scholarly journals Pain management in patients with long-bone fractures in a district hospital in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adeleye M. Awolola ◽  
Laura Campbell ◽  
Andrew Ross
Keyword(s):  
Pain Assessment ◽  
Bone Fractures ◽  
District Hospital ◽  
Pain Severity ◽  
Long Bone ◽  
Assessment Protocol ◽  
Long Bone Fractures ◽  
Formal Tool ◽  
Kwazulu Natal ◽  
Long Bone Fracture

Background: This study reviewed pain severity and assessment as recalled by patients with longbone fractures. The focus was on the intervals between admission, pain assessment and analgesic provision, as delay of analgesia for acute pain can result in complex chronic pain syndromes.Aim: The aims were to explore patients’ recollection of pain severity and assessment in an emergency department (ED) and whether analgesia prescribed in the ED correlated with pain severity.' Setting: The study site was a district hospital ED in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.Methods: This exploratory study considered aspects of pain in adults with long-bone fracture who were admitted to an ED and later referred to an orthopaedic unit. Data collection took place in the orthopaedic unit where participants were requested to recall their pain severity (using a visual analogue scale) whilst in the ED.Results: Ninety-three patients participated, most of whom were African males. Over 60% recalled their pain severity in the ED as 5 or greater on a visual analogue perception scale. No formal tool was used to assess or record pain in the ED, and there was no association between recalled pain severity and type of analgesia prescribed.Conclusion: The majority of patients were assessed for pain in the ED. Analgesia given to most patients was inadequate for the degree of pain they experienced. A pain assessment protocol should be developed for doctors and nurses to serve as a guideline in assessing patients with long-bone fractures and prescribing appropriate analgesia.

Internal Fixation of Long Bone Fractures in Farm Animals

1993 ◽  
Vol 06 (01) ◽  
pp. 36-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Steiner ◽  
U. Iselin ◽  
C. Lischer ◽  
J. A. Auer
Keyword(s):  
Internal Fixation ◽  
Bone Fracture ◽  
Bone Fractures ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Long Bone ◽  
Fracture Treatment ◽  
Long Bone Fractures ◽  
Long Bone Fracture

This study demonstrates that long bone fracture treatment in food and fibre producing animals is in most cases successful. The greatest disadvantage of such treatment are the costs of the surgery and implants.

PREDICTION OF LONG BONE FRACTURES VIA RECONSTRUCTION OF PEDESTRIAN ACCIDENTS USING MULTI-BODY SYSTEM AND FE MODELS

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (01) ◽  
pp. 1550016 ◽  
Author(s):  
BINGYU WANG ◽  
JIKUANG YANG ◽  
OTTE DIETMAR ◽  
YONG PENG
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Bone Fracture ◽  
Bone Fractures ◽  
Long Bone ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Body System ◽  
Long Bone Fractures ◽  
Long Bone Fracture ◽  
Pedestrian Accidents ◽  
Multi Body

This study aimed at prediction of long bone fractures and analysis of lower extremity injury mechanisms in real world passenger car to pedestrian collision. For this purpose, two cases of car to pedestrian accidents with detail recorded lower extremity injuries were reconstructed using Multi-body system (MBS) and Finite element (FE) models. The MBS models were used to determine lower extremity impact conditions, such as impact velocity, contact location as well as impact orientation. Furthermore, impact conditions were used to define initial boundary conditions in the simulation of lower extremity colliding with car front end using FE models. The bending moment and von Mises stress distributions of long bone were calculated in FE model to evaluate long bone fracture risks. Then, injury outcomes from simulations were compared with hospital recorded injury data. The simulation results of long bone fracture were consistent with the injury pattern and positions from hospital records. Moreover, the calculated fracture moments of tibia and fibula shaft as well as femur neck region were 310.8, 21.4 and 304.7 Nm, respectively. The FE model is capable to reproduce the dynamic injury process and is an effective tool to demonstrate the dynamic response of the injury and to predict the risk of long bone fractures.

scholarly journals Risk factors for long-bone fractures in children up to 5 years of age: a nested case–control study

2014 ◽  
Vol 100 (5) ◽  
pp. 432-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Baker ◽  
Elizabeth Orton ◽  
Laila J Tata ◽  
Denise Kendrick
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Bone Fractures ◽  
Long Bone ◽  
Long Bone Fractures ◽  
Fractures In Children ◽  
Long Bone Fracture ◽  
Prevention Interventions ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
Control Study

AimTo investigate risk factors for first long-bone fractures in children up to 5 years old in order to provide evidence about which families could benefit from injury prevention interventions.MethodsPopulation-based matched nested case–control study using The Health Improvement Network, a UK primary care research database, 1988–2004.Maternal, household and child risk factors for injury were assessed among 2456 children with long-bone fractures (cases). 23 661controls were matched to cases on general practice. Adjusted ORs and 95% CIs were estimated using conditional logistic regression.ResultsFractures of long-bones were independently associated with younger maternal age and higher birth order, with children who were the fourth-born in the family, or later, having a threefold greater odds of fracture compared to first-born children (adjusted OR 3.12, 95% CI 2.08 to 4.68). Children over the age of 1 year had a fourfold (13–24 months, adjusted OR 4.09 95% CI 3.51 to 4.76) to fivefold (37+ months, adjusted OR 4.88 95% CI 4.21 to 5.66) increase in the odds of a long-bone fracture compared to children aged 0–12 months. Children in families with a history of maternal alcohol misuse had a raised odds of long-bone fracture (adjusted OR 2.33, 95% CI 1.13 to 4.82) compared to those with no documented history.ConclusionsRisk factors for long-bone fractures in children less than 5 years old included age above 1 year, increasing birth order, younger maternal age and maternal alcohol misuse. These risk factors should be used to prioritise families and communities for injury prevention interventions.

scholarly journals Comparison of Outcome of Bone Autograft and Allograft in Union of Long Bone Fractures

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
H. Valiyollahpoor-Amiri ◽  
S. M. Esmaeilnejad-Ganji ◽  
R. Jokar ◽  
B. Baghianimoghadam ◽  
S. Kamali-Ahangar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Bone Fractures ◽  
Bone Allograft ◽  
Fracture Site ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Long Bone ◽  
Long Bone Fractures ◽  
Surgical Methods ◽  
Long Bone Fracture ◽  
Bone Autograft

Abstract Background and Purpose There are few studies addressing the rate of application of bone allograft and its use; hence, the present study aimed to compare the clinical outcomes of using bone allograft and autograft in patients with long bone fracture. Method In this clinical trial study, all patients who underwent bone graft surgery with the diagnosed long bone fractures of upper and lower limbs at Shahid Beheshti Hospital were included in the research. Patients were divided into two groups, autograft and allograft, according to type of treatment. They were evaluated for their union, complications, and range of motion. Results In the present study, 124 people were studied. Among them, 100 patients were eligible and included in the study. The allograft and autograft groups did not have any statistical significant differences in terms of age, sex, location, causes of fracture, and surgical methods. Results of the present research on patients in terms of fracture site indicated that there was no significant relationship between the two groups in rate of union (P = 0.18). Allograft and autograft had no difference in terms of complications. Studied range of motion indicated that patients were not different in terms of their ranges of motion. Conclusion Based on findings of the present study, allograft could be a suitable substitute for the autograft. The two graft methods were similar in terms of complications, union, and ranges of motion.

scholarly journals 85 Parent and youth experiences of emergency department care for suspected long bone fractures in children

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. e35-e35
Author(s):  
Nathalie Gaucher ◽  
Evelyne D Trottier ◽  
Zainab Ridha ◽  
Francois Simard ◽  
Brenda Duran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Bone Fracture ◽  
Bone Fractures ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Long Bone ◽  
Emergency Department Care ◽  
Long Bone Fractures ◽  
Long Bone Fracture ◽  
Youth Experiences

Abstract Background Long bone fractures are a frequent reason for visits to the pediatric emergency department (ED) where patients obtain the definitive care they require. Youth are rarely involved in quality assessment and improvement initiatives. Objectives To describe parent and youth experiences of their ED care for suspected long bone fractures. Design/Methods This prospective survey study of parents/youth consulting a tertiary care pediatric ED used surveys co-constructed by ED clinicians and parent partners. English/French speaking patients aged 10 to 18 years old with suspected long-bone fracture at triage – and their parents – were eligible to complete the survey during their ED stay. Electronic surveys were developed for parents and youth and pre-tested with 12 youth and 14 parents. Descriptive data was generated using SPSS v.25 (IBM Inc.). Results Three hundred surveys were distributed to eligible participants from March 2018 to June 2019 and 249 surveys were completed (148 parents, 101 youth). At least one member from 189 families completed a survey. Parents and youth participants had median ages of 44 and 12 years old, respectively. Most patients (98%) had a radiograph as part of their work-up, usually in the ED (76%); Twenty-seven percent were referred with radiographs. Most families (61%) received a diagnosis of long-bone fracture and were referred to orthopaedics for outpatient follow-up. Families’ median length of stay was 4h08min (range 43 min-14h30min). Parents (88mm) and youth (81mm) reported high median satisfaction with their overall ED care on 100 mm visual analog scales. Most parents (81%) and youth (75%) reported receiving just enough information from ED staff, though only half (50%) of the parents received information on how to care for their child at home. More than 90% of parents believed that the ED team treated their child’s pain. Eighty-one percent of youth reported that pain was treated sufficiently although 63% believed it had been treated quickly. Most parents (56%) and youth (72%) reported their ED stay was longer than anticipated; parents’ perceptions did not correlate with ED length of stay on logistic regression (p=0.014), while youth’s did (p=0.009). Few parents (33%) or youth (32%) reported receiving regular information on ED wait times. Conclusion Parent and youth perspectives of their ED care are complementary, and both should be considered in patient-oriented quality improvement initiatives.

scholarly journals Conservative Care Cost Analysis of Patients of Long Bone Fracture in Emergency Room. A Review to See the Sufficiency of Health Insurance Costs

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-90
Author(s):  
Bayusentono Sulis ◽  
Cery Hajali
Keyword(s):  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Bone Fracture ◽  
Bone Fractures ◽  
Long Bone ◽  
Long Bones ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Real Cost ◽  
Long Bone Fractures ◽  
Long Bone Fracture ◽  
The Cost

Long bones are bones that include the humerus, radius, ulna, femur, tibia and fibula. Aside from fibula, the main function of long bones is as the main skeleton in movement. Therefore, whenever there is a fracture in the long bone, the ability to move will be lost.The occurrence of this long bone fracture itself is still a global problem because the number of events is still quite large. This is in line with the increase in socioeconomic status and the incidence of traffic accidents which is one of the causes of fractures. METHOD This study is a prospective study to determine the magnitude of the cost of treatment conservatively in cases of long bone fractures in RSUD dr. Soetomo. The study design used was a prospective cohort. The sample size used in this study was determined by consecutive sampling, ie patients who met the inclusion criteria in the period May - August 2017. RESULTS From the observations for four months from May 2017 - August 2017 at Emergency Room Soetomo General Hospital, found 77 patients with long bone fractures that were casted. Of these patients, 38 patients were placed in a slab, 39 patients were placed in a circular cast. Among the 39 people, 17 patients were excluded according to the exclusion criteria and 22 patients were included as the study sample according to the inclusion criteria. By using a statistical test using paired sample T test with a value of α = 0.05, a significance of 0.025 was obtained. Because the significance value is 0.025 <0.05 (α). DISCUSSION From the resultsa difference between the BPJS rate of installing circular cast on long bone fractures with the real cost of installing circular cast on long bone fractures. In addition, from the value of the mean we get that the average value of the BPJS rate is greater than the real cost value, which means we can conclude that the BPJS cost can cover the cost of conservative therapy in cases of long bone fractures. CONCLUSION In the economic aspect, the longer the length of stay means the higher the costs that must be paid by the patient (the payer) and accepted by the hospital. This only applies to real tariffs, whereas to INACBG's long or short length of stay does not affect the cost.

scholarly journals Race and Ethnicity Do Not Affect Baseline Self-Report of Pain Severity in Patients with Suspected Long-Bone Fractures

Pain Medicine ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven L. Bernstein ◽  
E. John Gallagher ◽  
Lisa Cabral ◽  
Polly Bijur
Keyword(s):  
Race And Ethnicity ◽  
Bone Fractures ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Pain Severity ◽  
Long Bone ◽  
Long Bone Fractures
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