An in-vivo comparative evaluation of two herbal extracts Emblica officinalis and Terminalia Chebula with chlorhexidine as an anticaries agent: A preliminary study

Background: Emblica officinalis Gaertn. which belongs to the family Euphorbiaceae, Terminalia chebula Retz. and Terminalia bellerica Roxb. belong to the family Combretaceae. These are well known medicinal plants with phytochemical reservoir of great medicinal values and possess a vast ethnomedical history. Objective: The aim of the present study is to isolation of major compounds and to evaluate antimutagenic potential of the ethanol extracts of these plants. Methods: The dried fruits of E. officinalis, T. bellirica and T. chebula were powdered and extracted with 95% ethanol. The ethyl acetate portions were chromatographed over silica gel to isolate major compounds. Antimutagenic activity was determined by Ames test using TA98 and TA100 strains of Salmonella typhimurium. Results: Two major known compounds, gallic acid and ellagic acid were isolated from the dried fruits of Emblica officinalis, Terminalia chebula and T. bellirica. All the three extracts counteracted the mutagenicity induced by different genotoxic compounds in a dose dependent manner. Conclusion: This study showed that ethyl acetate portion of three extracts contain two major compounds, gallic acid and ellagic acid which might be responsible for potent antimutagenic activity of these extracts.

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Partial Decellularization for Segmental Tracheal Scaffold Tissue Engineering: A Preliminary Study in Rabbits

Biomolecules ◽

10.3390/biom11060866 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 866

Author(s):

Luong Huu Dang ◽

Yuan Tseng ◽

How Tseng ◽

Shih-Han Hung

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Stability ◽

Vital Staining ◽

Potential Method ◽

Term Survival ◽

Long Term Survival ◽

Cartilage Cells ◽

Preliminary Study ◽

Epithelial Layers

In this study, we developed a new procedure for the rapid partial decellularization of the harvested trachea. Partial decellularization was performed using a combination of detergent and sonication to completely remove the epithelial layers outside of the cartilage ring. The post-decellularized tracheal segments were assessed with vital staining, which showed that the core cartilage cells remarkably remained intact while the cells outside of the cartilage were no longer viable. The ability of the decellularized tracheal segments to evade immune rejection was evaluated through heterotopic implantation of the segments into the chest muscle of rabbits without any immunosuppressive therapy, which demonstrated no evidence of severe rejection or tissue necrosis under H&E staining, as well as the mechanical stability under stress-pressure testing. Finally, orthotopic transplantation of partially decellularized trachea with no immunosuppression treatment resulted in 2 months of survival in two rabbits and one long-term survival (2 years) in one rabbit. Through evaluations of posttransplantation histology and endoscopy, we confirmed that our partial decellularization method could be a potential method of producing low-immunogenic cartilage scaffolds with viable, functional core cartilage cells that can achieve long-term survival after in vivo transplantation.

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Comparative evaluation of root ZX Mini® apex locator and radiovisiography in determining the working length of primary molars: An In Vivo study

Journal of Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research ◽

10.1016/j.jobcr.2021.02.007 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 257-262

Author(s):

Rucha N. Davalbhakta ◽

Niraj S. Gokhale ◽

Shivayogi M. Hugar ◽

Chandrashekhar M. Badakar ◽

A. Gowtham ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Comparative Evaluation ◽

In Vivo Study ◽

Primary Molars ◽

Working Length

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In vivo hepatoprotective activity and the underlying mechanism of chebulinic acid from Terminalia chebula fruit

Phytomedicine ◽

10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153479 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 83 ◽

pp. 153479

Author(s):

Xin-Hong Feng ◽

Hai-Yan Xu ◽

Jian-Ye Wang ◽

Shen Duan ◽

Ying-Chun Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Underlying Mechanism ◽

Hepatoprotective Activity ◽

Terminalia Chebula

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Feasibility of balloon-based endobiliary radiofrequency ablation under cholangioscopy guidance in a swine model

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-93643-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Tadahisa Inoue ◽

Hiromu Kutsumi ◽

Mayu Ibusuki ◽

Masashi Yoneda

Keyword(s):

Radiofrequency Ablation ◽

Adverse Events ◽

Swine Model ◽

Biliary Strictures ◽

Tissue Samples ◽

Ablation Area ◽

Mucosal Changes ◽

The Mean ◽

Preliminary Study

AbstractAlthough endobiliary radiofrequency ablation (RFA) has demonstrated considerable potential for the treatment of biliary strictures, conventional catheter RFA has several limitations. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of a novel cholangioscopy (CS)-guided balloon-based RFA procedure in vivo using a swine model. CS-guided balloon-RFA was performed under endoscopic retrograde cholangiography guidance at target temperatures of 60 ℃ or 70 ℃, which were maintained for 60 s. We evaluated the technical feasibility, adverse events, and histological effects associated with the procedure. Twelve sites were ablated in seven miniature pigs. The CS-guided balloon-RFA procedure was technically successful in all cases without any hindrance. Mucosal changes could be detected during RFA, and the ablation area was identified on CS. Necropsy was performed in four pigs on the same day as the procedure: the tissue samples showed coagulative necrosis, and the entire internal circumference of the bile duct was uniformly ablated. The mean lengths of the ablation area in the samples ablated at 60 °C and 70 °C were 20.64 and 22.18 mm, respectively, while the mean depths were 3.46 and 5.07 mm, respectively. The other three pigs were reared and euthanized and autopsied 35 days after the procedure. The site to be ablated had replaced the granulation tissue and fibrotic changes. No adverse events were observed in any case. CS-guided balloon-RFA appears to be a promising option for treating biliary strictures. This preliminary study could pave the way for the evaluation of this procedure in future human clinical trials.

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