scholarly journals Semantic Dementia Diagnosed by F-18 FDG PET/MRI: Co-registered Images

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prashant Jolepalem ◽  
Dafang Wu
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Functional Data ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Sudden Change ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Semantic Dementia ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Fluorine 18 Fluorodeoxyglucose

We report a case of a 61-year-old male who presented with a sudden change in mental status. From a psychiatric standpoint, his symptoms were consistent with a bipolar disorder. A neurology consult raised suspicion for vascular dementia, given the sudden onset of symptoms; however, the magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) was unremarkable. The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) had findings that were suggestive of both vascular and frontotemporal lobe dementia based on parenchymal atrophy and a lacunar infarct near the thalamus. However, by co-registering the magnetic resonance images with a subsequent fluorine-18 Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (F-18 FDG PET), and combining the functional data with the anatomic appearance, the diagnosis was narrowed to semantic dementia, which is one of the lesser known subtypes of frontotemporal lobe dementia (FTD).

scholarly journals The Additional Value of 18F-FDG PET and MRI in Patients with Glioma: A Review of the Literature from 2015 to 2020

Diagnostics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 357
Author(s):  
Natale Quartuccio ◽  
Riccardo Laudicella ◽  
Antonio Vento ◽  
Salvatore Pignata ◽  
Maria Vittoria Mattoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Data ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Complementary Information ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
18F Fdg ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Additional Value ◽  
Fluorine 18 Fluorodeoxyglucose

Aim: Beyond brain computed tomography (CT) scan, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Positron Emission Tomography (PET) hold paramount importance in neuro-oncology. The aim of this narrative review is to discuss the literature from 2015 to 2020, showing advantages or complementary information of fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) PET imaging to the anatomical and functional data offered by MRI in patients with glioma. Methods: A comprehensive Pubmed/MEDLINE literature search was performed to retrieve original studies, with a minimum of 10 glioma patients, published from 2015 until the end of April 2020, on the use of 18F-FDG PET in conjunction with MRI. Results: Twenty-two articles were selected. Combined use of the two modalities improves the accuracy in predicting prognosis, planning treatments, and evaluating recurrence. Conclusion: According to the recent literature, 18F-FDG PET provides different and complementary information to MRI and may enhance performance in the whole management of gliomas. Therefore, integrated PET/MRI may be particularly useful in gliomas, since it could provide accurate morphological and metabolic information in one-shoot examination and improve the diagnostic value compared to each of procedures.

scholarly journals Image Reconstruction in Surgical Field Using Deep Learning

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 1489-1496
Author(s):  
Divya S
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Image Reconstruction ◽  
Mean Squared Error ◽  
Back Propagation ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Image Features ◽  
Squared Error Loss Function ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Fully Connected

The field of medical image reconstruction helps to improve image quality by manipulating image features and artefact with Filtered-Back Propagation for X-ray Computer Tomography (CT), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Positron Emission Tomography (PET). This project focuses on detection of tumour cells using Radiomics application that aims to extract extensive quantitative features from magnetic resonance images. In this paper image discretization models and image interpolation techniques are used to segment the MR images and train them for Image Reconstruction. The image based gray level segmentation is carried out for required feature extraction to improve the clustering analysis for segmentation. Convolution Neural Network is used for image classification and recognition because of its high accuracy. The CNN follows a hierarchical model which works on building a network and finally gives out a fully-connected layer where all the neurons are connected to each other and the output is processed. The JPEG approach is a commonly used type of compression of lossy images that centres on the Discrete Cosine Transform. By splitting images into components of varying frequencies, the DCT functions. Finally the output from the Radiomics application is compared with the existing methodology for determining the Mean Squared Error - Loss Function to ensure the image compression quality.

scholarly journals A Review on the Value of Imaging in Differentiating between Large Vessel Vasculitis and Atherosclerosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 236
Author(s):  
Pieter H. Nienhuis ◽  
Gijs D. van Praagh ◽  
Andor W. J. M. Glaudemans ◽  
Elisabeth Brouwer ◽  
Riemer H. J. A. Slart
Keyword(s):  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Large Vessel Vasculitis ◽  
Large Vessel ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Review Reports ◽  
Ct Studies

Imaging is becoming increasingly important for the diagnosis of large vessel vasculitis (LVV). Atherosclerosis may be difficult to distinguish from LVV on imaging as both are inflammatory conditions of the arterial wall. Differentiating atherosclerosis from LVV is important to enable optimal diagnosis, risk assessment, and tailored treatment at a patient level. This paper reviews the current evidence of ultrasound (US), 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET), computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to distinguish LVV from atherosclerosis. In this review, we identified a total of eight studies comparing LVV patients to atherosclerosis patients using imaging—four US studies, two FDG-PET studies, and two CT studies. The included studies mostly applied different methodologies and outcome parameters to investigate vessel wall inflammation. This review reports the currently available evidence and provides recommendations on further methodological standardization methods and future directions for research.

Prognostic value of pretransplantation positron emission tomography using fluorine 18-fluorodeoxyglucose in patients with aggressive lymphoma treated with high-dose chemotherapy and stem cell transplantation

Blood ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karoline Spaepen ◽  
Sigrid Stroobants ◽  
Patrick Dupont ◽  
Peter Vandenberghe ◽  
Johan Maertens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
High Dose Chemotherapy ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Conventional Imaging ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Fdg Pet Scan ◽  
18F Fdg ◽  
Fluorine 18 Fluorodeoxyglucose

Abstract The study assessed the prognostic value of fluorine 18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography ([18F]FDG-PET) after salvage chemotherapy before high-dose chemotherapy with stem cell transplantation (HDT/SCT) in patients with induction failure or relapsing chemosensitive lymphoma. Retrospective analysis of the clinical and conventional imaging data of 60 patients scheduled for HDT/SCT was performed in parallel with the analysis of the [18F]FDG-PET results. To determine the ability of [18F]FDG-PET to predict clinical outcome, PET images were reread without knowledge of conventional imaging and clinical history. Presence or absence of abnormal [18F]FDG uptake was related to progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Thirty patients showed a negative [18F]FDG-PET scan before HDT/SCT; 25 of those remained in complete remission, with a median follow-up of 1510 days. Two patients died due to a treatment-related mortality but without evidence of recurrent disease at that time (228-462 days). Only 3 patients had a relapse (median PFS, 1083 days) after a negative [18F]FDG-PET scan. Persistent abnormal [18F]FDG uptake was seen in 30 patients and 26 progressed (median PFS, 402 days); of these 26, 16 died from progressive disease (median OS, 408 days). Four patients are still in complete remission after a positive scan. Comparison between groups indicated a statistically significant association between [18F]FDG-PET findings and PFS (P < .000001) and OS (P < .00002). [18F]FDG-PET has an important prognostic role in the pretransplantation evaluation of patients with lymphoma and enlarges the concept of chemosensitivity used to select patients for HDT/SCT. (Blood. 2003;102:53-59)

scholarly journals Clinical and Pathological Evidence of Anti-GD2 Immunotherapy Induced Differentiation in Relapsed/Refractory High-Risk Neuroblastoma

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1264
Author(s):  
Jaume Mora ◽  
Alicia Castañeda ◽  
Maria Cecilia Colombo ◽  
Maite Gorostegui ◽  
Fernando Gomez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Current Therapy ◽  
Bone Lesions ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Apparent Diffusion ◽  
Neuroblastic Tumors ◽  
Direct Cell ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Background: Neuroblastic tumors (NBTs) originate from a block in the process of differentiation. Histologically, NBTs are classified in neuroblastoma (NB), ganglioneuroblastoma (GNB), and ganglioneuroma (GN). Current therapy for high-risk (HR) NB includes chemotherapy, surgery, radiotherapy, and anti-GD2 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Anti-GD2 mAbs induce immunological cytoxicity but also direct cell death. Methods: We report on patients treated with naxitamab for chemorefractory NB showing lesions with long periods of stable disease. Target lesions with persisting 123I-Metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) uptake after 4 cycles of immunotherapy were further evaluated by functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and/or Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography (PET). MIBG avid lesions that became non-restrictive on MRI (apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) > 1) and/or FDG-PET negative (SUV < 2) were biopsied. Results: Twenty-seven relapse/refractory (R/R) HR-NB patients were enrolled on protocol Ymabs 201. Two (7.5%) of the 27 showed persistent bone lesions on MIBG, ADC high, and/or FDG-PET negative. Forty-four R/R HR-NB patients received chemo-immunotherapy. Twelve (27%) of the 44 developed persistent MIBG+ but FDG-PET- and/or high ADC lesions. Twelve (86%) of the 14 cases identified were successfully biopsied producing 16 evaluable samples. Histology showed ganglioneuroma maturing subtype in 6 (37.5%); ganglioneuroma mature subtype with no neuroblastic component in 4 (25%); differentiating NB with no Schwannian stroma in 5 (31%); and undifferentiated NB without Schwannian stroma in one (6%). Overall, 10 (62.5%) of the 16 specimens were histopathologically fully mature NBTs. Conclusions: Our results disclose an undescribed mechanism of action for naxitamab and highlight the limitations of conventional imaging in the evaluation of anti-GD2 immunotherapy clinical efficacy for HR-NB.

scholarly journals Cervical Cancer: Associations between Metabolic Parameters and Whole Lesion Histogram Analysis Derived from Simultaneous 18F-FDG-PET/MRI

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans-Jonas Meyer ◽  
Sandra Purz ◽  
Osama Sabri ◽  
Alexey Surov
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Metabolic Tumor Volume ◽  
Total Lesion Glycolysis ◽  
Histogram Analysis ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Standardized Uptake Values ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
18F Fdg ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Multimodal imaging has been increasingly used in oncology, especially in cervical cancer. By using a simultaneous positron emission (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI, PET/MRI) approach, PET and MRI can be obtained at the same time which minimizes motion artefacts and allows an exact imaging fusion, which is especially important in anatomically complex regions like the pelvis. The associations between functional parameters from MRI and 18F-FDG-PET reflecting different tumor aspects are complex with inconclusive results in cervical cancer. The present study correlates histogram analysis and 18F-FDG-PET parameters derived from simultaneous FDG-PET/MRI in cervical cancer. Overall, 18 female patients (age range: 32–79 years) with histopathologically confirmed squamous cell cervical carcinoma were retrospectively enrolled. All 18 patients underwent a whole-body simultaneous 18F-FDG-PET/MRI, including diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) using b-values 0 and 1000 s/mm2. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) histogram parameters included several percentiles, mean, min, max, mode, median, skewness, kurtosis, and entropy. Furthermore, mean and maximum standardized uptake values (SUVmean and SUVmax), metabolic tumor volume (MTV), and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) were estimated. No statistically significant correlations were observed between SUVmax or SUVmean and ADC histogram parameters. TLG correlated inversely with p25 (r=−0.486,P=0.041), p75 (r=−0.490,P=0.039), p90 (r=−0.513,P=0.029), ADC median (r=−0.497,P=0.036), and ADC mode (r=−0.546,P=0.019). MTV also showed significant correlations with several ADC parameters: mean (r=−0.546,P=0.019), p10 (r=−0.473,P=0.047), p25 (r=−0.569,P=0.014), p75 (r=−0.576,P=0.012), p90 (r=−0.585,P=0.011), ADC median (r=−0.577,P=0.012), and ADC mode (r=−0.597,P=0.009). ADC histogram analysis and volume-based metabolic 18F-FDG-PET parameters are related to each other in cervical cancer.

scholarly journals Prognostic Significance of Fluorine-18 Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography in Anal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and a Meta-Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramin Sadeghi ◽  
Sara Harsini ◽  
Mohammad Ali Qodsi Rad ◽  
Vahid Reza Dabbagh ◽  
Giorgio Treglia
Keyword(s):  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Metabolic Response ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Anal Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Fluorine 18 Fluorodeoxyglucose ◽  
Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission

Purpose. Prognostic significance of fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (18F-FDG-PET) in anal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) has been evaluated in several studies; however, the results seem to be controversial and no consensus exists about its predictive capability. The current meta-analysis was carried out to comprehensively investigate the prognostic significance of 18F-FDG-PET parameters in patients with anal SCC. Methods. A comprehensive literature search of PubMed/MEDLINE and Scopus databases was performed to retrieve pertinent articles published until August 5th 2018, concerning the prognostic significance of 18F-FDG-PET in patients with anal SCC. No language restriction was used. Several prognostic factors were reported for progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) including pretreatment maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), metabolic tumor volume (MTV), inguinal nodal uptake, and metabolic response to therapy. Results. Eleven studies (741 patients) were included. The pooled hazard ratio (HR) for the probability of PFS was 5.36 (95% confidence interval (95% CI): 3.12–9.21, p<0.001) for metabolic response to therapy and 1.98 (95% CI: 1.26–3.12, p=0.003) for SUVmax. The pooled HR for the probability of OS was 5.87 (3.02–11.39, p<0.0001) for metabolic response to therapy. On the other hand, the study revealed that the pooled HRs of MTV and inguinal nodal uptake for PFS were 1.56 (95% CI: 0.96–2.53, p=0.072) and 1.79 (95% CI: 1–3.21, p=0.051), respectively. Conclusions. Our findings propose that some 18F-FDG-PET parameters could serve as prognostic indicators in anal SCC, but further larger studies are needed in this setting.

Emergency Magnetic Resonance Examination of Patients with Spinal Cord Symptoms

1988 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.-M. Larsson ◽  
S. Holtås ◽  
S. Cronqvist
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Epidural Abscess ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Epidural Haematoma ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Surface Coils ◽  
Signal Characteristics ◽  
Traumatic Lesions ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Eighteen consecutive patients with spinal cord symptoms of sudden or relatively sudden onset were examined with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The examinations were performed on a 0.3 tesla permanent/resistive imaging system using solenoidal surface coils. MRI revealed epidural tumour in five patients, intramedullary tumour in one, epidural abscess in one, myelitis in two, spontaneous intraspinal epidural haematoma in two, disc herniation in two, traumatic lesions in four and no abnormality in one patient. MRI was found to be capable of non-invasively and painlessly detecting and exactly defining the extent of intraspinal and paraspinal lesions. In some cases the nature of the lesion could be inferred from specific signal characteristics, which is a unique property of MRI. The results strongly suggest that MRI is superior to myelography and other imaging methods and should be regarded as the examination of choice in the emergency examination of patients with spinal cord symptoms.

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