Evaluation of probiotic effect of Actinomyces species on dental caries: an experimental study

Abstract Background Actinomyces species are Gram positive anaerobic, non-sporulating, non-acid fast, non-motile, irregularly staining bacterium. It is associated with a wide range of infections including; dental caries, abscesses, intraabdominal and bloodstream infections. A. odontolyticus normally a commensal organism found in the mouth, was first isolated from dental caries in 1958. The incidence of Actinomyces odontolyticus bacteremia is less common. Methods We are reporting 15 cases of isolated A. odontolyticus blood stream infection at HMC, State of Qatar from 1/1/2016 to 1/11/2020. We aim to describe their clinical characteristic, risk factors and treatment outcome. Results Our patients with bacteraemia fall into one of two groups. The first group consists of paediatric patients with unremarkable co-morbidities. The second group includes older adults, often with co-morbidities that pre-dispose to infection, such as diabetes mellitus or hypertension. Fever was the main presenting sign and symptom in 12 patients (80%). Nine of the patients were females (60%). 13 patients (86%) received antibiotics. Maximum duration of antibiotics was 60 days and minimum duration was three days. The infectious disease team was consulted for six patients (40%). One patient died while the other 14 recovered uneventfully with a case fatality rate of 6.6%. Reported cases of Actinomyces odontolyticus bacteraemia in Hamad Medical Corporation between 1/1/2016 to 1/11/2020 Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of selected antibiotics against A. odontolyticus, including interpretations and breakpoints, as reported by the AMRHAI reference unit, PHE Colindale Conclusion Clinicians of all specialties need to be aware of the rising number of reports of Actinomyces species bacteraemia due to widespread availability of molecular identification techniques, including MALTI-TOF. 3 Furthermore, more studies are needed to determine guidelines for treating these resilient microbes Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

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Uji daya hambat ekstrak daun serai (Cymbopogon citratus L) terhadap pertumbuhan Streptococcus mutans

e-GIGI ◽

10.35790/eg.5.1.2017.14736 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Susanna A. F. Kawengian ◽

Jane Wuisan ◽

Michael A. Leman

Keyword(s):

Experimental Study ◽

Dental Caries ◽

Streptococcus Mutans ◽

Antibacterial Effect ◽

Average Diameter ◽

Inhibition Zone ◽

Cymbopogon Citratus ◽

Medical Field ◽

Lemon Grass

Abstract: One of the plants that can be used in medical field is the lemongrass plant (Cymboogon citratus) that has lush and dense leaves. Lemongrass leaves contain alkaloids, saponins, tannins, polyphenols, and flavonoids. Streptococcus mutans is known as one of the bacteria that can cause dental caries. An alternative way to eliminate Streptococcus mutans is by using lemongrass leaves. This study was aimed to determine the antibacterial effect of lemon grass leaves extract in inhibition of the growth of Streptococcus mutans and its degree of effectivenss referred to the inhibition zone. This was an experimental study using modified Kirby-bauer method with wells. The leaves of lemon grass were taken from Kalawat, North Minahasa then they were extracted with maceration method using 96% ethanol. Streptococcus mutans were obtained from the pure stock of Pharmacy Laboratory MIPA Sam Ratulangi University. The results showed that the total diameter of inhibition zone of lemon grass leaves extract against Streptococcus mutans was 19.8 mm with an average of 3.96 mm. Conclusion: Lemon grass extract was effective in inhibition of Streptococcus mutans with an average diameter of inhobotion zone of 3.96 mm.Keywords: lemon grass leaves, Streptococcus mutans, inhibition zone Abstrak: Salah satu tanaman yang dipercaya dapat dijadikan obat yaitu tanaman serai (Cymbopogon citratus) yang memiliki daun yang rimbun dan lebat. Daun serai mengandung alkaloid, saponin, tanin, polifenol dan flavonoid. Streptococcus mutans merupakan salah satu penyebab karies gigi. Cara alternatif untuk menanggulangi Streptococcus mutans yaitu dengan menggunakan daun serai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah ekstrak daun serai memiliki daya hambat terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Streptococcus mutans serta menilai besar daya hambat ekstrak daun serai terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Streptococcus mutans dilihat dari diameter zona hambat. Jenis penelitian ialah eksperimental dengan metode modifikasi Kirby-bauer menggunakan sumuran. Sampel daun serai diambil dari daerah Kalawat Kabupaten Minahasa Utara kemudian diekstraksi dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 96%. Bakteri Streptococcus mutans diambil dari stok bakteri murni Laboratorium Farmakologi MIPA Universitas Sam Ratulangi Manado. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan total diameter zona hambat ekstrak daun serai terhadap Streptococcus mutans sebesar 19,8 mm dengan nilai rerata sebesar 3,96 mm. Simpulan: Ekstrak daun serai memiliki daya hambat terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Streptococcus mutans dengan rerata zona hambat sebesar 3,96 mm.Kata kunci: daun serai (cymbopogon citratus L), streptococcus mutans, zona hambat

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An experimental study of lithium and dental caries in the rat

Archives of Oral Biology ◽

10.1016/0003-9969(82)90072-3 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 27 (7) ◽

pp. 573-576 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

M.E.J. Curzon

Keyword(s):

Experimental Study ◽

Dental Caries

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Cell Wall Ultrastructure in Three Strains of a Cariogenic Streptococcus

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100065730 ◽

1971 ◽

Vol 29 ◽

pp. 338-339

Author(s):

M. J. Kramer ◽

Alan L. Coykendall

Keyword(s):

Cell Wall ◽

Dental Caries ◽

Streptococcus Mutans ◽

Microscopic Study ◽

Electron Microscopic Study ◽

Genetic Heterogeneity ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Electron Microscopic ◽

Dna Reassociation ◽

Wall Ultrastructure

During the almost 50 years since Streptococcus mutans was first suggested as a factor in the etiology of dental caries, a multitude of studies have confirmed the cariogenic potential of this organism. Streptococci have been isolated from human and animal caries on numerous occasions and, with few exceptions, they are not typable by the Lancefield technique but are relatively homogeneous in their biochemical reactions. An analysis of the guanine-cytosine (G-C) composition of the DNA from strains K-1-R, NCTC 10449, and FA-1 by one of us (ALC) revealed significant differences and DNA-DNA reassociation experiments indicated that genetic heterogeneity existed among the three strains. The present electron microscopic study had as its objective the elucidation of any distinguishing morphological characteristics which might further characterize the respective strains.

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Experimental study on the restoration from a tilt-azimuth series for improvement in resolution

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s042482010013955x ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 53 ◽

pp. 636-637

Author(s):

Norio Baba ◽

Norihiko Ichise ◽

Syunya Watanabe

Keyword(s):

Experimental Study ◽

Spherical Aberration ◽

Incident Beam ◽

Optical Parameters ◽

Beam Tilting ◽

Illumination Method ◽

Restoration Method ◽

Illumination Mode

The tilted beam illumination method is used to improve the resolution comparing with the axial illumination mode. Using this advantage, a restoration method of several tilted beam images covering the full azimuthal range was proposed by Saxton, and experimentally examined. To make this technique more reliable it seems that some practical problems still remain. In this report the restoration was attempted and the problems were considered. In our study, four problems were pointed out for the experiment of the restoration. (1) Accurate beam tilt adjustment to fit the incident beam to the coma-free axis for the symmetrical beam tilting over the full azimuthal range. (2) Accurate measurements of the optical parameters which are necessary to design the restoration filter. Even if the spherical aberration coefficient Cs is known with accuracy and the axial astigmatism is sufficiently compensated, at least the defocus value must be measured. (3) Accurate alignment of the tilt-azimuth series images.

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