scholarly journals Glial heterotopia of the lip: A rare presentation

2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (01) ◽  
pp. 112-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Dadaci ◽  
Fazli Cengiz Bayram ◽  
Bilsev Ince ◽  
Fatma Bilgen
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Intracranial Extension ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
Lower Complication ◽  
Lower Complication Rate ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Fibrotic Band ◽  
Glial Heterotopia

ABSTRACTGlial heterotopia represents collections of normal glial tissue in an abnormal location distant to the central nervous system or spinal canal with no intracranial connectivity. Nasal gliomas are non-neoplastic midline tumours, with limited growth potential and no similarity to the central nervous system gliomas. The nose and the nasopharynx are the most common sites of location. Existence of glial heterotopia in the lip region is a rare developmental disorder. We report a case of large glial heterotopia in the upper lip region in a full-term female newborn which had intracranial extension with a fibrotic band. After the surgery, there was no recurrence in the follow-up period of 3 years. When glial heterotopia, which is a rare midline anomaly, is suspected, possible intracranial connection and properties of the mass should be evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging. By this way, lower complication rate and better aesthetic results can be achieved with early diagnosis and proper surgery.

scholarly journals Fourth ventricular ependymoma with a distant intraventricular metastasis: Report of a rare case

2013 ◽  
Vol 04 (S 01) ◽  
pp. S121-S124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudheer Ambekar ◽  
Manish Ranjan ◽  
Sampath Somanna ◽  
Chandrajit Prasad ◽  
Vani Santosh
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Primary Tumor ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Anaplastic Ependymoma ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
The Central Nervous System

ABSTRACTEpendymoma is one of the uncommon tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) in the adult age group. These tumors have a distinct propensity for metastasis, both within and outside the CNS. However, dissemination at the time of first presentation and retrograde dissemination of the tumor is rare. We report the case of a patient with fourth ventricular anaplastic ependymoma who presented with left lateral ventricular metastasis which was anatomically different from the primary tumor. We describe the clinic‑pathological detail of the patient and discuss the probable pathophysiological basis for this rare presentation and its significance in management of the patient.

scholarly journals Spinal ependymoma presenting with visual and hearing impairment – An unusual sequelae

2012 ◽  
Vol 01 (02) ◽  
pp. 169-171
Author(s):  
Jagathlal Gangadharan ◽  
Vani Santosh ◽  
Rose Bharath ◽  
Paritosh Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Cranial Nerves ◽  
Spinal Tumor ◽  
Superficial Siderosis ◽  
Recurrent Bleeding ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
Spinal Ependymoma ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Abstract Superficial siderosis of the central nervous system is a rare complication of recurrent bleeding in the neuraxis which may present with various symptoms. We report a case of spinal tumor presenting with superficial siderosis with involvement of vision and hearing along with ataxia. This is a rare presentation of superficial siderosis. The pathogenesis of selective involvement of these cranial nerves is discussed.

Myeloid Sarcoma Involving the Central Nervous System Without Evidence of Preexisting Hematologic Disease: A Case Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 154 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S48-S48
Author(s):  
C Marshall ◽  
A D Sandhu ◽  
A Mohanty
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Myeloid Cells ◽  
Myeloid Sarcoma ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
Bone Marrow Biopsies ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Immature Myeloid Cells

Abstract Introduction/Objective Myeloid sarcoma within the central nervous system is a rare presentation of an infiltrative mass of immature myeloid cells. It is typically found in association with myeloid dysplastic syndrome, myeloproliferative disorder, or acute myeloid leukemia. Rarely, it can occur in the absence of these diseases. Methods We present the case of 68-year-old female with worsening nausea and headaches. Brain MRI showed diffuse pachymeningeal enhancement with numerous nodular enhancing extra-axial masses overlying both cerebral hemispheres. Results Open biopsy of these masses showed gelatinous, hemorrhagic, brown tissue measuring 3.0 x 2.0 x 0.7 cm. Histologically, the specimen shows a diffuse polymorphous atypical myeloid proliferation consisting of all three cell lineages. There are nodules composed predominantly of large blastoid cells with 1 to 2 prominent oblong nucleoli, consistent with erythroblasts and early erythroid precursors. In between the nodules there are myeloid cells in different stages of maturation, including numerous eosinophilic precursors. Scattered megakaryocytes are also identified. Immunohistochemistry shows positivity for E-cadherin, CD235a and spectrin which highlight the immature erythroid cells. MPO, muramidase, and CD33 are positive in myeloid elements. Eosinophilic peroxidase highlights numerous eosinophilic precursors. CD34 is positive in the endothelial cells and very rare hematopoietic cells. CD20 and PAX 5 highlights B-cells, CD3 highlights T-cells, and CD4 highlights monocytic precursors, monocytes, histiocytes and a subset of T-cells. Conclusion Additional work up at the time of biopsy including FLOW cytometry and bone marrow biopsies showed no evidence of hematologic pathology. In summary the histologic and immunohistochemical findings demonstrate a tumor composed of proliferating immature myeloid cells most consistent with myeloid sarcoma without any evidence of hematological disease.

scholarly journals EXTENSIVELY DISSEMINATED CYSTICERCOSIS – CASE REPORT AND REVIEW OF LITERATURE

2020 ◽  
pp. 68-69
Author(s):  
Navdeep Kaur ◽  
Narinder Kaur ◽  
Harvinder Singh Chhabra ◽  
Ravinder Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Brain Parenchyma ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
Subcutaneous Nodules ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion

Cysticercosis is a known disease of the developing world and accounts for the majority of epilepsy cases in these nations. The disseminated form represents a rare presentation of the disease with neurocysticercosis being the most common. Patients may present with neurological complaints of seizures only with no clinical manifestations of muscular pseudohypertrophy or palpable subcutaneous nodules usually found in disseminated form falsely localizing disease to the central nervous system. This case report highlights the fact that despite its rarity a high index of suspicion for disseminated form should be kept in mind in endemic areas and warrants routine screening of all patients for multi-organ involvement who present with multiple lesions in brain parenchyma.

scholarly journals A Rare Presentation of Invasive Tuberculosis of the Central Nervous System in an Immunocompetent Patient in a Nonendemic Country

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Martins ◽  
Carlos Casimiro ◽  
Ana Valverde ◽  
Jose Campillo
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Immunocompetent Patient ◽  
Cerebral Lesions ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
Disseminated Tuberculosis ◽  
Meningeal Involvement ◽  
Susceptibility Factors ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion

We herein report a rare case of a 25-year-old immunocompetent male patient with disseminated tuberculosis of central nervous system (CNS), first presenting as multiple cerebral lesions with no meningeal involvement. Subsequent diagnostic workup disclosed extensive peritoneal involvement. A broad differential diagnosis was considered, including neoplastic and infectious diseases. The diagnosis was confirmed with positive PCR result for Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the biopsied mesenteric tissue. The patient was started on tuberculostatic regimen with favorable outcome. No acquired or hereditary immunodeficiency was documented. Disseminated tuberculosis in immunocompetent individuals is extremely rare. Genetic susceptibility factors have been reported in individuals with extensive forms of the disease and a high index of suspicion is required, as observed in our case.

Effects of Hyperoxia on Lung Utrastructure

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 26-27
Author(s):  
Gladys Harrison
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Oxygen Effects ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Space Age ◽  
Alveolar Septa ◽  
Extensive Damage

With the advent of the space age and the need to determine the requirements for a space cabin atmosphere, oxygen effects came into increased importance, even though these effects have been the subject of continuous research for many years. In fact, Priestly initiated oxygen research when in 1775 he published his results of isolating oxygen and described the effects of breathing it on himself and two mice, the only creatures to have had the “privilege” of breathing this “pure air”.Early studies had demonstrated the central nervous system effects at pressures above one atmosphere. Light microscopy revealed extensive damage to the lungs at one atmosphere. These changes which included perivascular and peribronchial edema, focal hemorrhage, rupture of the alveolar septa, and widespread edema, resulted in death of the animal in less than one week. The severity of the symptoms differed between species and was age dependent, with young animals being more resistant.

Emigration of neutrophils in the central nervous system

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 788-789
Author(s):  
John L.Beggs ◽  
John D. Waggener ◽  
Wanda Miller ◽  
Jane Watkins
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Arterial Perfusion ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Intracisternal Injection ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Brain And Spinal Cord ◽  
Interendothelial Junctions

Studies using mesenteric and ear chamber preparations have shown that interendothelial junctions provide the route for neutrophil emigration during inflammation. The term emigration refers to the passage of white blood cells across the endothelium from the vascular lumen. Although the precise pathway of transendo- thelial emigration in the central nervous system (CNS) has not been resolved, the presence of different physiological and morphological (tight junctions) properties of CNS endothelium may dictate alternate emigration pathways.To study neutrophil emigration in the CNS, we induced meningitis in guinea pigs by intracisternal injection of E. coli bacteria.In this model, leptomeningeal inflammation is well developed by 3 hr. After 3 1/2 hr, animals were sacrificed by arterial perfusion with 3% phosphate buffered glutaraldehyde. Tissues from brain and spinal cord were post-fixed in 1% osmium tetroxide, dehydrated in alcohols and propylene oxide, and embedded in Epon. Thin serial sections were cut with diamond knives and examined in a Philips 300 electron microscope.

Mammalian Bone Marrow Acetylcholinesterase

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 44-45
Author(s):  
Ezzatollah Keyhani
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Common Property ◽  
Extracellular Medium ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Common ◽  
Mammalian Bone

Acetylcholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.7) (ACHE) has been localized at cholinergic junctions both in the central nervous system and at the periphery and it functions in neurotransmission. ACHE was also found in other tissues without involvement in neurotransmission, but exhibiting the common property of transporting water and ions. This communication describes intracellular ACHE in mammalian bone marrow and its secretion into the extracellular medium.

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