scholarly journals Relationship of distraction rate with inferior alveolar nerve degeneration-regeneration shift

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Li ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
Ying-hua Zhao ◽  
Shi-jian Zhang ◽  
Zi-hui Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inferior Alveolar Nerve ◽  
Nerve Degeneration ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Distraction Rate

scholarly journals Radiographic assessment of mandibular canal in Nepalese population: a study based on cone beam computed tomography images

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 52-56
Author(s):  
Pragya Shrestha ◽  
Dil Islam Mansur ◽  
Manoj Humagain ◽  
Sushmit Koju ◽  
Sunima Maskey
Keyword(s):  
Inferior Alveolar Nerve ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Mandibular Canal ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Cortical Plate ◽  
Second Molar ◽  
Computed Tomography Images ◽  
Adjacent Structures ◽  
Relationship Of

Background: Mandibular canal runs in the body and ramus of mandible and provides pas­sage for inferior alveolar nerve. Knowledge on spatial relationship of canal with adjacent structures prevent damage to nerve during surgical procedures. This study aims to find three-dimensional relationship of canal as well as its relation with third molar. Methods: This was a cross sectional and retrospective study conducted on Cone Beam Com­puted Tomography images. The relation and position of canal with third molar and position of canal in vertical and horizontal dimensions were analyzed. Results: Mandibular canal was found to be progressively descended in 43% of the canals. The canal was located apical to third molar in 61.9% cases and regarding contact relation, 121(56%) of the third molars had no contact with the canal. Buccal cortical plate was maxi­mum at the level of distal root of second molar and minimum at the level of mesial root of first molar and was reverse for lingual cortical plate. The highest distance between upper border of canal and inferior border of mandible was at mental foramen 13.55±2.27 mm and lowest at mesial root of second molar, 8.72±2.59 mm. Minimum distance between superior border of canal and alveolar crest was distal to second molar (13.78±3.54 mm) and maximum between first molar and second premolar (17.91±3.08 mm). Conclusions: It was observed that canal was interradicularly placed and was by penetrated by third molar in some cases. Thickness of cortical plates varied in various locations buccally and lingually.

scholarly journals Relationship of dental anxiety and pain during inferior alveolar nerve block

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 1626-1628
Author(s):  
Shakeel Ahmad ◽  
Usman Sana ◽  
Muhammad Haseeb ◽  
Iffat Umair Niazi ◽  
Zubair Ahmed Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Block ◽  
Dental Care ◽  
Pain Perception ◽  
Dental Anxiety ◽  
Inferior Alveolar Nerve ◽  
Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block ◽  
Dental Patients ◽  
Anxiety Levels ◽  
Block Based ◽  
Relationship Of

Aim: To understand impact of pre-operative anxiety during inferior alveolar nerve block based on pain perception. Methods: Data of 299 dental patients who collected. These patient were treated for restorative need in the Dental Section of Islam Dental College, Sialkot. Modified. Dental. Anxiety. Scale. (MDAS) was used to assess the patient’s anxiety levels.. Visual. analog. scale. was used to document the pain perceived of inferior alveolar nerve block. Results.: Anxiety and pain showed a statistically significant correlation-ship. Our findings were suggestive of increased pain associated with anxiety. Conclusion.: Assessment of anxiety levels prior to performing painful procedures can pro-actively benefit the patient and the operator. Yes, advanced methods of pain control are available but they need to be implicated judiciously. Assessing patient’s anxiety and then providing dental care will help improve dental care. Keywords.: Local anaesthesia (LA), Inferior alveolar nerve block IANB, dental anxiety

scholarly journals The outcome of postoperative paresthesia of inferior alveolar nerve after surgical removal of mandibular third molar using Orthopantomogram (OPG) versus Cone-beam CT

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 180-184
Author(s):  
Ali Hassan Sajid
Keyword(s):  
Inferior Alveolar Nerve ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
P Value ◽  
Surgical Extraction ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Periapical and Orthopantomogram (OPG) are the most commonly used radiographs for assessment of the relationship of lower 3rd molar roots with the inferior alveolar canal. Panoramic radiographs provide inadequate information of the buccolingual relationship between the roots of the 3rd molar & mandibular canal being two-dimensional (2D) in nature. To verify the relationship in three (3D) dimensions and to make a predictable treatment plan, traditional investigations may be supplemented by using CBCT. Cone-beam computerized tomography (CBCT) is an office-based radiography technique used to assess the three-dimensional relationship of lower 3rd molar roots with inferior alveolar nerve. Patients and methods: This comparative-cross sectional study was conducted at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Fatima Memorial Hospital (FMH), Lahore from 1st January 2019 till 30th June 2019. A total of 124 patients requiring removal of lower wisdom tooth were enrolled and then divided into two groups (62 in each) randomly. OPG was used for diagnosis of impacted lower 3rd molars in Group A patients while CBCT for diagnosis in Group B patients. A self-designed Performa was used to collect the data and final information was collected after 3 months of follow-up. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 20. A chi-square test was used to compare the postoperative paraesthesia between the OPG group and CBCT group patients. A p-value <0.05 was taken as significant. Results: The occurrence of postoperative paresthesia between the two groups is significantly different; being a low percentage in the CBCT group at 2nd, 7th day and after 3 months follow-up visits with a p-value of 0.019, 0.019, and 0.005 respectively. On 3 months follow up, the distribution of paraesthesia between the two groups is significantly different; 20 patients (32.25%) in OPG group A and those of 7 (11.29%) in CBCT group B experienced paresthesia with a p-value of 0.005. Conclusion: It is better to use CBCT to improve the postoperative paraesthesia for lower third molar surgical extraction.

scholarly journals Local and Systemic Toxicity of Intraoral Submucosal Injections of Phentolamine Mesylate (OraVerse)

2009 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 123-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce Rutherford ◽  
Jillynne R. Zeller ◽  
Daryl Thake
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Clinical Chemistry ◽  
Inferior Alveolar Nerve ◽  
Systemic Toxicity ◽  
Nerve Degeneration ◽  
Local Administration ◽  
Local Effects ◽  
Functional Deficits ◽  
Good Laboratory ◽  
Repeated Dosing

Abstract OraVerseTM, an injectable formulation of phentolamine mesylate (PM), was recently approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for reversal of anesthesia of the lip and tongue and associated functional deficits resulting from an intraoral submucosal injection of a local anesthetic containing a vasoconstrictor. Because PM had not been approved previously for submucosal administration, 2 Good Laboratory Practices (GLP) studies in dogs designed to investigate systemic toxicity and the local effects of single and repeated dosing of OraVerse on the inferior alveolar nerve and branches of the superior alveolar nerve and adjacent soft tissues after local administration were conducted. Systemic toxicity was measured by preinjection and postinjection clinical examinations, clinical chemistry, and gross and microscopic examinations of major organs after necropsy. No evidence of systemic toxicity was detected. Local nerve and adjacent tissue damage was assessed by conventional histopathology. Nerve degeneration was evident in 1 animal. Mild perineural inflammation adjacent to the inferior alveolar nerve and inflammatory exudates were observed in submucosal tissues in several animals. No changes were observed in the nerves at injection sites of dogs from any dose group that were considered directly related to the test articles. These data reveal that single and repeated intraoral administrations of OraVerse are well tolerated in beagle dogs.

The relationship of the scleractinian corals to the rugose corals

Paleobiology ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 6 (02) ◽  
pp. 146-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Critical Points ◽  
Scleractinian Corals ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Early Triassic ◽  
Rugose Corals ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Biologic Factors

The Mesozoic-Cenozoic coral Order Scleractinia has been suggested to have originated or evolved (1) by direct descent from the Paleozoic Order Rugosa or (2) by the development of a skeleton in members of one of the anemone groups that probably have existed throughout Phanerozoic time. In spite of much work on the subject, advocates of the direct descent hypothesis have failed to find convincing evidence of this relationship. Critical points are:(1) Rugosan septal insertion is serial; Scleractinian insertion is cyclic; no intermediate stages have been demonstrated. Apparent intermediates are Scleractinia having bilateral cyclic insertion or teratological Rugosa.(2) There is convincing evidence that the skeletons of many Rugosa were calcitic and none are known to be or to have been aragonitic. In contrast, the skeletons of all living Scleractinia are aragonitic and there is evidence that fossil Scleractinia were aragonitic also. The mineralogic difference is almost certainly due to intrinsic biologic factors.(3) No early Triassic corals of either group are known. This fact is not compelling (by itself) but is important in connection with points 1 and 2, because, given direct descent, both changes took place during this only stage in the history of the two groups in which there are no known corals.

Skeletal elements of crinoid echinoderms: High-resolution structural and microanalytical results

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 194-195
Author(s):  
D. F. Blake ◽  
L. F. Allard ◽  
D. R. Peacor
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
Sea Urchins ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Sea Stars ◽  
High Resolution Tem ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

Echinodermata is a phylum of marine invertebrates which has been extant since Cambrian time (c.a. 500 m.y. before the present). Modern examples of echinoderms include sea urchins, sea stars, and sea lilies (crinoids). The endoskeletons of echinoderms are composed of plates or ossicles (Fig. 1) which are with few exceptions, porous, single crystals of high-magnesian calcite. Despite their single crystal nature, fracture surfaces do not exhibit the near-perfect {10.4} cleavage characteristic of inorganic calcite. This paradoxical mix of biogenic and inorganic features has prompted much recent work on echinoderm skeletal crystallography. Furthermore, fossil echinoderm hard parts comprise a volumetrically significant portion of some marine limestones sequences. The ultrastructural and microchemical characterization of modern skeletal material should lend insight into: 1). The nature of the biogenic processes involved, for example, the relationship of Mg heterogeneity to morphological and structural features in modern echinoderm material, and 2). The nature of the diagenetic changes undergone by their ancient, fossilized counterparts. In this study, high resolution TEM (HRTEM), high voltage TEM (HVTEM), and STEM microanalysis are used to characterize tha ultrastructural and microchemical composition of skeletal elements of the modern crinoid Neocrinus blakei.

Studies on Leukemogenic and Sarcomagenic Viruses

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 156-157
Author(s):  
Leon Dmochowski
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Mode Of Development ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Electron microscopy has proved to be an invaluable discipline in studies on the relationship of viruses to the origin of leukemia, sarcoma, and other types of tumors in animals and man. The successful cell-free transmission of leukemia and sarcoma in mice, rats, hamsters, and cats, interpreted as due to a virus or viruses, was proved to be due to a virus on the basis of electron microscope studies. These studies demonstrated that all the types of neoplasia in animals of the species examined are produced by a virus of certain characteristic morphological properties similar, if not identical, in the mode of development in all types of neoplasia in animals, as shown in Fig. 1.

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