scholarly journals Conceptual change of disaster management models: A thematic analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Nojavan ◽  
Esmail Salehi ◽  
Babak Omidvar
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Management ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
One Dimension ◽  
Comprehensive Model ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Final Phase ◽  
Management Models ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
The Ideal

Different models have been proposed for disaster management by researchers and agencies. Despite their efficiency in some locations, disasters are still a fundamental challenge in the way of sustainable development. The purpose of this research is developing a comprehensive conceptual model for disaster management using thematic analysis. In this regard, first, disaster management models are collected. In the next stage, the themes of each model are extracted and categorised in three phases. In the first phase that is descriptive coding, available elements in each model are extracted as code and the basic themes are recognised. Then, in the phase of interpretive coding, basic themes are classified in three categories that are called organising themes (i.e. hazard assessment, risk management and management actions). In the final phase, strategic management is selected as the global or overarching theme to integrate all the other themes. Based on thematic analysis, it can be concluded that disaster management has three main elements that are the three organising themes. Therefore, comprehensive model of disaster management should include these three elements and their sub-basic themes that is called the ideal or criterion type. Results showed that some scientists have looked at disaster management one dimensionally (one theme). Even in two-dimensional models, one dimension has advantage over the other one. While the proposed typology in this study showed that the comprehensive model should include all the three mentioned elements.

Multidimensional Scaling of Terms Used to Describe Personality

1970 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
Herbert Gerjuoy ◽  
Bernard S. Aaronson
Keyword(s):  
Multidimensional Scaling ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
The Other ◽  
One Dimension ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Intensity Scale ◽  
Personality Dimensions ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Highly Correlated

Buss and Gerjuoy classified 293 personality-descriptive terms into 18 personality “dimensions.” They reported “abnormality” and “intensity” scale values for each term. The present study multidimensionally scaled the highest-intensity, lowest-intensity, and lowest-abnormality terms from 6 Buss-Gerjuoy dimensions. Expert judges estimated the correlations among the personality traits referred to by these terms. The mean estimates had a two-dimensional configuration. One dimension was Abnormality; the other, Behavior Elicitation-Emission. Communications among psychologists should take into account psychologists' assumptions about trait intercorrelations. Psychologists may perceive personality descriptions as redundant if the traits specified are believed highly correlated. Individuals with trait combinations not fitting the consensual model should be explicitly so characterized.

scholarly journals A REJECTION MECHANISM IN 2D BOUNDED CONFIDENCE PROVIDES MORE CONFORMITY

2008 ◽  
Vol 11 (04) ◽  
pp. 529-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. HUET ◽  
G. DEFFUANT ◽  
W. JAGER
Keyword(s):  
Attitude Change ◽  
Large Range ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
The Other ◽  
One Dimension ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Number Of Clusters ◽  
Bounded Confidence ◽  
Rejection Mechanism ◽  
Model Apply

This paper explores the dynamics of attitude change in two dimensions resulting from social interaction. We add a rejection mechanism into the 2D bounded confidence (BC) model proposed by Deffuant et al. (2001). Individuals are characterized by two-dimensional continuous attitudes, each associated with an uncertainty u, supposed constant in this first study. Individuals interact through random pairs. If their attitudes are closer than u on both dimensions, or further than u on both dimensions, or closer than u on one dimension and not further than u + δ u on the other dimension, then the rules of the BC model apply. But if their attitudes are closer than u on one dimension and further than u + δ u on the other dimension, then the individuals are in a dissonant state. They tend to solve this problem by shifting away their close attitudes. The model shows metastable clusters, which maintain themselves through opposite influences of competitor clusters. Our analysis and first experiments support the hypothesis that, for a large range of uncertainty values, the number of clusters grows linearly with the inverse of the uncertainty, whereas this growth is quadratic in the BC model.

Level phase independence for GI/M/1-type Markov chains

2000 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 984-998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy Latouche ◽  
P. G. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transitions ◽  
Markov Chains ◽  
State Space ◽  
Transition Probabilities ◽  
The Other ◽  
One Dimension ◽  
Death Process ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Birth And Death Process ◽  
Special Case

GI/M/1-type Markov chains make up a class of two-dimensional Markov chains. One dimension is usually called the level, and the other is often called the phase. Transitions from states in level k are restricted to states in levels less than or equal to k+1. For given transition probabilities in the interior of the state space, we show that it is always possible to define the boundary transition probabilities in such a way that the level and phase are independent under the stationary distribution. We motivate our analysis by first considering the quasi-birth-and-death process special case in which transitions from any state are restricted to states in the same, or adjacent, levels.

Emotion and Tension

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Temperley
Keyword(s):  
Moderate Level ◽  
The Other ◽  
One Dimension ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Representation ◽  
Unexpected Events ◽  
Aesthetic Enjoyment ◽  
Third Dimension ◽  
Musical Emotion

Following much other research on musical emotion, this chapter assumes a two-dimensional representation, with one dimension representing valence (positive/negative) and the other representing energy/activity. It is argued that the valence dimension in rock is conveyed primarily by the location of a song’s scale (relative to the tonic) on the “line of fifths”; this captures the well-known major/minor contrast but also allows finer distinctions. The energy dimension is conveyed by a variety of musical parameters including loudness, register, tempo, rhythmic density, and timbral brightness. The chapter also posits a third dimension, complexity, which is taken to be represented experientially by tension; increased tension is caused by unexpected events and by an increase in event density. It has been hypothesized that a moderate level of complexity is optimal for aesthetic enjoyment; this may in part account for the appeal of certain rhythmic patterns, a phenomenon known as “groove.”

Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-266
Author(s):  
Arthur Smith
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Classification Scheme ◽  
Physical Review ◽  
Controlled Vocabulary ◽  
The Other ◽  
One Dimension ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Classification ◽  
Subject Headings ◽  
American Physical

PhySH (Physics Subject Headings) was developed by the American Physical Society and first used in 2016 as a faceted hierarchical controlled vocabulary for physics, with some basic terms from related fields. It was developed mainly for the purpose of associating subjects with papers submitted to and published in the Physical Review family of journals. The scheme is organized at the top level with a two-dimensional classification, with one dimension (labeled “disciplines”) representing professional divisions within physics, and the other dimension (labeled “facets”) providing a conceptual partitioning of terms. PhySH was preceded in use by PACS (“Physics and Astronomy Classification Scheme”), which was in turn preceded by more ad hoc approaches, and this history and related vocabularies or categorizations will also be briefly discussed.

scholarly journals Learning 2D Temporal Adjacent Networks for Moment Localization with Natural Language

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (07) ◽  
pp. 12870-12877 ◽  
Author(s):  
Songyang Zhang ◽  
Houwen Peng ◽  
Jianlong Fu ◽  
Jiebo Luo
Keyword(s):  
Natural Language ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The Other ◽  
Temporal Relation ◽  
One Dimension ◽  
Single Shot ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Challenging Problem ◽  
Starting Time ◽  
Temporal Moments

We address the problem of retrieving a specific moment from an untrimmed video by a query sentence. This is a challenging problem because a target moment may take place in relations to other temporal moments in the untrimmed video. Existing methods cannot tackle this challenge well since they consider temporal moments individually and neglect the temporal dependencies. In this paper, we model the temporal relations between video moments by a two-dimensional map, where one dimension indicates the starting time of a moment and the other indicates the end time. This 2D temporal map can cover diverse video moments with different lengths, while representing their adjacent relations. Based on the 2D map, we propose a Temporal Adjacent Network (2D-TAN), a single-shot framework for moment localization. It is capable of encoding the adjacent temporal relation, while learning discriminative features for matching video moments with referring expressions. We evaluate the proposed 2D-TAN on three challenging benchmarks, i.e., Charades-STA, ActivityNet Captions, and TACoS, where our 2D-TAN outperforms the state-of-the-art.

A Simple Technique for Maximizing the Fundamental Frequency of Vibrating Structures

2000 ◽  
Vol 122 (4) ◽  
pp. 341-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Ong ◽  
G. H. Lim
Keyword(s):  
Natural Frequency ◽  
Dimensional Analysis ◽  
Simple Technique ◽  
Nodal Line ◽  
The Other ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Nodal Lines ◽  
Vibrating Structures ◽  
Original Configuration ◽  
The Ideal

A general approach for finding the optimal support locations to maximize the fundamental natural frequency of vibrating structures is described in this paper. The key to the procedure is to place the necessary supports in such a way, so as to eliminate the lower modes from the original configuration. This is accomplished by placing supports along the nodal lines of the highest possible mode from the original configuration, so that all the other lower modes are eliminated by the introduction of new or extra supports to the structure. For two-dimensional analysis, the average driving point residues calculated along a nodal line is used as an indicator for finding the vicinity of the ideal support locations. [S1043-7398(00)00504-1]

Causal Theories of Knowledge and Perception

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ram Neta
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
One Dimension ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Causal Theories ◽  
External Thing

This article first surveys those ‘causal theories of perception’ that attempt to explain what it is for someone to perceive an external thing. Then it surveys the other ‘causal theories of perception’ (or alternatively, ‘causal theories of knowledge’) that attempt to explain what it is for someone to know about external things by means of perception. Within each of these two topics, we can locate all the various causal theories on a two-dimensional map: along one dimension are the various things that have been taken to do the causing, and along the other dimension are the various things that have been taken to be thus caused.

Level phase independence for GI/M/1-type Markov chains

2000 ◽  
Vol 37 (04) ◽  
pp. 984-998
Author(s):  
Guy Latouche ◽  
P. G. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transitions ◽  
Markov Chains ◽  
State Space ◽  
Transition Probabilities ◽  
The Other ◽  
One Dimension ◽  
Death Process ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Birth And Death Process ◽  
Special Case

GI/M/1-type Markov chains make up a class of two-dimensional Markov chains. One dimension is usually called the level, and the other is often called the phase. Transitions from states in level k are restricted to states in levels less than or equal to k+1. For given transition probabilities in the interior of the state space, we show that it is always possible to define the boundary transition probabilities in such a way that the level and phase are independent under the stationary distribution. We motivate our analysis by first considering the quasi-birth-and-death process special case in which transitions from any state are restricted to states in the same, or adjacent, levels.

scholarly journals Commuting Double Sugeno Integrals

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (Supp01) ◽  
pp. 1-38
Author(s):  
Didier Dubois ◽  
Hélène Fargier ◽  
Agnès Rico
Keyword(s):  
Expected Utility ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Decision Problems ◽  
One Dimension ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Conference Paper ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Previous Conference

In decision problems involving two dimensions (like several agents in uncertainty) the properties of expected utility ensure that the result of a two-stepped procedure evaluation does not depend on the order with which the aggregations of local evaluations are performed (e.g., agents first, uncertainty next, or the converse). We say that the aggregations on each dimension commute. In a previous conference paper, Ben Amor, Essghaier and Fargier have shown that this property holds when using pessimistic possibilistic integrals on each dimension, or optimistic ones, while it fails when using a pessimistic possibilistic integral on one dimension and an optimistic one on the other. This paper studies and completely solves this problem when more general Sugeno integrals are used in place of possibilistic integrals, leading to double Sugeno integrals. The results show that there are capacities other than possibility and necessity measures that ensure commutation of Sugeno integrals. Moreover, the relationship between two-dimensional capacities and the commutation property for their projections is investigated.

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