scholarly journals Obesity Prevention from Conception: A Workshop to Guide the Development of a Pan-Canadian Trial Targeting the Gestational Period

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. NMI.S14146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristi B. Adamo ◽  
Garry X. Shen ◽  
Michelle Mottola ◽  
Simony Nascimento ◽  
Sonia Jean-Philippe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Lifestyle Intervention ◽  
Obesity Prevention ◽  
Maternal Obesity ◽  
Grant Proposal ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Intervention Trial ◽  
Related Disease ◽  
Gestational Period ◽  
In Pregnancy

This report summarizes a meeting, Obesity Prevention from Conception, held in Ottawa in 2012. This planning workshop was funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) to bring together researchers with expertise in the area of maternal obesity (OB) and weight gain in pregnancy and pregnancy-related disease to attend a one-day workshop and symposium to discuss the development of a cross-Canada lifestyle intervention trial for targeting pregnant women. This future intervention will aim to reduce downstream OB in children through encouraging appropriate weight gain during the mother's pregnancy. The workshop served to (i) inform the development of a lifestyle intervention for women with a high pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), (ii) identify site investigators across Canada, and (iii) guide the development of a grant proposal focusing on the health of mom and baby. A brief summary of the presentations as well as the focus groups is presented for use in planning future research.

scholarly journals The consequences of obesity and excess weight gain in pregnancy

2011 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 450-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane E. Norman ◽  
Rebecca Reynolds
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Postpartum Haemorrhage ◽  
Maternal Obesity ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy Outcome ◽  
Operative Delivery ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy ◽  
In Pregnancy

The prevalence of obesity in pregnancy is rising exponentially; about 15–20% of pregnant women now enter pregnancy with a BMI which would define them as obese. This paper provides a review of the strong links between obesity and adverse pregnancy outcome which operate across a range of pregnancy complications. For example, obesity is associated with an increased risk of maternal mortality, gestational diabetes mellitus, thromboembolism, pre-eclampsia and postpartum haemorrhage. Obesity also complicates operative delivery; it makes operative delivery more difficult, increases complications and paradoxically increases the need for operative delivery. The risk of the majority of these complications is amplified by excess weight gain in pregnancy and increases in proportion to the degree of obesity, for example, women with extreme obesity have OR of 7·89 for gestational diabetes and 3·84 for postpartum haemorrhage compared to their lean counterparts. The consequences of maternal obesity do not stop once the baby is born. Maternal obesity programmes a variety of long-term adverse outcomes, including obesity in the offspring at adulthood. Such an effect is mediated at least in part via high birthweight; a recent study has suggested that the odds of adult obesity are two-fold greater in babies weighing more than 4 kg at birth. The mechanism by which obesity causes adverse pregnancy outcome is uncertain. This paper reviews the emerging evidence that hyperglycaemia and insulin resistance may both play a role: the links between hyperglycaemia in pregnancy and both increased birthweight and insulin resistance have been demonstrated in two large studies. Lastly, we discuss the nature and rationale for possible intervention strategies in obese pregnant women.

scholarly journals Reducing Excessive Gestational Weight Gain: Lessons from the Weight Control Literature and Avenues for Future Research

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 641-661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne Phelan ◽  
Kris Jankovitz ◽  
Todd Hagobian ◽  
Barbara Abrams
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Gestational Weight Gain ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Gestational Weight ◽  
Excessive Gestational Weight Gain ◽  
Daily Diet ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
In Pregnancy

Excessive gestational weight gain is a prevalent problem and an independent predictor of future obesity in both mothers and offspring. Intervention research to prevent excessive gestational weight gain is still in its infancy but results to date have been quite modest. Research in weight control outside of pregnancy over the past 30 years has been more robust and identified several key components of effective programs, including use of caloric restriction, daily diet self-monitoring, self-weighing, behavior therapy and ongoing patient–provider contact. The aim of this article is to summarize intervention components shown to be effective in promoting successful weight control outside of pregnancy and explore potential applications in pregnancy. Available evidence suggests that the strategies shown to be effective for weight control outside of pregnancy may also promote better weight control in pregnancy, but several lines for future investigation remain.

scholarly journals Obesity in pregnancy: risks and management

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate J Fitzsimons ◽  
Jo Modder ◽  
Ian A Greer
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Obesity ◽  
Research Priorities ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Fetal Complications ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Obesity In Pregnancy ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Pregnancy Weight ◽  
In Pregnancy

Maternal obesity is now considered one of the most commonly occurring risk factors seen in obstetric practice. Compared with women with a healthy pre-pregnancy weight, women with obesity are at increased risk of miscarriage, gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, venous thromboembolism, induced labour, caesarean section, anaesthetic complications and wound infections, and they are less likely to initiate or maintain breastfeeding. Babies of obese mothers are at increased risk of stillbirth, congenital anomalies, prematurity, macrosomia and neonatal death. Intrauterine exposure to obesity is also associated with an increased risk of developing obesity and metabolic disorders in childhood. This article reviews the prevalence of obesity in pregnancy and the associated maternal and fetal complications. Recommendations and suggestions for pre-conception, antenatal and postnatal care of women with obesity are presented, and current research in the UK and future research priorities are considered.

scholarly journals Maternal Obesity in Pregnancy, Gestational Weight Gain, and Risk of Childhood Asthma

PEDIATRICS ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 134 (2) ◽  
pp. e535-e546 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Forno ◽  
O. M. Young ◽  
R. Kumar ◽  
H. Simhan ◽  
J. C. Celedon
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Gestational Weight Gain ◽  
Childhood Asthma ◽  
Maternal Obesity ◽  
Gestational Weight ◽  
Obesity In Pregnancy ◽  
In Pregnancy

scholarly journals Metabolic Signatures of Gestational Weight Gain and Postpartum Weight Loss in a Lifestyle Intervention Study of Overweight and Obese Women

Metabolites ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 498
Author(s):  
Chung-Ho E. Lau ◽  
Victoria Taylor-Bateman ◽  
Panagiotis A. Vorkas ◽  
Gonçalo Graça ◽  
Thanh-Huyen T. Vu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Lifestyle Intervention ◽  
Gestational Weight Gain ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Intervention Trial ◽  
Gestational Weight ◽  
Postpartum Weight

Background: Overweight and obesity amongst women of reproductive age are increasingly common in developed economies and are shown to adversely affect birth outcomes and both childhood and adulthood health risks in the offspring. Metabolic profiling in conditions of overweight and obesity in pregnancy could potentially be applied to elucidate the molecular basis of the adverse effects of gestational weight gain (GWG) and postpartum weight loss (WL) on future risks for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and other chronic diseases. Methods: Biofluid samples were collected from 114 ethnically diverse pregnant women with body mass index (BMI) between 25 and 40 kg/m2 from Chicago (US), as part of a randomized lifestyle intervention trial (Maternal Offspring Metabolics: Family Intervention Trial; NCT01631747). At 15 weeks, 35 weeks of gestation, and at 1 year postpartum, the blood plasma lipidome and metabolic profile of urine samples were analyzed by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H NMR) respectively. Results: Urinary 4-deoxyerythronic acid and 4-deoxythreonic acid were found to be positively correlated to BMI. Seventeen plasma lipids were found to be associated with GWG and 16 lipids were found to be associated with WL, which included phosphatidylinositols (PI), phosphatidylcholines (PC), lysophospholipids (lyso-), sphingomyelins (SM) and ether phosphatidylcholine (PC-O). Three phospholipids found to be positively associated with GWG all contained palmitate side-chains, and amongst the 14 lipids that were negatively associated with GWG, seven were PC-O. Six of eight lipids found to be negatively associated with WL contained an 18:2 fatty acid side-chain. Conclusions: Maternal obesity was associated with characteristic urine and plasma metabolic phenotypes, and phospholipid profile was found to be associated with both GWG and postpartum WL in metabolically healthy pregnant women with overweight/obesity. Postpartum WL may be linked to the reduction in the intake of linoleic acid/conjugated linoleic acid food sources in our study population.

scholarly journals Excess Gestational Weight Gain in Pregnancy and the Role of Lifestyle Intervention

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (02) ◽  
pp. e14-e21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Goldstein ◽  
Shakila Thangaratinam ◽  
Jacqueline Boyle ◽  
Helena Teede
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Lifestyle Intervention ◽  
Gestational Weight Gain ◽  
Gestational Weight ◽  
In Pregnancy

scholarly journals Obesogenic diet exposure alters uterine natural killer cell biology and impairs vasculature remodeling in mice

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennet Baltayeva ◽  
Chaini Konwar ◽  
Barbara Castellana ◽  
Danielle Mara ◽  
Julian K Christians ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Natural Killer ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Maternal Obesity ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Killer Cell ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
In Pregnancy ◽  
Uterine Natural Killer

Pre-pregnancy obesity associates with adverse reproductive outcomes that impact maternal and fetal health. While obesity-driven mechanisms linked to poor pregnancy outcomes remain unclear, it is possible that obesity affects local uterine immune cells. Uterine immune cells, particularly uterine natural killer cells (uNK), play central roles in orchestrating developmental events in pregnancy. However, the effect of obesity on uNK biology is poorly understood. Using a high fat/high sugar diet (HFD) obesogenic mouse model, we set out to examine the effects of maternal obesity on uNK composition and establishment of the maternal-fetal interface. HFD exposure resulted in weight gain-dependent increases in systemic inflammation and rates of fetal resorption. Within HFD mice, both weight gain-dependent (diet-induced obese; DIO) and -independent (DIO-resistant; DIO-R) effects on natural cytotoxicity receptor-1 frequency and uNK activity were observed. Importantly, HFD-associated changes in uNK coincided with impairments in uterine artery remodeling in mid but not late pregnancy. Comparison of uNK mRNA transcripts in control diet mice to gene signatures in DIO or DIO-R identified differentially expressed genes that play roles in promoting activity/cytotoxicity and impeding vascular biology. Together, this work provides new insight into how obesity, and particularly how diet-induced weight-gain, may impact uNK processes important in pregnancy.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document