Biomarkers for Cancers of the Head and Neck

Head and neck cancer is a broad term used to describe malignancies that arise in the nasal and oral cavities, pharynx and larynx, as well as the paranasal sinuses. Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) affects the squamous epithelium of the oral cavity, tongue and oropharynx, excluding the nasopharynx. Recent advances in molecular technology, including gene expression and proteomic profiling appear to offer the potential for the development of specific biomarkers including diagnostic tools which may act as an aid to guide therapy for this malignancy. The other human head and neck cancer included in this review, nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignancy derived from the undifferentiated epithelium of the nasopharyngeal cavity, and is considered here as a separate entity because its strong association with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) presents the opportunity for the development of virus related and unrelated biomarkers. In particular, IgA antibodies to EBV and high levels of EBV DNA in serum samples of NPC patients have been recorded. This review aims to summarize some current and also potential new biomarkers that could be used for screening, diagnosis, monitoring and prognostic prediction for cancers of the head and neck, including NPC and HNSCC.

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Co-incidence of Human Papillomaviruses and Epstein–Barr Virus Is Associated With High to Intermediate Tumor Grade in Human Head and Neck Cancer in Syria

Frontiers in Oncology ◽

10.3389/fonc.2020.01016 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ishita Gupta ◽

Lina Ghabreau ◽

Hamda Al-Thawadi ◽

Amber Yasmeen ◽

Semir Vranic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Head And Neck Cancer ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Neck Cancer ◽

Epstein Barr Virus ◽

Human Head ◽

Tumor Grade ◽

Human Papillomaviruses ◽

Barr Virus ◽

Epstein Barr

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Downregulation of Cystine Transporter xc– by Irinotecan in Human Head and Neck Cancer FaDu Xenografts

Chemotherapy ◽

10.1159/000316334 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 56 (3) ◽

pp. 223-233 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Sreenivasulu Chintala ◽

Károly Tóth ◽

Ming-Biao Yin ◽

Arup Bhattacharya ◽

Sylvia B. Smith ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Head And Neck Cancer ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Neck Cancer ◽

Human Head ◽

Cystine Transporter

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Clinical utility of a functional lumen imaging probe in management of dysphagia following head and neck cancer therapies

Endoscopy ◽

10.1055/s-0043-110670 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 49 (09) ◽

pp. 848-854 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Peter Wu ◽

Michal Szczesniak ◽

Julia Maclean ◽

Lennart Choo ◽

Harry Quon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Head And Neck Cancer ◽

Diagnostic Accuracy ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Neck Cancer ◽

Characteristic Curve ◽

Diagnostic Tools ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Imaging Probe ◽

Functional Lumen Imaging Probe ◽

Dysphagic Patients

Abstract Background and aims Chemoradiotherapy for head and neck cancer (HNC) with/without laryngectomy commonly causes dysphagia. Pharyngoesophageal junction (PEJ) stricturing is an important contributor. We aimed to validate a functional lumen imaging probe (the EndoFLIP system) as a tool for quantitating pretreatment PEJ distensibility and treatment-related changes in HNC survivors with dysphagia and to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of EndoFLIP-derived distensibility in detecting PEJ strictures. Methods We studied 34 consecutive HNC survivors with long-term (> 12 months) dysphagia who underwent endoscopic dilation for suspected strictures. Twenty non-dysphagic patients undergoing routine endoscopy served as controls. PEJ distensibility was measured at endoscopy with the EndoFLIP system pre- and post-dilation. PEJ stricture was defined as the presence of a mucosal tear post-dilation. Results PEJ stricture was confirmed in 22/34 HNC patients (65 %). During distension up to 60 mmHg, the mean EndoFLIP-derived narrowest cross-sectional area (nCSA) in HNC patients with strictures, without strictures, and in controls were 58 mm2 (95 % confidence interval [CI] 22 to 118), 195 mm2 (95 %CI 129 to 334), and 227 mm2 (95 %CI 168 to 316), respectively. A cutoff of 114 mm2 for the nCSA at the PEJ had perfect diagnostic accuracy in detecting strictures (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve = 1). In patients with strictures, a single session of dilation increased the nCSA by 29 mm2 (95 %CI 20 to 37; P < 0.001). In patients with no strictures, dilation caused no change in the nCSA (mean difference 13 mm2 [95 %CI −4 to 30]; P = 0.13). Conclusions EndoFLIP is a highly accurate technique for the detection of PEJ strictures. EndoFLIP may complement conventional diagnostic tools in the detection of pharyngeal outflow obstruction.

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Induction of sestrin 2 is associated with fisetin-mediated apoptosis in human head and neck cancer cell lines

Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition ◽

10.3164/jcbn.18-63 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 64 (2) ◽

pp. 97-105 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Dong-Hoon Won ◽

Shin Hye Chung ◽

Ji-Ae Shin ◽

Kyoung-Ok Hong ◽

In-Hyoung Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Head And Neck Cancer ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Cell Lines ◽

Cancer Cell ◽

Neck Cancer ◽

Human Head ◽

Cancer Cell Lines

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Glutathione Peroxidases in Human Head and Neck Cancer

Acta Oto-Laryngologica ◽

10.3109/00016489509139323 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 115 (2) ◽

pp. 331-333 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

T. P. J. Mulder ◽

J. J. Manni ◽

H. M. J. Roelofs ◽

W. H. M. Peters ◽

A. Wiersma

Keyword(s):

Head And Neck Cancer ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Neck Cancer ◽

Human Head ◽

Glutathione Peroxidases

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β1 Integrin/FAK/cortactin signaling is essential for human head and neck cancer resistance to radiotherapy

Journal of Clinical Investigation ◽

10.1172/jci61350 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 122 (4) ◽

pp. 1529-1540 ◽

Cited By ~ 139

Author(s):

Iris Eke ◽

Yvonne Deuse ◽

Stephanie Hehlgans ◽

Kristin Gurtner ◽

Mechthild Krause ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Head And Neck Cancer ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Neck Cancer ◽

Human Head ◽

Β1 Integrin ◽

Cancer Resistance

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Inhibition of Glutathione and Thioredoxin Metabolism Enhances Sensitivity to Perifosine in Head and Neck Cancer Cells

Journal of Oncology ◽

10.1155/2009/519563 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 2009 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Andrean L. Simons ◽

Arlene D. Parsons ◽

Katherine A. Foster ◽

Kevin P. Orcutt ◽

Melissa A. Fath ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Head And Neck Cancer ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Neck Cancer ◽

Reductase Activity ◽

Thioredoxin Reductase ◽

Buthionine Sulfoximine ◽

Human Head ◽

Akt Inhibitor ◽

Simultaneous Treatment

The hypothesis that the Akt inhibitor, perifosine (PER), combined with inhibitors of glutathione (GSH) and thioredoxin (Trx) metabolism will induce cytotoxicity via metabolic oxidative stress in human head and neck cancer (HNSCC) cells was tested. PER induced increases in glutathione disulfide (%GSSG) in FaDu, Cal-27, and SCC-25 HNSCCs as well as causing significant clonogenic cell killing in FaDu and Cal-27, which was suppressed by simultaneous treatment with N-acetylcysteine (NAC). An inhibitor of GSH synthesis, buthionine sulfoximine (BSO), sensitized Cal-27 and SCC-25 cells to PER-induced clonogenic killing as well as decreased total GSH and increased %GSSG. Additionally, inhibition of thioredoxin reductase activity (TrxRed) with auranofin (AUR) was able to induce PER sensitization in SCC-25 cells that were initially refractory to PER. These results support the conclusion that PER induces oxidative stress and clonogenic killing in HNSCC cells that is enhanced with inhibitors of GSH and Trx metabolism.

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