Study of toll-like receptor 4 in type 2 diabetic patients with or without nephropathy

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 167 ◽  
Author(s):  
GhadaH Al Ashram ◽  
WaleedM Fathy ◽  
MohamedA Soliman ◽  
Ahmed Ragheb
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Toll Like Receptor ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Toll Like Receptor 4 ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Cyclooxygenase 2, toll-like receptor 4 and interleukin 1β mRNA expression in atherosclerotic plaques of type 2 diabetic patients

2014 ◽  
Vol 63 (10) ◽  
pp. 851-858 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Baldan ◽  
Silvia Ferronato ◽  
Silvia Olivato ◽  
Giovanni Malerba ◽  
Alberto Scuro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Cyclooxygenase 2 ◽  
Interleukin 1Β ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaques ◽  
Toll Like Receptor ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Toll Like Receptor 4 ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

scholarly journals Patterns of Toll-Like Receptor Expressions and Inflammatory Cytokine Levels and Their Implications in the Progress of Insulin Resistance and Diabetic Nephropathy in Type 2 Diabetic Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rofyda H. Aly ◽  
Amr E. Ahmed ◽  
Walaa G. Hozayen ◽  
Alaa Mohamed Rabea ◽  
Tarek M. Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Proinflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Toll Like Receptor ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Tlr4 Mrna ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Background: Diabetic nephropathy (DNP) is a type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) chronic complication, which is the largest single cause of end-stage kidney disease. There is an increasing evidence of the role of inflammation and Toll-like receptors (TLRs) as part of innate immune system in its development and progression. In addition, Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) downward signaling causes the production of proinflammatory cytokines, which can induce insulin (INS) resistance in T2DM.Objective: The goal of this study was to estimate the expression of TLRs (TLR2 and TLR4) in relation to inflammation and INS resistance in nephrotic type 2 diabetic patients with or without renal failure and to discuss the role of these TLRs in DNP progression.Patients and Methods: In this study, blood samples were obtained from type 2 diabetic patients with or without renal failure, and patients with non-diabetic renal failure were compared to healthy controls. All participants were tested for analysis of fasting plasma glucose and serum insulin, kidney function tests, C-reactive protein (CRP), and proinflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interferon gamma (IFN-γ), and interleukin 6 (IL-6) as well as expression of TLR2 and TLR4 in peripheral blood (PB). Statistical analysis of data was done by using SPSS.Results: Diabetic patients with renal failure exhibited significant increase in TLR2, TLR4 mRNA expression in PB in comparison with normal subjects, diabetic patients without renal failure and non-diabetic patients with renal failure. Both diabetic patients with or without kidney failure and non-diabetic patients with renal failure had increased TLR2 and TLR4 mRNA expression in association with increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-6) compared to normal subjects. The diabetic patients with kidney failure exhibited the highest elevation of TLRs, Th1 cytokines and CRP in association the highest record of insulin resistance.Conclusion: Toll-like receptor 2 and Toll-like receptor 4 increased expression and Th2 cytokines may have an important role in the progression of DNP and deteriorations in insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic patients. Therefore, TLR2 and TLR4 may be a promising therapeutic target to prevent or retard DNP in type 2 diabetic patients.

Vitamin D3 supplementation improves glycemic control in type 2 diabetic patients: Results from an Italian clinical trial

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Derosa ◽  
Angela D’Angelo ◽  
Chiara Martinotti ◽  
Maria Chiara Valentino ◽  
Sergio Di Matteo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Metabolic Control ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Therapy Group ◽  
Hypoglycemic Agents ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Abstract. Background: to evaluate the effects of Vitamin D3 on glyco-metabolic control in type 2 diabetic patients with Vitamin D deficiency. Methods: one hundred and seventeen patients were randomized to placebo and 122 patients to Vitamin D3. We evaluated anthropometric parameters, glyco-metabolic control, and parathormone (PTH) value at baseline, after 3, and 6 months. Results: a significant reduction of fasting, and post-prandial glucose was recorded in Vitamin D3 group after 6 months. A significant HbA1c decrease was observed in Vitamin D3 (from 7.6% or 60 mmol/mol to 7.1% or 54 mmol) at 6 months compared to baseline, and to placebo (p < 0.05 for both). At the end of the study period, we noticed a change in the amount in doses of oral or subcutaneous hypoglycemic agents and insulin, respectively. The use of metformin, acarbose, and pioglitazone was significantly lower (p = 0.037, p = 0.048, and p = 0.042, respectively) than at the beginning of the study in the Vitamin D3 therapy group. The units of Lispro, Aspart, and Glargine insulin were lower in the Vitamin D3 group at the end of the study (p = 0.031, p = 0.037, and p = 0.035, respectively) than in the placebo group. Conclusions: in type 2 diabetic patients with Vitamin D deficiency, the restoration of value in the Vitamin D standard has led not only to an improvement in the glyco-metabolic compensation, but also to a reduced posology of some oral hypoglycemic agents and some types of insulin used.

Evaluation of aortic arch calcification in type 2 diabetic patients

VASA ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Papanas ◽  
Symeonidis ◽  
Maltezos ◽  
Giannakis ◽  
Mavridis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Aortic Arch ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Insulin Dependence ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic ◽  
Aortic Arch Calcification

Background: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the severity of aortic arch calcification among type 2 diabetic patients in association with diabetes duration, diabetic complications, coronary artery disease and presence of cardiovascular risk factors. Patients and methods: This study included 207 type 2 diabetic patients (101 men) with a mean age of 61.5 ± 8.1 years and a mean diabetes duration of 13.9 ± 6.4 years. Aortic arch calcification was assessed by means of posteroanterior chest X-rays. Severity of calcification was graded as follows: grade 0 (no visible calcification), grade 1 (small spots of calcification or single thin calcification of the aortic knob), grade 2 (one or more areas of thick calcification), grade 3 (circular calcification of the aortic knob). Results: Severity of calcification was grade 0 in 84 patients (40.58%), grade 1 in 64 patients (30.92%), grade 2 in 43 patients (20.77%) and grade 3 in 16 patients (7.73%). In simple regression analysis severity of aortic arch calcification was associated with age (p = 0.032), duration of diabetes (p = 0.026), insulin dependence (p = 0.042) and presence of coronary artery disease (p = 0.039), hypertension (p = 0.019), dyslipidaemia (p = 0.029), retinopathy (p = 0.012) and microalbuminuria (p = 0.01). In multiple regression analysis severity of aortic arch calcification was associated with age (p = 0.04), duration of diabetes (p = 0.032) and presence of hypertension (p = 0.024), dyslipidaemia (p = 0.031) and coronary artery disease (p = 0.04), while the association with retinopathy, microalbuminuria and insulin dependence was no longer significant. Conclusions: Severity of aortic arch calcification is associated with age, diabetes duration, diabetic complications (retinopathy, microalbuminuria), coronary artery disease, insulin dependence, and presence of hypertension and dyslipidaemia.

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