Powdery mildew resistance in soybean PI 243540 is controlled by a single dominant gene

2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 939-942 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.-T. Kang ◽  
M.A. Rouf Mian
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Powdery Mildew Resistance ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Genetic Resistance ◽  
Segregation Ratio ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Single Dominant Gene ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Mildew Resistance

Powdery mildew (Microsphaera diffusa Cooke & Peck) is a common disease of soybean in many countries of the world, including the northern United States of America and parts of Canada. The genetic resistance of soybean to M. diffusa is known to be controlled by a single locus with three alleles designated as Rmd, Rmd-c and rmd. Identification and characterization of sources of resistance is a prerequisite for the development of resistant cultivars. The objective of this study was to determine the inheritance of powdery mildew resistance in a plant introduction (PI) from Japan, PI 243540. The inheritance of powdery mildew was determined in a segregating population from a cross between powdery mildew susceptible Ohio cultivar Wyandot and PI 243540. The parents and the progeny showed a consistent response to powdery mildew for all growth stages of plants. The two parents, the F1, F2, and F2:3 families from the cross were screened in a greenhouse and field following inoculation with M. diffusa. All F1 plants were resistant to M. diffusa and χ2 analysis for segregation in the population of 343 F2 plants indicated a tight fit for a 3:1 (P = 0.78) ratio, indicative of a single dominant gene. In the next generation, the 334 F2-derived families fit an expected 1 resistant:2 segregating:1 susceptible segregation ratio (P =0.88), which confirmed the results obtained in the F2 generation. Our results indicate that the powdery mildew resistance derived from PI 243540 is controlled by a single dominant gene linked to the Rmd/ Rmd-c/rmd locus. The simple inheritance of this gene should make it relatively easy to find linked DNA markers and transfer the gene to susceptible elite cultivars using the backcross breeding approach.

Genetic map of the powdery mildew resistance gene in soybean PI 243540

Genome ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 400-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung-Taeg Kang ◽  
M.A. Rouf Mian
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Powdery Mildew Resistance ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Single Dominant Gene ◽  
Powdery Mildew Resistance Gene ◽  
Chromosome 16 ◽  
Mildew Resistance

Powdery mildew (caused by Microsphaera diffusa Cooke & Peck) is a common disease of soybean in many soybean-growing regions of the world and under greenhouse conditions. The previously reported Rmd locus of soybean for resistance to powdery mildew was mapped on soybean molecular linkage group J (chromosome 16). We have discovered a single dominant gene in PI 243540 that provides season-long resistance to powdery mildew. The objective of this study was to map the powdery mildew resistance gene in PI 243540 with PCR-based molecular markers. One hundred eighty-four F2 plants and their F2:3 families from a cross between the powdery mildew susceptible cultivar ‘Wyandot’ and PI 243540 were screened with M. diffusa in greenhouses. Bulked segregant analysis (BSA) with SSR markers was used to identify the tentative genomic location of the gene. The BSA localized the gene to a genomic region in soybean chromosome 16. A linkage map with seven SSR and six SNP markers flanking the gene was constructed. We positioned the gene between SSR marker Sat_224 and SNP marker BARC-021875-04228 at distances of 9.6 and 1.3 cM from the markers, respectively. The map position of the gene was slightly different from previously reported map positions of the only known Rmd locus. We have mapped a single dominant gene, tentatively called Rmd_PI243540, near the previously known Rmd locus on chromosome 16. The molecular markers flanking the gene will be useful for marker-assisted selection of this gene.

scholarly journals 089 Inheritance of Powdery Mildew Resistance in Sweet Cherry (Prunus avium L.)

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 404A-404
Author(s):  
James W. Olmstead ◽  
Gregory A. Lang ◽  
Gary G. Grove
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Prunus Avium ◽  
Powdery Mildew Resistance ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Genetic Resistance ◽  
Segregation Ratio ◽  
Washington State ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Mildew Resistance

Most sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) cultivars grown commercially in the Pacific Northwest U.S. are susceptible to powdery mildew caused by the fungus Podosphaera clandestina (Wall.:Fr.) Lev. The disease is prevalent in the irrigated arid region east of the Cascade Mountains in Washington State. Little is known about genetic resistance to powdery mildew in sweet cherry, although a selection (`PMR-1') was identified at the Washington State Unive. Irrigated Agriculture Research and Extension Center that exhibits apparent foliar immunity to the disease. The objective of this research was to characterize the inheritance of powdery mildew resistance from `PMR-1'. Reciprocal crosses between `PMR-1' and three high-quality, widely-grown susceptible cultivars (`Bing', `Rainier', and ëVaní) were made to generate segregating progenies for determining the mode of inheritance of `PMR-1' resistance. Progenies were screened for susceptibility to powdery mildew colonization using a laboratory leaf disk assay. Assay results were verified by natural spread of powdery mildew among the progeny seedlings in a greenhouse and later by placement among infected trees in a cherry orchard. Progenies from these crosses were not significantly different (P > 0.05) when tested for a 1:1 resistant to susceptible segregation ratio, indicating that `PMR-1' resistance is conferred by a single gene, which we propose to designate as PMR-1.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Powdery Mildew Resistance in Hydrangea macrophylla

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark T. Windham ◽  
Sandra M. Reed ◽  
Margaret T. Mmbaga ◽  
Alan S. Windham ◽  
Yonghao Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Powdery Mildew Resistance ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Mildew Resistance ◽  
Potted Plants ◽  
Hydrangea Macrophylla ◽  
Erysiphe Polygoni ◽  
High Level ◽  
Moderately Resistant

Abstract Powdery mildew, Erysiphe polygoni DC, can be a significant problem on Hydrangea macrophylla (Thunb.) Ser. in the landscape in late summer to fall and during greenhouse propagation or production of potted plants. Because very little information related to sources of resistance is available, 90 H. macrophylla cultivars were evaluated for resistance to powdery mildew over a 3-year period. This included 69 H. macrophylla ssp. macrophylla and 18 H. macrophylla ssp. serrata (Thunb.) Makino cultivars, along with three cultivars that are hybrids between the two subspecies. Significant differences among cultivars to powdery mildew were found in all three study years. Three cultivars, ‘Amagi Amacha’, ‘Shirofuji’ and ‘Veitchii’, were among the most resistant each year. ‘Diadem’, ‘Komachi’, and ‘Omacha’ were highly resistant in 2006 and 2008, but only moderately resistant in 2007. ‘Komachi’ and ‘Shirofuji’ were considered unsuitable for breeding purposes as they do not appear to produce fertile flowers. ‘Veitchii’ was the only member of H. macrophylla ssp. macrophylla with a high level of powdery mildew resistance; while all other resistant cultivars were members of H. macrophylla ssp. serrata, not all members of this subspecies are resistant. Results of this study will be useful in breeding powdery mildew resistant H. macrophylla.

scholarly journals Selections from barley landrace collected in Libya as new sources of effective resistance to powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei)

2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 217-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.H. Czembor ◽  
H.J. Czembor
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Powdery Mildew Resistance ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Genetic Resistance ◽  
Recessive Gene ◽  
Blumeria Graminis ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Mildew Resistance ◽  
Barley Landrace ◽  
Barley Powdery Mildew

Powdery mildew on barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) caused by the pathogen Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei occurs worldwide and can result in severe yield loss. Because agronomical methods to control the disease are not completely effective, cultivars with genetic resistance are needed. Therefore, there is a need to describe new sources of genes that confer resistance to barley powdery mildew. This study was conducted to determine the genetic basis of resistance to powdery mildew in three selections 995-1-1, 995-1-2, 995-1-3 from barley landrace 995 (ICB 112840) collected in Al Aziziyah district, Tripolitania, Libya. Landrace originated from InternationalCenter for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas – ICARDA, Aleppo, Syria. To determine the number of genes, the types of genes action and the gene loci in tested lines two types of crosses were made: (1) the lines were crossed to the susceptible cultivar Pallas, (2) the lines were crossed with Pallas isoline P22 carrying gene mlo5. The parents and progeny F2 were evaluated with isolate R303.1 for the powdery mildew resistance. Based on segregation ratios we found that resistance in these three selections was determined by a single recessive gene allelic to the Mlo locus occurring in Pallas isoline P22. In addition tested lines showed resistance reaction type 0(4) characteristic only for genes mlo. The value of new identified sources of highly effective powdery mildew resistance to breeding programs and barley production is discussed.

scholarly journals Powdery Mildew Resistance in Wheat Cultivar Mv Hombár is Conferred by a New Gene, PmHo

2016 ◽  
Vol 106 (11) ◽  
pp. 1326-1334
Author(s):  
Judit Komáromi ◽  
Tünde Jankovics ◽  
Attila Fábián ◽  
Katalin Puskás ◽  
Zengyan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Powdery Mildew Resistance ◽  
Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Segregation Ratio ◽  
Colony Development ◽  
Powdery Mildew Resistance Gene ◽  
Mildew Resistance ◽  
Microscopic Studies

A new powdery mildew resistance gene designated as PmHo was identified in ‘Mv Hombár’ winter wheat, bred in Martonvásár, Hungary. It has exhibited a high level of resistance over the last two decades. Genetic mapping of recombinant inbred lines derived from the cross ‘Ukrainka’/Mv Hombár located this gene on chromosome 2AL. The segregation ratio and consistent effect in all environments indicated that PmHo is a major dominant powdery mildew resistance gene. The race-specific nature of resistance in Mv Hombár was shown by the emergence of a single virulent pathotype designated as 51-Ho. This pathotype was, to some extent, able to infect Mv Hombár, developing visible symptoms with sporulating colonies. Microscopic studies revealed that, in incompatible interactions, posthaustorial hypersensitivity reaction was the most prevalent but not exclusive plant defense response in Mv Hombár, and fungal growth was mostly arrested during haustorium formation or in the early stages of colony development. The delayed fungal development of the virulent pathotype 51-Ho may be explained by additional effects of other loci that were also involved in the powdery mildew resistance of Mv Hombár.

scholarly journals Evaluation of different sources of resistance for breeding powdery mildew resistant grapevine varieties

1999 ◽  
Vol 5 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Korbuly
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Wild Species ◽  
Powdery Mildew Resistance ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Close Correlation ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Mildew Resistance ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Different Sources

The appearance of resistance to powdery mildew was investigated on seedling progenies of interspecific crossings. Hybrids of American and East-Asian wild species and one Vitis vinifera variety (Janjal kara) were used as source of resistance in the crossings. The resistance of foliage and of berries were tested in the field at the time of vintage. The degree of resistance was ranked into six classes. In American and Asian hybrid derivatives there were few highly resistant progenies, but in the hybrids of Janjal kara variety more than 90 % of the progenies proved to be highly resistant to powdery mildew. According to the distribution of classes of resistance in the populations the resistance of American and Asian sources are mostly influenced by additive gene affects. The resistance of Janjal kara seemed to be mono or digenic. No close correlation was found between the powdery mildew resistance of the foliage and that of the berries.  

scholarly journals New Pathotype Nomenclature for Better Characterisation the Virulence and Diversity of Blumeria graminis f.sp. avenae Populations

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1852
Author(s):  
Sylwia Okoń ◽  
Magdalena Cieplak ◽  
Adam Kuzdraliński ◽  
Tomasz Ociepa
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Host Resistance ◽  
Powdery Mildew Resistance ◽  
Blumeria Graminis ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Mildew Resistance ◽  
Differential Set ◽  
Letter Code ◽  
First Time

Fungal cereal pathogens, including Blumeria graminis f.sp. avenae, have the ability to adapt to specific conditions, which in turn leads to overcoming host resistance. An important aspect is the standardized way of characterizing the races and pathotypes of the pathogen. In the presented work, for the first time it was proposed to use a unified letter code that allows describing the pathotypes of B. graminis f.sp. avenae. The set of 14 oat genotypes were used as a differential set. This set included genotypes having so far described powdery mildew resistance genes Pm1–Pm11, and two genotypes (A. sterilis and A. strigosa) with effective sources of resistance to Bga. Based on the analysis of 160 Bga isolates collected in 2016–2019 from 4 locations in Poland, the most numerous was the TBBB pathotype, represented by 30% of the tested isolates. It was present in all analyzed populations. Subsequently, 8.1% and 6.3% of the isolates represented the TBCB and RBBB pathotypes, respectively.

scholarly journals Fine Mapping a Broad-Spectrum Powdery Mildew Resistance Gene in Chinese Landrace Datoumai, PmDTM, and Its Relationship with Pm24

Plant Disease ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 104 (6) ◽  
pp. 1709-1714
Author(s):  
Nan Lu ◽  
Mingxue Lu ◽  
Pan Liu ◽  
Hongxing Xu ◽  
Xiaolong Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Powdery Mildew Resistance ◽  
Bulked Segregant Analysis ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Powdery Mildew Resistance Gene ◽  
Mildew Resistance ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
Chinese Landrace ◽  
Chinese Wheat ◽  
Simple Sequence

Powdery mildew, caused by the biotrophic fungal pathogen Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (Bgt), is a globally important wheat disease causing severe yield losses, and deployment of resistant varieties is the preferred choice for managing this disease. Chinese wheat landrace Datoumai was resistant to 22 of 23 Bgt isolates at the seedling stage. Genetic analysis based on the inoculation of Bgt isolate E09 on the F1, F2, and F2:3 populations derived from the cross Datoumai × Huixianhong revealed that the powdery mildew resistance of Datoumai is controlled by a single dominant gene, temporarily designated as PmDTM. Bulked segregant analysis and simple sequence repeat mapping with 200 F2 plants showed that PmDTM was located in the same genetic region as Pm24 on chromosome 1DS. To fine map PmDTM, 12 critical recombinants were identified from 1,192 F2 plants and delimited PmDTM to a 0.5-cM Xhnu58800 to Xhnu59000 interval covering 180.5 Kb (38,728,125 to 38,908,656 bp) on chromosome 1DS, and only one highly confident gene, TraesCS1D02G058900, was annotated within this region. TraesCS1D02G058900 encodes a receptor-like serine/threonine-protein kinase (STK), and a 6-bp deletion in exon 5 may confer the resistance to powdery mildew. Allele frequency analysis indicated that the STK allele with 6-bp deletion was only present in three landraces (Datoumai, Chiyacao [Pm24], and Hulutou) and was absent in all of the 353 Chinese modern cultivars and 147 foreign cultivars. These results demonstrate that PmDTM is mapped to the same locus as Pm24 and can be widely used to enhance powdery mildew resistance in wheat growing regions worldwide.

scholarly journals Inheritance of Powdery Mildew Resistance in Sweet Cherry

HortScience ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 337-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
James W. Olmstead ◽  
Gregory A. Lang ◽  
Gary G. Grove
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Prunus Avium ◽  
Powdery Mildew Resistance ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Genetic Resistance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Washington State ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Mildew Resistance

Most sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) cultivars grown commercially in the Pacific Northwestern states of the United States are susceptible to powdery mildew, caused by the fungus Podosphaera clandestina (Wall.:Fr.) Lev. The disease is prevalent in the irrigated arid region east of the Cascade Mountains in Washington State. Little is known about genetic resistance to powdery mildew in sweet cherry, although a selection (PMR-1) was identified at Washington State Univ.'s Irrigated Agriculture Research and Extension Center that exhibits apparent foliar immunity to the disease. The objective of this research was to determine the inheritance of powdery mildew resistance from PMR-1. Reciprocal crosses were made between PMR-1 and three high-quality, widely-grown susceptible cultivars (`Bing', `Rainier', and `Van'). Resultant progenies were screened for reaction to powdery mildew colonization using a laboratory leaf disk assay. Assay results were verified by natural spread of powdery mildew among the progeny in a greenhouse and later by placing them among infected trees in a cherry orchard. Segregation within the progenies for powdery mildew reaction fit a 1 resistant: 1 susceptible segregation ratio (P ≤ 0.05), indicating that resistance to powdery mildew derived from PMR-1 was conferred by a single gene.

scholarly journals Genetic Mapping of Powdery Mildew Resistance Genes in Wheat Landrace ‘Guizi 1’ Using Genotyping-By-Sequencing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luhua Li ◽  
Xicui Yang ◽  
Zhongni Wang ◽  
Mingjian Ren ◽  
Chang An ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Powdery Mildew Resistance ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Genotyping By Sequencing ◽  
Snp Markers ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Mildew Resistance

Abstract Wheat powdery mildew (Pm), caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (Bgt), is a destructive disease of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) worldwide that causes severe yield losses. Resistant wheat cultivars easily lose effective resistance against newly emerged Bgt strains; therefore, identifying new resistance genes is necessary for breeding resistant cultivars. ‘Guizi 1’ is a Chinese wheat cultivar with effective moderate and stable resistance against powdery mildew. A genetic analysis indicated that powdery mildew resistance in ‘Guizi 1’ was controlled by a single dominant gene, designated PmGZ1. In total, 110 F2 individual plants and the 2 parents were used for genotyping-by-sequencing, which produced 23,134 high-quality single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The SNP distributions on the 21 chromosomes ranged from 134 on chromosome 6D to 6,288 on chromosome 3B. Chromosome 6A has 1,866 SNPs, among which 16 are located in a physical region between positions 307,802,221 and 309,885,836 in an approximate 2.3-cM region, which possessed the greatest SNP density. The average map distance between SNP markers was 0.1 cM. A quantitative trait locus with a significant epistatic effect on powdery mildew resistance was mapped to Chromosome 6A. The LOD value of PmGZ1 reached 34.8, and PmGZ1 was located within the confidence interval marked by chr6a-307802221 and chr6a-309885836. The phenotypic variance explained by PmGZ1 was 74.7%. Four candidate genes (two each encoding TaAP2-A and actin proteins) were annotated as resistance genes. The present results provide valuable information for wheat genetic improvement, quantitative trait loci fine mapping, and candidate gene validation.

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