CHEMICAL EFFECTS ON ANTHOCYANIN BIOSYNTHESIS IN STORED CRANBERRIES

1970 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 673-677 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. E. CANSFIELD ◽  
F. J. FRANCIS
Keyword(s):  
Indoleacetic Acid ◽  
Anthocyanin Biosynthesis ◽  
Pigment Production ◽  
Consumer Acceptance ◽  
Anthocyanin Pigment ◽  
Total Pigment ◽  
Chemical Effects ◽  
M 10 ◽  
Pigment Contents ◽  
Stimulation Of

Infiltration of pale colored cranberries with gibberellic acid (10−4M, 10−5M), malathion (0.38 × 10−4M), indoleacetic acid (10−6M) and galactose (10−2M) stimulated the development of anthocyanin pigment. Galactose (0.5 × 10−1M, 0.25 × 10−1M) and sucrose (10−1M, 0.5 × 10−1M, 0.25 × 10−1M) inhibited pigment production. The experimental berries all had much lower total pigment contents than well colored, vine-ripened berries. The ratios of the four main pigments were also different. The stimulation of pigment production was not great enough to influence consumer acceptance. However, the results were sufficiently encouraging to suggest that further experiments were justified.

Kinetin-Mediated Stimulation of Accumulation of Buckwheat Flavonoids in the Dark

1983 ◽  
Vol 38 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 711-718 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Margna ◽  
T. Vainjärv
Keyword(s):  
Anthocyanin Biosynthesis ◽  
Flavonoid Biosynthesis ◽  
Accumulation Rates ◽  
Sharp Rise ◽  
Short Treatment ◽  
Exogenous Substrate ◽  
Percent Increase ◽  
High Level ◽  
Fold Stimulation ◽  
Stimulation Of

A short treatment of excised buckwheat cotyledons with a solution of kinetin lead to an up to 9-fold stimulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis, to an about 50 percent increase in the accumula­tion of rutin, and to an about 30 percent increase, on the average, in the accumulation of C-glycosylflavones in the treated material during its posttreatment incubation in the dark. When the treated cotyledons were incubated in a solution of ʟ--phenylalanine anthocyanin accumulation in the dark practically attained the same high level as it was observed in the illuminated cotyledons fed with exogenous ʟ--phenylalanine. In experiments with l4C-labelled L-phenylalanine kinetin induced a sharp rise in the labelling (resp. in the utilization of exogenous substrate for biosynthesis) of anthocyanins and rutin in the dark and a slight increase in the radioactivity of C-glycosylflavones. Similar labelling changes occurred in the illuminated cotyledons. However, both kinetin and light still more effectively promoted biosynthetic use of the endogenous sub­strate. As a result the relative portion of flavonoids formed from exogenous L-phenylalanine under these conditions showed a decrease as compared with the ratio of precursor use in the un­treated cotyledons. The results show that low accumulation rates of anthocyanins and other flavo­noids in the dark are conditioned by the limited access of substrate (ʟ--phenylalanine) molecules to the flavonoid enzymes lending further support to the idea that flavonoid biosynthesis is normally controlled at the substrate rather than at the enzymic level.

Stimulation of indoleacetic acid production in a Rhizobium isolate of Vigna mungo by root nodule phenolic acids

2009 ◽  
Vol 191 (4) ◽  
pp. 389-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santi Mandal ◽  
Mahitosh Mandal ◽  
Amit Das ◽  
Bikas Pati ◽  
Ananta Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Acid Production ◽  
Root Nodule ◽  
Indoleacetic Acid ◽  
Vigna Mungo ◽  
Rhizobium Isolate ◽  
Stimulation Of

scholarly journals Metabolitic activity of 11-deoxycorticosterone and prednisolone in the alga Chlorella vulgaris Beijerinck

2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romuald Czerpak ◽  
Izabela K. Szamrej
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Green Alga ◽  
Chlorella Vulgaris ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Soluble Proteins ◽  
Inhibitory Influence ◽  
M 10 ◽  
Stimulation Of

The influence of optimal concentrations 5 x 10<sup>-6</sup>M - 10<sup>-6</sup>M of 11-deoxycorticosterone (mineralocorticoid) and prednisolone (glucocorticoid) on the growth (fresh and dry weight) and content of soluble proteins, reducing sugars and nucleic acids in the green alga <em>Chlorella vulgaris</em> (<em>Chlorophyceae</em>). Both corticosteroids at concentration 5 x 10<sup>-6</sup>M were most strongly active metabolically between the 5th-15th day of the cultivation and this probably was caused by their chemical biotransformation. The applied corticosteroids induced the strongest stimulative effect on the content of soluble proteins in the range of 167-196% and reducing sugars (233-275%) when compared to the control (100%). Prednisolone showed lower stimulative activity on the content of proteins. But 11-deoxycorticosterone showed weaker stimulation of on the content of sugar. Both of the corticosteroids showed a stimulating or inhibitory influence upon the content of nucleic acids in <em>C. vulgaris</em> cells without regard to the concentration.

scholarly journals Influence of Age on Color Values and Total Pigment Contents of Eleven Major Muscles in Japanese Black Steers

1988 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-60
Author(s):  
Mitsuru MITSUMOTO ◽  
Tadayoshi MITSUHASHI ◽  
Yoshihiro YAMASHITA
Keyword(s):  
Total Pigment ◽  
Pigment Contents

Auxinlike Activity and Metabolism of Mefluidide in Corn (Zea mays) and Soybean (Glycine max) Tissue

Weed Science ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 452-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Glenn ◽  
Charles E. Rieck
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Phenyl Ring ◽  
Auxin Transport ◽  
Indoleacetic Acid ◽  
Meristematic Tissue ◽  
Polar Transport ◽  
M 10 ◽  
Coleoptile Elongation

Mefluidide {N-[2,4-dimethyl-5-[[(trifluoromethyl) sulfonyl] amino] phenyl] acetamide} was evaluated for effects on corn [Zea mays(L.) ‘Pioneer 3535’] coleoptile elongation. Mefluidide at 10-8M, 10-7M, and 10-6M stimulated elongation approximately equal to growth stimulations with 10-6M indoleacetic acid (IAA). Polar transport of14C-IAA from donor agar blocks through corn coleoptiles and into receiver agar blocks after 12 h was increased 246% by 10-4M mefluidide and inhibited 82% by 10-3M mefluidide. Mefluidide-related chemicals (10-4M) lacking a trifluoromethyl-sulfonyl-amino chain at the 1-position of the phenyl ring did not alter14C-IAA transport. IAA transport was increased 97% when the acetamide chain at the 5-position was absent and 255% when the methyl in the 4-position was absent, and it decreased 65% when the methyl at the 2-position was absent. Polar transport of14C-IAA through soybean [Glycine max(L.) Merr. ‘Williams’] hypocotyls was not altered by 10-4M mefluidide; however, 10-3M mefluidide increased IAA transport 116%. After 6 h, corn coleoptiles metabolized 14% of the mefluidide absorbed and soybean metabolized 54% of the mefluidide absorbed from14C-mefluidide solutions (10-6M). Differences in the rate of metabolism of mefluidide in meristematic tissue of corn and soybean may explain differences in mefluidide effects on auxin transport in corn and soybean.

Anthocyanin Carrying Structures in Specific Genotypes of Matthiola incana R. Br.

1981 ◽  
Vol 36 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 925-927 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Hemleben
Keyword(s):  
Anthocyanin Biosynthesis ◽  
Epidermal Cells ◽  
The Other ◽  
Genetic Constitution ◽  
Anthocyanin Pigment ◽  
Matthiola Incana

Abstract Several lines of the genetically well defined Matthiola incana (Brassicaceae) concerning the anthocyanin biosynthesis (line 02, 06, 10, and 14) store the anthocyanin pigment as crystals (line 06) or in anthocyanoblasts (“balls”) in the epidermal cells (line 02, 10, and 14) of the flower petals. The genetic constitution of these genotypes is in addition to the basic factors f+, g+, and e+, b+b+ or bb (cyanidin or pelargonidin type), ll, u+u+, and v+v+ or vv, demonstrating that the ll, u+u+ constitution is responsible for precipitation of anthocyanins in a certain structure indepen­ dent of the other modificationally acting genes b and v. The ll, u+u+ types accumulate preferentially acylated 3-biosides.

Nectar secretion in excised flowers. VI. Relationship of secretion to protein metabolism

1978 ◽  
Vol 56 (7) ◽  
pp. 833-842 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. Shuel ◽  
W. Tsao
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Protein Metabolism ◽  
Indoleacetic Acid ◽  
Sugar Transport ◽  
Adsorptive Capacity ◽  
Total Protein Content ◽  
Nectar Secretion ◽  
Protein Gel ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Stimulation Of

The relationship of nectar secretion in snapdragon to protein metabolism, and the influence on both processes of indoleacetic acid (IAA) and to a lesser extent pollination, were both studied. Indoleacetic acid at 5 × 10−4 M appeared to initiate a reorganization in the nectary which led to the stimulation of growth and an early termination of secretion. Two hours after treatment began, incorporation of [14C]uracil into RNA was 60% higher than in controls. A twofold to threefold increase in protein synthesis from [14C]sucrose followed but with no increase and usually a reduction in total nectary protein, despite considerable enlargement of the nectary. These effects suggested a differential action of IAA on protein synthesis and an enhanced degradation of existing protein. Changes in RNA and protein gel electropherograms, and a lowering of the adsorptive capacity of protein in nectary homogenate for [14C]sucrose, were also noted. Actinomycin C, puromycin, and chloramphenicol, like IAA, strongly inhibited secretion but differed from IAA with respect to other effects. None stimulated nectary growth. Actinomycin inhibited synthesis of protein from [14C]sucrose. Puromycin and chloramphenicol increased the amount of protein synthesized from [14C]sucrose but reduced the total protein content. Changes in the nectary following pollination resembled those caused by IAA with respect to RNA and protein gel patterns, stimulation of growth, reduction in tissue protein concentration, and cessation of nectar secretion. It is possible, though not demonstrated, that termination of secretion by IAA and pollination was mediated by changes in proteins associated with sugar transport.

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