Genetic predisposition and prediction protocol for epithelial neoplasms in disease-free individuals: A systematic review

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a common type of cancer characterized by a low survival rate, mostly due to local recurrence and metastasis. In view of the importance of predicting tumor behavior in the choice of treatment strategies for OSCC, several studies have attempted to investigate the prognostic value of tissue biomarkers, including microRNA (miRNA). The purpose of this study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the relationship between miRNA expression and survival of OSCC patients. Studies were identified by searching on MEDLINE/PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Quality assessment of studies was performed with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Data were collected from cohort studies comparing disease-free survival and overall survival in patients with high miRNA expression compared to those with low expression. A total of 15 studies featuring 1,200 OSCC samples, predominantly from Asia, met the inclusion criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. Poor prognosis correlated with upregulation of 9 miRNAs (miR-21, miR-455-5p, miiR-155-5p, miR-372, miR-373, miR-29b, miR-1246, miR-196a, and miR-181) and downregulation of 7 miRNAs (miR-204, miR-101, miR-32, miR-20a, miR-16, miR-17, and miR-125b). The pooled hazard ratio values (95% confidence interval) related to different miRNA expression for overall survival and disease-free survival were 2.65 (2.07–3.39) and 1.95 (1.28–2.98), respectively. The results of this meta-analysis revealed that the expression levels of specific miRNAs can robustly predict prognosis of OSCC patients.

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TP1.2.3Oncological Outcomes of Organ Preservation Strategies - Local Excision Procedures and ‘Watchful Waiting’ In Management of Low Rectal Cancers – A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis

British Journal of Surgery ◽

10.1093/bjs/znab362.002 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 108 (Supplement_7) ◽

Author(s):

A R Aspari ◽

V Ramesh ◽

G Kumar ◽

S N Narayanasamy ◽

A O Gumber ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Overall Survival ◽

Local Recurrence ◽

Organ Preservation ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Disease Free Survival ◽

Distant Metastases ◽

Free Survival ◽

Rectal Cancers ◽

Disease Free

Abstract Objective To evaluate local recurrence, metastases, and survival outcomes of `wait and watch’ (WW) strategy and local excision (LE) of tumours, in comparison to the present standard practice of total mesorectal excision (TME) for locally advanced rectal cancers. Data Sources MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed databases, and sources of Grey literature. Study Selection Randomised and non-randomised prospective studies, retrospective studies with propensity-score-matched analyses. Data Extraction and Synthesis These were carried out independently by two reviewers. A random-effects methodology was used for meta-analyses. Data was presented keeping with the 27-item PRISMA checklist. Main Outcomes The primary outcomes of interest were local recurrence, distant metastases, disease-free-survival and overall-survival, which were assessed in comparison to those associated with radical surgeries (TME). Results 7 of the 16 studies in the systematic review were included for the quantitative synthesis and meta-analysis. Local recurrence rates were comparable amongst patients in WW group and LE group to those undergoing TME. [Risk ratio (RR) 3.07/1.41; 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 0.86-10.95/0.66-3.01; P = 0.08/P=0.89 respectively]. Rates of distant metastases in the WW group and LE group were comparable to those undergoing TME [RR = 0.71/0.94; 95% CI 0.22-2.30/0.55-1.61; P = 0.56/ P = 0.83 respectively]. The median 3-year disease-free survival among patients undergoing WW, LE procedure, and TME were 88%, 80%, and 78.2% respectively; and the median 3-year overall survival among the three groups were 96%, 93%, and 89.5% respectively. Conclusions and Relevance Organ-preservation strategies appear to be a viable treatment option in the management of rectal-cancers. Further research is warranted to provide stronger levels of evidence on organ-preservation strategies.

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Genetic predisposition in metabolic‐dysfunction‐associated fatty liver disease and cardiovascular outcomes—Systematic review

European Journal of Clinical Investigation ◽

10.1111/eci.13331 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 50 (10) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Abdulrahman Ismaiel ◽

Dan L. Dumitrascu

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Liver Disease ◽

Fatty Liver ◽

Genetic Predisposition ◽

Fatty Liver Disease ◽

Cardiovascular Outcomes ◽

Metabolic Dysfunction

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Impact of Primary Prophylaxis With Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor on Febrile Neutropenia and Mortality in Adult Cancer Patients Receiving Chemotherapy: A Systematic Review

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2006.08.8823 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 25 (21) ◽

pp. 3158-3167 ◽

Cited By ~ 439

Author(s):

Nicole M. Kuderer ◽

David C. Dale ◽

Jeffrey Crawford ◽

Gary H. Lyman

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Febrile Neutropenia ◽

Musculoskeletal Pain ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Dose Intensity ◽

Primary Prophylaxis ◽

The Impact ◽

Stimulating Factor ◽

Disease Free ◽

Related Mortality

Purpose Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of prophylactic granulocyte colony-stimulating factors (G-CSF) have demonstrated a significant reduction in febrile neutropenia (FN) after systemic chemotherapy. Several RCTs have been published recently that investigate the impact of G-CSF on mortality and relative dose-intensity (RDI). Methods A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of all reported RCTs comparing primary prophylactic G-CSF with placebo or untreated controls in adult solid tumor and malignant lymphoma patients was undertaken without language restrictions, using electronic databases, conference proceedings, and hand-searching techniques. Two reviewers extracted data independently. Summary estimates of relative risk (RR) with 95% CIs were estimated based on the method of Mantel-Haenszel and DerSimonian and Laird. Results Seventeen RCTs were identified including 3,493 patients. For infection-related mortality, RR reduction with G-CSF compared with controls was 45% (RR = 0.55; 95% CI, 0.33 to 0.90; P = .018); for early mortality (all-cause mortality during chemotherapy period), it was 40% (RR = 0.60; 95% CI, 0.43 to 0.83; P = .002); and for FN, it was 46% (RR = 0.54; 95% CI, 0.43 to 0.67; P < .001). Average RDI was significantly higher in patients who received G-CSF compared with control patients (P < .001). Bone or musculoskeletal pain was reported in 10.4% of controls and 19.6% of G-CSF patients (RR = 4.03; 95% CI, 2.15 to 7.52; P < .001). Significant reductions in FN with G-CSF were observed in studies allowing secondary G-CSF prophylaxis in controls and in the three trials with concurrent prophylactic antibiotics in both treatment arms. Conclusion Prophylactic G-CSF reduces the risk of FN and early deaths, including infection-related mortality, while increasing RDI and musculoskeletal pain. There are insufficient data to assess the impact of G-CSF on disease-free and overall survival.

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Endpoints in adjuvant trials: A systematic review of the literature in colon cancer and proposed definitions for future trials

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.4018 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽

pp. 4018-4018

Author(s):

M. E. Buyse ◽

K. J. Punt ◽

C. H. Köhne ◽

P. Hohenberger ◽

R. Labianca ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Colon Cancer ◽

Overall Survival ◽

Disease Free Survival ◽

Review Of The Literature ◽

Free Survival ◽

Medical Oncologists ◽

Starting Point ◽

Definition Of ◽

Disease Free

4018 Background: Disease-free survival (DFS) is the primary endpoint of most trials testing adjuvant treatments. However many other endpoints are used. There is much confusion about these endpoints since different definitions were used among trials, or no definitions were provided at all. Moreover there is no consensus on either the definition of each endpoint or on the most relevant among these endpoints. This creates difficulties when comparing the results of various trials. Methods: Adjuvant trials in colon cancer were used as a model. A systematic review was performed on published adjuvant studies in colon cancer from 1997–2006, and the definitions of endpoints other than overall survival (OS) were recorded. A panel of medical oncologists, surgical oncologists, and a statistician, all with expertise in randomised trials in colorectal cancer, aimed to reach consensus on the definition of the various endpoints as well as to select the most relevant among these. Results: A total of 52 studies were identified. In addition to overall survival 8 other endpoints were used, and both the definition of these endpoints as well as the starting point differed considerably among these studies. No definition was provided for the endpoint in 19 (37%) studies and for the starting point in 30 (58%) studies. The panel reached consensus on the definition of each endpoint ( table ), and agreed that DFS, defined as the time from randomisation to any event irrespective of cause was considered to be the most relevant endpoint for adjuvant studies. The date of randomisation was considered to be the most appropriate starting point. Conclusions: The proposed guideline will help in the design of future adjuvant studies in colon cancer, and will achieve the uniformity required to facilitate cross-study comparisons. It may serve as a model for adjuvant studies in other solid tumors. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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Adjuvant Therapy for Stage II Colon Cancer: A Systematic Review From the Cancer Care Ontario Program in Evidence-Based Care’s Gastrointestinal Cancer Disease Site Group

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2004.03.087 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 22 (16) ◽

pp. 3395-3407 ◽

Cited By ~ 218

Author(s):

Alvaro Figueredo ◽

Manya L. Charette ◽

Jean Maroun ◽

Melissa C. Brouwers ◽

Lisa Zuraw

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Colon Cancer ◽

Overall Survival ◽

Adjuvant Therapy ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Disease Free Survival ◽

Stage Ii ◽

Free Survival ◽

Stage Ii Colon Cancer ◽

Disease Free

Purpose To develop a systematic review that would address the following question: Should patients with stage II colon cancer receive adjuvant therapy? Methods A systematic review was undertaken to locate randomized controlled trials comparing adjuvant therapy to observation. Results Thirty-seven trials and 11 meta-analyses were included. The evidence for stage II colon cancer comes primarily from a trial of fluorouracil plus levamisole and a meta-analysis of 1,016 patients comparing fluorouracil plus folinic acid versus observation. Neither detected an improvement in disease-free or overall survival for adjuvant therapy. A recent pooled analysis of data from seven trials observed a benefit for adjuvant therapy in a multivariate analysis for both disease-free and overall survival. The disease-free survival benefits appeared to extend to stage II patients; however, no P values were provided. A meta-analysis of chemotherapy by portal vein infusion has also shown a benefit in disease-free and overall survival for stage II patients. A meta-analysis was conducted using data on stage II patients where data were available (n = 4,187). The mortality risk ratio was 0.87 (95% CI, 0.75 to 1.01; P = .07). Conclusion There is preliminary evidence indicating that adjuvant therapy is associated with a disease-free survival benefit for patients with stage II colon cancer. These benefits are small and not necessarily associated with improved overall survival. Patients should be made aware of these results and encouraged to participate in active clinical trials. Additional investigation of newer therapies and more mature data from the presently available trials should be pursued.

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Genetic predisposition to acute kidney injury – a systematic review

BMC Nephrology ◽

10.1186/s12882-015-0190-6 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Laura M. Vilander ◽

Mari A. Kaunisto ◽

Ville Pettilä

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Acute Kidney Injury ◽

Genetic Predisposition ◽

Kidney Injury

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Androgen Deprivation Therapy Combined With Particle Therapy for Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review

Frontiers in Oncology ◽

10.3389/fonc.2021.695647 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Author(s):

Stine Elleberg Petersen ◽

Morten Høyer

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Systematic Review ◽

High Risk ◽

Androgen Deprivation Therapy ◽

Disease Free Survival ◽

Androgen Deprivation ◽

Particle Therapy ◽

Free Survival ◽

High Risk Prostate Cancer ◽

Disease Free

PurposeThere is high-level evidence for addition of androgen deprivation therapy to photon-based radiotherapy of the prostate in intermediate- and high-risk prostate cancer. Little is known about the value of ADT in particle therapy of prostate cancer. We are conducting a systematic review on biochemical disease-free survival, overall survival, and morbidity after combined particle therapy and ADT for prostate cancer.MethodsA thorough search in PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were conducted, searching for relevant studies. Clinical studies on prostate cancer and the treatment combination of particle therapy and androgen deprivation therapy were included. The review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and registered on PROSPERO (CRD42021230801).ResultsA total of 298 papers were identified. Fifteen papers reporting on 7,202 patients after proton or carbon-ion therapy for localized prostate cancer where a fraction or all patients received ADT were selected for analysis. Three thousand five hundred and nineteen (49%) of the patients had received combined ADT and particle therapy. Primarily high-risk (87%), to a lesser extent intermediate-risk (34%) and low-risk patients (12%) received ADT. There were no comparative studies on the effect of ADT in patients treated with particles and no studies identified ADT as an independent prognostic factor related to survival outcomes.ConclusionsThe review found no evidence to support that the effects on biochemical disease-free survival and morbidity of combining ADT to particle therapy differs from the ADT effects in conventional photon based radiotherapy. The available data on the topic is limited.

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