Ticket Price, Tiers

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Daniel Reese
Keyword(s):  
Ticket Price ◽  
Price Tiers

Modeling of spatial distribution of passenger traffi c on interurban bus routes

Innotrans ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 31-36
Author(s):  
Alexander V. Martynenko ◽  
◽  
Alexander A. Shevtsov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Quantitative Description ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Practical Point ◽  
Ticket Price ◽  
Passenger Traffic ◽  
Correlation And Regression Analysis ◽  
Classical Gravity ◽  
Bus Service

This paper is devoted to the quantitative description of the spatial distribution of passenger traffic based on the classical gravity model on the example of interurban bus service between Yekaterinburg and other cities of the Sverdlovsk region. The influence of factors such as population, distance between localities, and ticket price on the volume of passenger traffic was studied. As a result of the correlation and regression analysis, it was found that both the distance between localities and the ticket price can be used as a measure of the remoteness of localities. However, the quality of the resulting regression model does not change. The spatial distribution of interurban bus passenger traffic depends on the measure of distance of localities from each other and the size of their population. Moreover, the size of the population is a much more significant factor than the measure of distance. From a practical point of view, this means that when predicting passenger traffic, demographic factors must first be taken into account.

scholarly journals KARAKTERISTIK DAN MOTIVASI WISATAWAN DOMESTIK PENGGUNA LOW COST CARRIER PADA MASKAPAI PENERBANGAN LION AIR DI BANDARA INTERNASIONAL NGURAH RAI BALI

Jurnal IPTA ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Roels Ni Made Sri Puspa Dewi ◽  
Ni Made Oka Karini ◽  
Ni Putu Eka Mahadewi
Keyword(s):  
Extrinsic Motivation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Ticket Price ◽  
Low Cost Carrier ◽  
Qualitative Technique ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Push Factor ◽  
Domestic Tourist

Low Cost Carrier has a tight competition, nowadays. There are more product offering to interest tourist which one is cheap ticket price or be familiar call Low Cost Carrier. Which one company in Indonesia applying Low Cost Carrier is Lion Air company. The aims of this study is to determine how the characteristics and motivation domestic tourists used Low Cost Carrier at Lion Air in Ngurah Rai International Airport Bali. The study was conducted at Lion Air. The object of this research was the characteristics and motivation of tourists who as means of transport choose Low Cost Carrier. Sample of respondents was 105 respondents. The collected data were observation, questionnaire, interview, literature study and documentation. The questionnaires was used as measuring the characteristics and motivation domestic tourists. The research was conducted using descriptive qualitative technique. The result of this research is domestic tourist characteristic used Lion Air divided into trip descriptor and tourist descriptor. By trip descriptor the tourist has short time to holiday around 3 untill 3 days with purposes of the trip is family trip with period using Lion Air around 2 untill more than 5 times. By tourist descriptor the tourists using Lion Air was teenager or adolescent with average income less than one million. Tourist motivation seen from push factor used Lion Air is cheaper ticket price while pull factor is there are more discount offering by Lion Air. Tourist motivation divided into intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation. Intrinsically, domestic tourist motivation used Lion Air by using Maslow theory is Social needs. While extrinsically is nowadays trends used airlines which applying Low Cost Carrier. Recommendation for Lion Air is to improve airlines network to avoid the delay of Lion Airlines.

scholarly journals Cigarette Affordability and Cigarette Consumption among Adult and Elderly Chinese Smokers: Evidence from A Longitudinal Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (23) ◽  
pp. 4832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Hu ◽  
Yang Wang ◽  
Jidong Huang ◽  
Rong Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Cigarette Consumption ◽  
Cigarette Price ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Elderly Age ◽  
Price Tiers ◽  
The Impact

China is in the midst of an epidemic of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), which has increasingly accounted for a growing share of disease burden, due in part to China’s ongoing rapid socioeconomic changes and population aging. Smoking, the second leading health risk factors associated with NCDs in China, disproportionately affects the old population more than their younger counterparts. Using survey data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), this study evaluated the impact of changes in cigarette affordability on smoking behavior among middle-aged and elderly (age 45 and older) smokers. Self-reported cigarette price and disposable income were used to calculate cigarette affordability. Cigarette consumption was measured using the number of cigarettes smoked per day reported by the survey respondents. The correlation between cigarette affordability and cigarette consumption was estimated using generalized estimating equations adjusting for demographics, socioeconomic status, geolocations, and cigarette price tiers, as well as year fixed effects. The estimated overall conditional cigarette affordability elasticity of demand was –0.165, implying a 10% decrease in cigarette affordability would result in a reduction in cigarette consumption by 1.65%. The cigarette affordability responsiveness differs by demographics, socioeconomic status, geolocations, and cigarette price tiers. This study provides evidence that tax/price policies that reduce cigarette affordability could lead to a decrease in cigarette consumption among middle-aged and elderly smokers in China. Smoke-free laws, as well as minimum price regulations, may be needed to compliment excise tax policy to target specific smoking subgroups whose cigarette consumption is less sensitive to changes in cigarette affordability.

ARE LOTTERIES SUBSTITUTES FOR EACH OTHER?

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Price Elasticity ◽  
Regression Discontinuity ◽  
Substitution Effect ◽  
The Other ◽  
Tax Revenue ◽  
Theoretical Studies ◽  
Social Experiment ◽  
Ticket Price ◽  
The Relationship

As lottery becomes a more and more important source for government tax revenue, one opinion argues that governments should strategically manage different lotteries and coordinate the prices of different lotteries. Although, in the literature, many studies have examined single lottery price elasticity, little has been done to understand the relationship between different lotteries. We examine the substitution effect between two almost identical national lotteries in Canada: Lotto 6/49 and Super 7 (Now called Lotto Max). By exploiting a social experiment, we employ a Regression Discontinuity method to estimate the elasticity of the lotteries. We find surprisingly low cross elasticity between these two, almost identical, Canadian lotteries. If the nominal ticket price of one lottery doubles, the demand for the other lottery does not change significantly. This puzzlingly low substitution effect between the two, almost identical, Canadian lotteries provides a benchmark for future theoretical studies.

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