scholarly journals Do you know the radiation dose your patients receive from your CT scanner?

2001 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 30-34
Author(s):  
Chris Welman ◽  
Savvas Andronikou ◽  
Ebrahim Kader
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Ct Scanner ◽  
Ct Examination ◽  
Probability Of Cancer ◽  
Medical Examinations ◽  
Dose Reductions

The number of computed tomography (CT) examinations and new indications for CT are increasing in frequency worldwide. While CT makes up only 4% of medical examinations, it might contribute as much as 40% of the total collective radiation dose to the population. Radiologists and referring clinicians should make sure that the CT examination is indicated. Doses can often approach or exceed levels known to increase the probability of cancer. This is especially relevant in children where dose reductions of up to 80% can be obtained by adjusting the exposure factors. The most important factors are decreased milliampere seconds (mAs) and increased pitch.

Radiation Dose and Somatic Risk from Computed Tomography

1987 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 483-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Faulkner ◽  
B. M. Moores
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Male Patient ◽  
Dose Distribution ◽  
Lithium Fluoride ◽  
Central Axis ◽  
Organ Doses ◽  
Ct Examination ◽  
Genetic Risks ◽  
Thermoluminescent Dosemeters

Lithium fluoride (LiF) thermoluminescent dosemeters (TLD) have been employed to measure the radiation dose distribution within a phantom and the central axis dose in air. Results are presented for seven (four EMI CT1010, one EMI CT5005, one EMI CT7070 and one Siemens DR2) different machines. Organ doses for four different computed tomography (CT) investigations (head, lung, liver and pelvis) have been estimated from previously published tables and the central axis dose in air in 3 CT units. These estimated organ doses were used in turn to deduce the somatic and genetic risks for the four types of CT examination. These calculations indicate that for an ‘average’ male patient undergoing a CT examination corresponding to the average conditions encountered, the total somatic risks are 3.15 10−4, 1.98 10−4, 2.31 10−4, and 1.38 10−4 for head, lung, liver and pelvis scans, respectively. The corresponding figures for female patients are 3.39 10−4, 3.95 10−4, 2.73 10−4, and 1.60 10−4. The risk from head scanning is approximately 250 times that of a dental pantomograph. Somatic and genetic risks will be approximately twice as high for contrast examinations.

scholarly journals Occupational Radiation Dose, Especially for Eye Lens: Hp(3), in Medical Staff Members Involved in Computed Tomography Examinations

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 4448
Author(s):  
Minoru Osanai ◽  
Hidenori Sato ◽  
Kana Sato ◽  
Kohsei Kudo ◽  
Masahiro Hosoda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Radiation Protection ◽  
Medical Staff ◽  
Shielding Effect ◽  
Eye Lens ◽  
Radiological Protection ◽  
Ct Examination ◽  
Radiation Dose Exposure ◽  
Occupational Radiation

Radiation dose management of medical staff has become increasingly important. Particularly, based on the statement by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) in 2011, a new lower equivalent dose limit for the eye lens is being established in each country. Although many reports have discussed the occupational radiation dose in interventional radiology (IR), few studies have examined the dose during computed tomography (CT) examinations. This study investigated the radiation dose exposure to medical staff present in the CT room during irradiation, with particular focus on the exposure to eye lens. The radiation dose exposure to those who assist patients during head, chest and upper abdomen CT examination was measured in a phantom study. The radiation dose exposure with scattered radiation was never negligible (i.e., high); Hp(3) was the highest in head CT examination, at 0.44 mSv per examination. Furthermore, the shielding effect of radiation protection glasses was large, and radiation protection glasses are useful tools for the medical staff who are involved in CT examinations. The justification and optimisation should be carefully considered in assistant actions.

DEVELOPMENT OF A SPECIALISED TAPE MEASURE TO ESTIMATE THE SIZE-SPECIFIC DOSE ESTIMATE

2020 ◽  
Vol 191 (3) ◽  
pp. 369-375
Author(s):  
Tomokazu Shohji ◽  
Kazuki Kuriyama ◽  
Nobutaka Yanano ◽  
Yo Katoh
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Ct Images ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Dose Estimate ◽  
Ct Examination ◽  
Tape Measure ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Standard Deviations

Abstract The risk in computed tomography (CT) examinations is radiation exposure. We aimed to develop a specialised tape measure for determining the size-specific dose estimate (SSDE) for patients undergoing CT scans. The scanning parameters used were those of the abdominal protocol in our institute. With this method, the SSDE220 and standard deviations obtained from CT images for the liver, pelvic and lung areas, corresponded closely to the SSDEtape and standard deviations obtained using the tape measure. We thus devised a new idea that allows the estimation of the SSDE220 using a specialised tape measure before the CT examination, allowing for an informed explanation of the radiation dose to the patient. Although the tape measure developed in this study is specific to one particular CT instrument, the method could be adapted to a wide range of radiography applications.

scholarly journals Low Dose versus Standard Single Heartbeat Acquisition Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Ernesto Di Cesare ◽  
Alessandra Di Sibio ◽  
Antonio Gennarelli ◽  
Margherita Di Luzio ◽  
Ines Casazza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Image Quality ◽  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Effective Dose ◽  
Computed Tomography Angiography ◽  
Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography ◽  
Ct Scanner ◽  
Diagnostic Quality ◽  
Coronary Computed Tomography

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare image quality and mean radiation dose between two groups of patients undergoing coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) using a 640-slice CT scanner with two protocols with different noise level thresholds expressed as standard deviation (SD). Materials and Methods: Two-hundred and sixty-eight patients underwent a CCTA with 640 slice CT scanner. In the experimental group (135 patients), an SD 51 protocol was employed; in the control group (133 patients), an SD 33 protocol was used. Mean effective dose and image quality with both objective and subjective measures were assessed. Image quality was subjectively assessed using a five-point scoring system. Segments scoring 2, 3, and 4 were considered having diagnostic quality, while segments scoring 0 and 1 were considered having nondiagnostic quality. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) between the two groups as well as the effective radiation dose (ED) was finally assessed. Results: Comparative analysis considering diagnostic quality (2, 3, and 4 score) and nondiagnostic (score 0 and 1) quality demonstrated that image quality of SD 51 group is not significantly lower than that of S33 group. The noise was significantly higher in the SD 51 group than in the SD 33 group (P < 0.0001). The SNR and CNR were higher in the SD 33 group than in SD 51 group (P < 0.0001). Mean effective dose was 49% lower in the SD 51 group than in SD 33 group; indeed mean effective dose was 1.43 mSv ± 0.67 in the SD 51 group while it was 2.8 mSv ± 0.57 in the SD 33 group. Conclusion: Comparative analysis shows that using a 640-slice CT with a 51 SD protocol, it is possible to reduce the mean radiation dose while maintaining good diagnostic image quality.

scholarly journals RADIATION DOSE MEASUREMENT IN COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY(Performance Test of CT Scanner)

1982 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 714-721
Author(s):  
HIROYUKI KOMURO ◽  
AKIRA HATTORI ◽  
KAZUHIKO YOSHIMURA
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Dose Measurement ◽  
Ct Scanner

scholarly journals Reducing fetal radiation dose in computed tomography for pregnant patients: A literature review

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 35-43
Author(s):  
Hamid Ghaznavi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Renal Stones ◽  
Gestation Period ◽  
Ct Examination ◽  
Golden Standard ◽  
Ionization Radiation ◽  
Radiation Beams ◽  
Fetal Dose

To diagnose diseases during gestation period including renal stones, appendicitis, and pulmonary embolism in pregnant patients, computed tomography (CT) can be a golden standard. Due to CT examination, the fetus is prone to receiving a considerable dose which is the result of direct or scattered (external and internal scattered radiation) beams. The effects of ionization radiation on fetus include mutagenesis and carcinogenesis, therefore, it is essential to reduce fetus dose for pregnant patients who undergo CT examination during gestation period. This article aims to review approaches that are effective in reducing fetal dose in pregnant patients.

Evaluation of age-based radiation dose in paediatric patients received from head CT examination at a tertiary hospital, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 182 ◽  
pp. 109380
Author(s):  
Muhammad Kabir Abdulkadir ◽  
Iliyasu Yusuf Izge ◽  
Garba Haruna Yunusa ◽  
Abacha Mohammed ◽  
Noor Diyana Osman
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Head Ct ◽  
Ct Examination ◽  
Paediatric Patients
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