HARMFUL EFFECT OF WORKED-DOWN WINTER WHEAT ON SPRING-SEEDED WHEAT AND RAPESEED

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 299-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. FREYMAN ◽  
G. B. SCHAALJE
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Brassica Campestris ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Causative Effect ◽  
Effect On Yield

Where winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L. ’Norstar’) was worked-down on 1 May and the plots reseeded to spring wheat immediately, no detrimental effect on yield of spring wheat was found. However, delaying this action until 15 May reduced the yields of spring-seeded wheat because of the harmful effect of decomposing winter wheat and late seeding. Moisture depletion by winter wheat was eliminated as a causative effect by light irrigations during May. Yields of rapeseed (Brassica campestris L. ’Candle’) were not so severely reduced by worked-down winter wheat. The harmful effect was significant only with 30 May cultivation and seeding date.Key words: Phytotoxicity, Triticum aestivum, Brassica campestris, worked-down

scholarly journals Stubble options for winter wheat in the Black soil zone of western Canada

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. B. Irvine ◽  
G. P. Lafond ◽  
W. May ◽  
H. R. Kutcher ◽  
G. W. Clayton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Soil Zone ◽  
Spring Cereals ◽  
Barley Silage

Irvine, B. R., Lafond, G. P., May, W., Kutcher, H. R., Clayton, G. W., Harker, K. N., Turkington, T. K. and Beres, B. L. 2013. Stubble options for winter wheat in the Black soil zone of western Canada. Can. J. Plant Sci. 93: 261–270. Winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production has yet to reach its full potential in the Canadian prairies. Alternative stubble types are needed to help overcome the challenge of timely planting of winter wheat in late-maturing canola (Brassica napus L.) fields. A study was conducted in the prairie provinces of Canada to determine ideal stubble types for winter wheat and select spring cereals grown in the Black soil zone. Spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), canola, pea (Pisum sativum L.), barley grain or silage (Hordeum vulgare L.), and oat (Avena sativa L.) stubbles were established at four locations in western Canada. A new study area was established at each location for 3 yr. In the year following establishment, winter wheat, hard red spring wheat, barley, and oats were grown on each stubble type at each study area. Winter wheat and spring cereal crops often yielded best and had greater grain protein concentration on barley silage, pea, and canola stubbles relative to other stubble types. The yield and grain protein concentration of spring cereals was best when grown on pea stubble. Winter wheat production attributes varied most among site by crop combinations, and further investigation indicated the source of this variability may be from winter wheat plantings on canola and pea stubble. Among the optimal stubbles, less variable results were observed when winter wheat was grown on barley silage stubble, suggesting proper crop residue management would reduce the variability observed in canola and pea stubble. Our results suggest stubble alternatives to canola are available for winter wheat plantings in western Canada.

INHERITANCE OF PHOTOPERIODIC HEADING RESPONSE IN WINTER AND SPRING CULTIVARS OF BREAD WHEAT

1973 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. KEIM ◽  
J. R. WELSH ◽  
R. L. McCONNELL
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Inheritance System ◽  
Photoperiod Insensitivity ◽  
Short Days

Populations from crosses between two winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell.) parents, Lancer and Warrior, which were sensitive to photoperiod, and Sonora 64, a photoperiod-insensitive spring wheat, were studied under a 10-h photoperiod. F2 distributions supported by F3 data demonstrated a two-gene inheritance system with dominant epistasis for insensitivity. The F2 distributions fit the hypothesis of a 12 early:3 late:1 very late ratio, where early heading in short days was associated with photoperiod insensitivity. Minor factors also appeared to affect the earliness of heading.

INHERITANCE OF MAGNETOTROPISM IN COMMON WHEAT

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
HUGH McKENZIE ◽  
U. J. PITTMAN
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Common Wheat ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Female Parent ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L

Kharkov 22 MC, a cultivar of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) whose roots show a magnetotropic response, was crossed to Reward, a cultivar of spring wheat (T. aestivum L.), whose roots show no magnetotropic response. The magnetotropic responses of the F1, B2, F2, and B2 populations were the same as that of the female parent used in the crosses or backcrosses, showing that this characteristic is inherited through the cytoplasm.

Differential response to chilling injury of the group 6 chromosomes of cv. Chinese Spring wheat

Genome ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 144-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernest D. P. Whelan
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Chinese Spring ◽  
Chilling Injury ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Chinese Spring Wheat ◽  
Group 6

Winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) requires vernalization (exposure to temperatures between 1 and 10 °C) to induce heading. Vernalization also induces earlier heading of many spring wheat varieties. Studies of the spring wheat cv. Chinese Spring identified cytogenetic lines of the group 6 chromosomes that were susceptible to chilling injury when seedlings were grown at 6 °C for 8 weeks. Lines that were either ditelocentric for the long arm of chromosome 6D or nullisomic for 6D were susceptible, while those ditelocentric for the short arm of 6D were not. Neither cv. Chinese Spring nor ditelocentrics for either the long or short arms of chromosomes 6A or 6B were susceptible. Susceptible plants selected from F2 seedlings of plants monosomic for 6D were nullisomics. Doublemonotelocentric F1 hybrids from crosses between plants ditelocentric for 6DS or 6DL were resistant, but susceptible F2 seedlings from this cross were either nullisomic for 6D or telocentric for the long arm. The dominant gene(s) that prevents chilling injury at 6 °C appears to be on the short arm of chromosome 6D of cv. Chinese Spring wheat.Key words: chilling injury, wheat, telocentrics, nullisomics, vernalization.

scholarly journals Reduced microbiological contamination following irrigation of germinated seed for foods

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 139-145
Author(s):  
Danilčenko Honorata ◽  
Jarienė Elvyra ◽  
Televičiutė Dalė ◽  
Supronienė Skaidrė ◽  
Kulaitienė Jurgita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Ethyl Alcohol ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Naked Oat ◽  
Secale Cereale L ◽  
Avena Nuda ◽  
Penicillium Spp ◽  
Germinated Seeds

Germinated seeds are rich in various nutrients but are vulnerable to fungal contamination which favours micromycete formation on the sprouts. The main aim of this work was an investigation of strategies to reduce the contamination of sprouted seed foods. Over the course of 96 hours of sprouting, seeds of organic spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), naked oat (Avena nuda L.), triticale (xTriticosecale) and rye (Secale cereale L.) were irrigated in water filtered using the Pazdroid Med-1500 filtration device with and without 4% ethyl alcohol. Germinated seeds were stored at 18°C for one, three and seven days and the levels of Mucor spp., Penicillium spp., Alternaria spp., Aspergillus spp., Fusarium spp. and Bipolaris spp were determined. Micromycete numbers were greater in sprouted winter wheat and rye but were reduced when these were soaked and irrigated with filtered water and filtered water containing 4% ethyl alcohol. Filtered water led to greater reductions in micromycete numbers in sprouted winter and spring wheat than in other seeds.

scholarly journals Naturally Occurring Ecdysteroids in Triticum aestivum L. and Evaluation of Fenarimol as a Potential Inhibitor of Their Biosynthesis in Plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 2855
Author(s):  
Anna Janeczko ◽  
Jana Oklestkova ◽  
Danuše Tarkowská ◽  
Barbara Drygaś
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Animal Kingdom ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
P450 Monooxygenase ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Regulatory Effects ◽  
Potential Use

Ecdysteroids (ECs) are steroid hormones originally found in the animal kingdom where they function as insect molting hormones. Interestingly, a relatively high number of these substances can also be formed in plant cells. Moreover, ECs have certain regulatory effects on plant physiology, but their role in plants still requires further study. One of the main aims of the present study was to verify a hypothesis that fenarimol, an inhibitor of the biosynthesis of ECs in the animal kingdom, also affects the content of endogenous ECs in plants using winter wheat Triticum aestivum L. as a model plant. The levels of endogenous ECs in winter wheat, including the estimation of their changes during a course of different temperature treatments, have been determined using a sensitive analytical method based on UHPLC-MS/MS. Under our experimental conditions, four substances of EC character were detected in the tissue of interest in amounts ranging from less than 1 to over 200 pg·g−1 FW: 20-hydroxyecdysone, polypodine B, turkesterone, and isovitexirone. Among them, turkesterone was observed to be the most abundant EC and accumulated mainly in the crowns and leaves of wheat. Importantly, the level of ECs was observed to be dependent on the age of the plants, as well as on growth conditions (especially temperature). Fenarimol, an inhibitor of a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase, was shown to significantly decrease the level of naturally occurring ECs in experimental plants, which may indicate its potential use in studies related to the biosynthesis and physiological function of these substances in plants.

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