scholarly journals Assesment, diagnosis and prognosis of bells palsy: a literature review

2008 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Alakram ◽  
T. Puckree
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Nerve Palsy ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
The Cochrane Library ◽  
Google Search

Facial (VII th cranial nerve) palsy is a condition that affects 1 in 5000 people worldwide. More recently it has appeared as one form of the  neural manifestations  of  infection  by  the Human  Immunodeficiency Virus. As such it is likely that this condition will feature more prominently in the caseload of physiotherapists.  Therefore the purpose of this paper is to present to physiotherapists existing knowledge on the diagnosis, objective assessment and prognosis of  facial palsy  through a  literature  review. All  available  primary  and  secondary  sources  of  literature  were  obtained through a search of Medline, Sabinet, PEDRO, the Cochrane library and a wide Google search. Objective ways of assessing Bells palsy and its recovery as  used  currently  by  the Belly Palsy Association  and  accepted  by  the American Academy  of Otolaryngology  and Head and Neck, are presented together with diagnosis and prognosis.

scholarly journals Cryptococcal infection of the colon in a patient without concurrent human immunodeficiency infection: a case report and literature review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alvaro Quincho-Lopez ◽  
Noah Kojima ◽  
John M. Nesemann ◽  
Rogger Verona-Rubio ◽  
Dina Carayhua-Perez
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Chronic Diarrhea ◽  
Cryptococcal Infection ◽  
Pulmonary System ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Disseminated Disease ◽  
Histopathology Examination

AbstractCryptococcosis is a fungal infection that is rarely reported in patients without human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, especially when the central nervous system (CNS) or pulmonary system is not involved. We report a case of isolated colonic cryptococcosis without disseminated disease in a 64-year-old immunocompetent woman without HIV infection who presented with chronic diarrhea and no episodes of fever or weight loss. The diagnosis was based on histopathology examination. Furthermore, we performed a literature review showing that few reports have been published so far and in the case of colonic cryptococcal infection, the prognosis is favorable among HIV-uninfected patients.

Are ED-based violence intervention programmes effective in reducing revictimisation and perpetration in victims of violence? A systematic review

2020 ◽  
pp. emermed-2019-208970
Author(s):  
James Matthew Brice ◽  
Adrian A Boyle
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Community Violence ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Violence Intervention ◽  
Violence Perpetration ◽  
Victims Of Violence ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
The Cochrane Library

ObjectivesCommunity violence bears significant human and economic costs. Furthermore, victims requiring ED treatment are at a greater risk of violent reinjury, arrest due to perpetration and violent death. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of ED-based violence intervention programmes (EVIPs), which aim to reduce future violence involvement in these individuals.MethodsWe performed a systematic literature review searching MEDLINE, Embase, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature, PsycINFO, The Cochrane Library and Web of Science, in addition to hand-searching. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) were included if they enrolled victims of community violence requiring ED treatment, evaluated interventions taking place in the ED and used violent revictimisation, arrests or intermediate outcome measures as endpoints. We included trials that had a Jadad score of 2 or above.Results297 records were identified, and 13 articles were included in our final qualitative analysis, representing 10 RCTs and 9 different EVIPs. The risk of selection bias was low; the risk of performance, detection and attrition bias was moderate. 9 out of 13 papers reported statistically significant improvements in one or more outcome measures related to violence, including violent reinjury and arrests due to violence perpetration.ConclusionThe results of this literature review show that EVIPs may be capable of reducing violent reinjury and arrests due to violence perpetration. Larger RCTs, taking place in different regions, in different age groups and using different techniques, are justified to determine which conditions may be required for success and whether EVIPs are generalisable.

Neonatal and Pediatric Pressure Injuries Secondary to Limb Splinting for Intravascular Access: Case Series and Literature Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyrie A. Sweeney ◽  
Kate Cogill ◽  
Katrina Davis ◽  
Jacqueline I. Jauncey-Cooke
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Decubitus Ulcer ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Infants And Children ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Decubitus Ulcers ◽  
Paediatric Hospital ◽  
Pressure Injury ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Abstract Aim: This review aims to present a case series on pressure injury (PI) formation secondary to limb-splinting for preservation of peripheral intravascular catheter (PIVC) access in neonatal and pediatric patients. A literature review was undertaken to analyze the existing knowledge base on this phenomenon. Background: Medical devices and attachments are considered a risk factor for PI development in neonates, infants, and children. Three cases of PI formation caused by contact with limb boards used to preserve PIVC access were identified in an Australian tertiary pediatric facility during 2016. Methods: A literature search was conducted during December 2017 using the Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health, Excerpta Medica database, MEDLINE, PubMed, and the Cochrane Library. Keywords used were pressure injury(ies), pressure ulcer, pressure ulcers, decubitus ulcer, and decubitus ulcers. Articles were excluded if published before 2006, patients were adolescents or adults, and if injuries were not caused by PIVC-associated limb-splinting. Patients included in the case series were identified through screening of admissions in one ward of a tertiary paediatric hospital. Results: Five low-quality studies were included in the literature review. Three children were included in the case series. Each child acquired a PI subsequent to limb-splinting and taping adjacent to a PIVC. Hydration, nutritional state, and oxygenation did not appear to contribute to PI development in these cases. Conclusions: There is a gap in the evidence base pertaining to PIVC splinting and its involvement with PI formation in neonates, infants, and children. The existing literature provides low-quality evidence this problem exists; thus, further research is recommended.

scholarly journals Impact of intervention programs on nurses’ knowledge, attitudes, and willingness to take care of patients with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: a descriptive review

Medicina ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vida Mockienė ◽  
Tarja Suominen ◽  
Maritta Välimäki ◽  
Artūras Razbadauskas
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Nurses Knowledge

Objective. This paper reviews the current literature on intervention programs designed to improve nurses’ knowledge and attitudes to human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and their willingness to take care of patients with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. It also explores the impact of these intervention programs. Materials and methods. The MEDLINE and Pubmed, Science Direct, Cochrane Library, EbscoHost, ERIC databases were searched for relevant English-language citations between 1997 and 2007 using the following search terms: human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, nurse, intervention, teaching, education, knowledge, attitude, and willingness. Relevant articles were retrieved, reviewed, and assessed. A total of 16 articles were considered appropriate and selected for content analysis. Results. We identified articles that reported on intervention programs to improve nurses’ knowledge and attitudes and their willingness to take care of patients with human immunodeficiency virus/ acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Eight of the intervention studies included lectures among their methods of educational intervention. The nurse sample sizes (n) ranged from 12 to 552. Many of the studies involved one experimental/intervention group and one control group. The intervention programs varied in terms of their methodological rigor. Almost all reported one or more statistically significant effects. Conclusions. The review highlights the need for well-designed, methodologically sound research on outcomes of nursing education. Future studies should examine not only the short-term effectiveness of intervention programs in terms of changing attitudes and increasing willingness to care, but also their impact in the longer term.

scholarly journals Presentation of Bilateral Peripheral Seventh Cranial Nerve Palsy in an HIV Patient

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa M. Ruiz ◽  
Batool Kirmani
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Facial Palsy ◽  
Nerve Palsy ◽  
Neurological Manifestations ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Specific Location ◽  
Peripheral Facial Palsy ◽  
Seventh Cranial Nerve ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

Neurological manifestations in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus can significantly increase overall morbidity and mortality. These complications are neither limited to a specific location in the nervous system nor a focal time period in the disease’s progression. A literature review yielded several cases of peripheral facial palsy associated with HIV seropositivity, but few cases have been reported where the patient had bilateral peripheral facial palsy. In this paper, we present a patient with bilateral peripheral facial palsy and aseptic meningitis in the context of newly diagnosed HIV.

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-negative plasmablastic lymphoma: A single institutional experience and literature review

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (12) ◽  
pp. 1571-1577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Jijun Liu ◽  
Ling Zhang ◽  
Ernesto Ayala ◽  
Teresa Field ◽  
Jose L. Ochoa-Bayona ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Plasmablastic Lymphoma ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Institutional Experience ◽  
Hiv Negative
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