scholarly journals Urinary excretion of diethylstilbestrol in the ostrich : research communication

1998 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
P.J. Van der Merwe ◽  
A. Pretorius ◽  
W. Burger
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Residue Analysis ◽  
Parent Compound ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Gas Chromatograph ◽  
Research Communication ◽  
Mass Selective Detector ◽  
Selective Detector

Stilboestrol (R) tablets (20 x 1 mg) were given to 4 ostriches. Urine was collected over a period of 8 days and stored frozen at -20 oC pending analysis. Analyses were performed on a gas chromatograph - mass selective detector for the presence of parent compound and/or metabolites. Diethylstilbestrol and its metabolite, dienestrol, were detected in urine; dienestrol only for 1 day but diethylstilbestrol for 8 days after administration. Residue analysis for the use of diethylstilbestrol as growth promoter can be performed on the urine of ostriches by scanning for parent compound only since it can be detected longer than the metabolite.

scholarly journals Optimal Extraction of Ocimum basilicum Essential Oil by Association of Ultrasound and Hydrodistillation and Its Potential as a Biopesticide Against a Major Stored Grains Pest

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 2781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eridiane da Silva Moura ◽  
Lêda Rita D’Antonino Faroni ◽  
Fernanda Fernandes Heleno ◽  
Alessandra Aparecida Zinato Rodrigues ◽  
Lucas Henrique Figueiredo Prates ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Ocimum Basilicum ◽  
Gas Chromatograph ◽  
Drying Temperature ◽  
Mass Selective Detector ◽  
Potential Control ◽  
Selective Detector

The essential oil of basil (Ocimum basilicum) has significant biological activity against insect pests and can be extracted through various techniques. This work aimed to optimize and validate the extraction process of the essential oil of O. basilicum submitted to different drying temperatures of the leaves and extracted by the combination of a Clevenger method and ultrasound. The biological activity of the extracted oil under different conditions was evaluated for potential control of Sitophilus zeamais. The extraction method was optimized according to the sonication time by ultrasound (0, 8, 19, 31 and 38 min) and hydrodistillation (20, 30, 45, 60 and 70 min) and drying temperature (20, 30, 45, 60 and 70 °C). The bioactivity of the essential oil was assessed against adults of S. zeamais and the effects of each variable and its interactions on the mortality of the insects were evaluated. The best yield of essential oil was obtained with the longest sonication and hydrodistillation times and the lowest drying temperature of leaves. Higher toxicity of the essential oil against S. zeamais was obtained by the use of ultrasound for its extraction. The identification and the relative percentage of the compounds of the essential oil were performed with a gas chromatograph coupled to a mass selective detector. The performance of the method was assessed by studying selectivity, linearity, limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ), precision and accuracy. The LOD and LOQ values for linalool were 2.19 and 6.62 µg mL−1 and for estragole 2.001 and 6.063 µg mL−1, respectively. The coefficients of determination (R2) were >0.99. The average recoveries ranged between 71 and 106%, with coefficient of variation ≤6.4%.

Marijuana Testing in Urine: Use of a Hexadeuterated Internal Standard for Extended Linearity, and Ion Trap vs Mass Selective Detector Gas Chromatograph/Mass Spectrometer Systems

1992 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 717-719 ◽  
Author(s):  
W A Joern
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometer ◽  
Ion Trap ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Chromatographic Peak ◽  
Gas Chromatograph ◽  
Mass Selective Detector ◽  
Peak Overlap ◽  
Trap Detector ◽  
Selective Detector

Abstract The use of a hexadeuterated internal standard for the assay of the marijuana carboxy metabolite in urine resulted in two significant improvements. First, the linearity of the procedure was increased considerably because of the minimal chromatographic peak overlap of the internal standard and carboxy metabolite derivatives. Second, again because of minimal peak overlap, the same extract could be analyzed with similar results by both the ion trap detector and mass selective detector gas chromatograph/mass spectrometer systems.

scholarly journals Toxicological Stability of Ocimum basilicum Essential Oil and Its Major Components in the Control of Sitophilus zeamais

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (21) ◽  
pp. 6483
Author(s):  
Eridiane da Silva Moura ◽  
Lêda Rita D’Antonino Faroni ◽  
Fernanda Fernandes Heleno ◽  
Alessandra Aparecida Zinato Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Sitophilus Zeamais ◽  
Botanical Insecticides ◽  
Gas Chromatograph ◽  
Mass Selective Detector ◽  
Selective Detector ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Corn Grains

Essential oils (EOs) are widely recognized as efficient and safe alternatives for controlling pest insects in foods. However, there is a lack of studies evaluating the toxicological stability of botanical insecticides in stored grains in order to establish criteria of use and ensure your efficiency. The objective of this work was to evaluate the toxicological stability of basil essential oil (O. basilicum) and its linalool and estragole components for Sitophilus zeamais (Motschulsky) adults in corn grains by fumigation. The identification of the chemical compounds of the essential oil was performed with a gas chromatograph coupled to a mass selective detector. Mortality of insects was assessed after 24 h exposure. After storage for six (EO) and two months (linalool and estragole) under different conditions of temperature (5, 20, and 35 °C) and light (with and without exposure to light), its toxicological stability was evaluated. Studies revealed that the essential oil of O. basilicum and its main components exhibited insecticidal potential against adults of S. zeamais. For greater toxicological stability, suitable storage conditions for them include absence of light and temperatures equal to or less than 20 °C.

scholarly journals Air Sampling of Volatiles from Agaricus bisporus in a Mushroom Facility and from Mushroom Compost

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 416-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard M. Pfeil ◽  
Ralph O. Mumma
Keyword(s):  
Agaricus Bisporus ◽  
Air Sampling ◽  
Gas Chromatograph ◽  
Mushroom Compost ◽  
Mass Selective Detector ◽  
Selective Detector

Air sampling using Tenax, a selective solid absorbent, was performed from spawning to pinning over the duration of four mushroom crops of Agaricus bisporus (Lange) Imbach (Fungi; Agricaceae). The contents of the air sampling tubes were thermally desorbed directly to a gas chromatograph-mass selective detector. In two crops 3-octanone and 1-octen3-ol were detected 12 to 13 days after spawning. These two compounds were also detected after compost was added at casing (CAC) and the ketone was present in large quantities. Air sampling of a 10-g sample of spawned compost vs. unspawned compost confirmed that these two compounds were of fungal origin. Bags of spawned compost were used to determine the effects of a CAC layer, a soybean supplement, and Spawn Mate on the volatiles released by the spawned compost. The CAC layer and the soybean supplement selectively absorbed 1-octen-3-ol and, to a lesser extent, 3-octanone. The addition of Spawn Mate to the compost at spawning did not alter the quantity or ratio of 3-octanone to 1-octen-3-ol released by the spawned compost.

scholarly journals EXPERT STUDY OF ISONIAZIDE IN MEAT PRODUCTS

2021 ◽  
pp. 785-799
Author(s):  
S. Shkurdoda ◽  
D. Shynkarenko ◽  
V. Pasichnyk ◽  
K. Korol ◽  
O. Posilskyi
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Selective Detection ◽  
Gas Chromatograph ◽  
Liquid Chromatograph ◽  
Mass Selective Detector ◽  
Selective Detector ◽  
Minced Meat ◽  
Layer Chromatography

The article deals with the recommendations for the detection of isoniazid in meat products, using the example of minced meat using physicochemical methods. This study does not lose its relevance over the years, due to the use of drugs for tuberculosis for poisoning homeless and domestic animals, in particular dogs, in different regions of Ukraine, the main active ingredient of which is isoniazid. The article describes a method for the extraction of isoniazid in food products of meat origin (minced meat, sausage), which presumably could or may be used to poison domestic animals, in particular dogs. Isoniazid was identified by the methods of qualitative color reactions, thin-layer chromatography, and gas chromatography with a mass-selective detector. The process of qualitative identification of isoniazid in foodstuffs that could or may be used to poison domestic animals, in particular dogs, includes: -the method of extraction and separation of interfering impurities, primarily fats, preliminary research by the method of qualitative analytical reactions; -studies by thin layer chromatography; -research by instrumental methods, in particular, gas chromatography with mass-selective detection. The method for extracting isoniazid from meat products described in the article is effective and allows you to get rid of interfering substances, especially fats. In addition, the method of gas chromatography with mass-selective detection has sufficient sensitivity and selectivity. It allows with a minimum number of interfering peaks of low intensity, determine the composition of isoniazid accurately. The specified list of instrumental base, methods and research techniques is not exhaustive. The examiner should be guided by the availability of relevant literature and the availability of appropriate analytical equipment (gas chromatograph, gas chromatograph with mass-selective detector, liquid chromatograph, liquid chromatograph with mass-selective detector, etc.). In accordance with this, it is necessary to use certain methods for studying substances. These methods are subject to mandatory verification before being used in the laboratory. The obtained research results allow us to recommend this technique for implementation in expert practice.

scholarly journals Application of chromato-mass-spectrometric methods of determination of exposure markers in biomonitoring researches in workers of productions of polyvinyl chloride and aluminum

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (10) ◽  
pp. 1159-1164
Author(s):  
Salim F. Shayakhmetov ◽  
Olga M. Zhurba ◽  
Anton N. Alekseenko ◽  
Alexey V. Merinov
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinyl Chloride ◽  
Mass Spectrometric ◽  
Aluminum Production ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Biological Media ◽  
Mass Selective Detector ◽  
Selective Detector ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Introduction. The presence of highly toxic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the production of aluminum and organochlorine compounds (OCC) in the production of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) poses a serious threat to the health of workers, necessitates biological monitoring of toxicants and their metabolites in biological media to assess health risks on basis of modern methods chemical analysis. Material and methods. Biomonitoring studies of the content of marker metabolite OCC - thiodiacetic acid (TDAA) in urine were performed in 65 workers of PVC production and PAHs metabolite - 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHPyr) in 144 workers of the aluminum smelter using developed own methods of gas-chromato-mass-spectrometric (GC-MS) analysis. Sample analysis was performed on an Agilent 7890A gas chromatograph with an Agilent 5979 mass selective detector. Results. Methodological methods and parameters of GC-MS measurement of TDAA and 1-OHPyr in urine, which provided high selectivity and sensitivity of the analysis of samples, were examined and considered. Reliable differences in the levels of marker metabolites among the groups of main and auxiliary occupations and persons in the control groups, their dependence on the degree of exposure to PAHs, and OCC were established. The highest concentrations of TDAA in urine were observed in unit operators of PVC workshop and 1-OHPyr - in anode workers of aluminum production. Discussion. The revealed reliable intergroup and interindividual differences in the contents of TDAA and 1-OHPyr in the urine of workers indicate the reliability and informativeness of the results of the analysis of biological media. The results are consistent with data from foreign studies, confirm the occupational - production nature of the exposure of toxicants among workers in the main professions of enterprises. Conclusion. The results of approbation of highly sensitive and selective methods for the determination of TDAA and 1-OHPyr in urine samples developed on the base of GC-MS method demonstrate the possibility of their use in biomonitoring studies of workers of productions and the population to adequately assess the exposure of highly toxic PAHs and OCC.

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