRI) when the SLE Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI-2K) is substituted with SLEDAI-2K Responder Index-50 (SRI-50), a valid and reliable index of disease activity improvement. Also, to determine whether the SRI-50 will enhance the ability of SRI in detecting responders.Methods.Our study was conducted on patients who attended the Lupus Clinic from September 2009 to September 2010. SLEDAI-2K, SRI-50, the British Isles Lupus Assessment Group measure, and the Physician’s Global Assessment were determined initially and at followup. SRI was determined at the followup visit according to its original definition using the SLEDAI-2K score and by substituting SLEDAI-2K with SRI-50.Results.A total of 117 patients with SLEDAI-2K ≥ 4 at baseline were studied. Patients had 1 followup visit over a 3-month period. Twenty-nine percent of patients met the original definition of SRI and 35% of patients met the definition of SRI when SLEDAI-2K was substituted with SRI-50. The use of SRI-50 allowed determination of significant improvement in 7 additional patients. This improvement could not be discerned with the use of SLEDAI-2K as a component of SRI. At followup visits that showed improvement, SRI-50 scores decreased to a greater extent than SLEDAI-2K scores (p < 0.0001).Conclusion.SRI-50 enhances the ability of SRI to identify patients with clinically important improvement in disease activity. SRI-50 was superior to SLEDAI-2K in detecting partial clinical improvement, ≥ 50%, between visits. These properties of the SRI-50 enable it to be used as an independent outcome measure of improvement or as a component of SRI in clinical trials.

Soteria

1953 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 406-416
Author(s):  
R. McL. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
New Testament ◽  
Jesus Christ ◽  
Good News ◽  
Early Church ◽  
The Bible ◽  
The World ◽  
The New Testament ◽  
In Christ ◽  
Love Of God ◽  
Wrath Of God

In the Gospel according to St. John it is written that ‘God so loved the world, that he gave his only begotten Son, that whosoever believeth in him should not perish, but have ever-lasting life. For God sent not his Son into the world to condemn the world; but that the world through him might be saved.’ In these familiar words is summed up the message of the Bible as a whole, and of the New Testament in particular. In spite of all that may be said of sin and depravity, of judgment and the wrath of God, the last word is one not of doom but of salvation. The Gospel of our Lord Jesus Christ is a Gospel of salvation, of deliverance and redemption. The news that was carried into all the world by the early Church was the Good News of the grace and love of God, revealed and made known in Jesus Christ His Son. In the words of Paul, it is that ‘God was in Christ reconciling the world to Himself’.

scholarly journals The figure of Jesus Christ in the context of religious studies

2003 ◽  
pp. 146-157
Author(s):  
Pavlo Yuriyovych Pavlenko
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
New Testament ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Jesus Christ ◽  
Early Christianity ◽  
Religious Studies ◽  
Historical Evidence ◽  
Christian Religion ◽  
The New Testament ◽  
Bruno Bauer

The study of the origins of the Christian religion has always been one of the most difficult problems. This is due, first of all, to the almost complete absence of specific historical evidence of early Christianity and of its founder, which in turn led to the emergence of the so-called "mythological theory" according to which Christianity emerged "spontaneously" in Palestine and is unknown in any way. F. Engels, who borrowed from Bruno Bauer the date of writing the Book of the Annunciation of John the Theologian, the last book of the New Testament canon, played a significant role in the formation of such views. In accepting this date, understanding of Christianity as a "spontaneous" phenomenon, initially representing the movement of the underprivileged masses of the Roman Empire, played a role. In this sense, any "spontaneity" automatically excluded the historicity of virtually all evangelical characters (according to Engels, all of them are nothing but mythological images). If neither Jesus nor his apostles existed, then the gospel narrative of Christ evolved from the myth of Christ as God to the myth of Jesus as God-man.

scholarly journals Teologia kapłaństwa i urzędu kapłańskiego w I wieku chrześcijaństwa

2010 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Dariusz Kasprzak
Keyword(s):  
New Testament ◽  
Old Testament ◽  
Jesus Christ ◽  
Holy Spirit ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Good News ◽  
New Covenant ◽  
Christian Communities ◽  
The New Testament ◽  
The Church

Neither the Apostles nor any Christian minister is admitted to use the priest’s title in the text of the New Testament. Nevertheless, in the New Testament we can perceive the development of the doctrine of the priest ministry in the early Church. Albert Vanhoye maintains that the lack of the term “priest” in the New Testament suggests the way of understanding of the Christian ministry, different from this in the Old Testament. It can’t be considered as a continuation of Jewish priesthood, which was concentrated mainly on ritual action and ceremonies. In the first century the Church developed the Christology of priesthood (Hbr) and ecclesiology of priesthood (1 P). Early Christians focused first on the redemptive event of Jesus Christ’s sacrifice and Jesus as the mediator of a new covenant. Only then the religious communities adopted the priest’s title for their ministry.In the early years of the Church, all the ministries were regarded as a charismatic service among the Christian communities. In their services the early Christians followed Jesus Christ sent by God to serve. The Holy Spirit sent by God in the name of Jesus bestowed the spiritual gifts upon the Church (1 Kor 12–13). Consequently the disciples of Jesus and their successors could continue his mission. The Twelve Apostles’ ministry was the very first and most important Christian ministry. It was closely connected to the service of Jesus Christ himself. The Apostles were sent by the authority of Jesus Christ to continue his mission upon earth and they preached the Good News of the risen Christ. The Apostolicity was the fundamental base for every Church ministry established in different Christian communities. Successive ministries were established in order to transmit the teaching of Jesus Christ and to lead the community. For the early Christians the priesthood was not an individual privilege. It had rather the community character.

scholarly journals The New Testament of Our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ

1841 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jotham Meeker ◽  
Francis Barker ◽  
Frank T Siebert
Keyword(s):  
New Testament ◽  
Jesus Christ ◽  
The New Testament
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