ALBINISM AND NATURAL SELFING IN Picea pungens

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 1097-1098
Author(s):  
W. H. CRAM
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Recessive Gene ◽  
Blue Spruce ◽  
Picea Pungens ◽  
Self Pollination

Albino seedlings from self-pollinated seed were attributed to a simple and lethal recessive gene, which was utilized to estimate the occurrence of 0–18% natural self-pollination in blue spruce (Picea pungens Engelm.).Key words: Albinism, natural selfing, Picea pungens

Inheritance of isozymes in seed and bud tissues of blue and Engelmann spruce

Genome ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. G. Ernst ◽  
D. E. Keathley ◽  
J. W. Hanover
Keyword(s):  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Malate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Glutamate Oxaloacetate Transaminase ◽  
Blue Spruce ◽  
Mating Design ◽  
Engelmann Spruce ◽  
Enzyme Systems ◽  
Segregation Ratios ◽  
Mode Of Inheritance

Thirteen loci from 11 enzyme systems were identified among full-sib and half-sib progeny of blue and Engelmann spruce. Eleven of the loci were expressed in bud, embryo, and megagametophyte tissue; the remaining two loci were expressed only in embryo and megagametophyte tissue. There were no mobility differences observed between loci expressed in seed and bud tissues. The mode of inheritance for 10 of the loci was confirmed based on progeny genotypic distributions. For the two loci not expressed in bud tissue, acid phosphatase (Acp-2) and diaphorase (Dia-2), inheritance was inferred from pooled segregation ratios of megagametophytes from open-pollinated seed from heterozygous females. The inheritance of glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (Got-3) was also inferred from segregation ratios and diploid embryo phenotypes of open-pollinated progeny owing to a lack of variability at this locus among the 40 parents in the mating design. Two loci, aldolase (Ald) and malate dehydrogenase (Mdh-2), were monomorphic among the 20 parents of both species. Key words: isozymes, Engelmann spruce, blue spruce, Picea.

Lignocellulose degradation by Fusarium species

1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 1194-1198 ◽  
Author(s):  
John B. Sutherland ◽  
Anthony L. Pometto III ◽  
Don L. Crawford
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Fusarium Species ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Lignocellulose Degradation ◽  
Blue Spruce ◽  
Picea Pungens ◽  
Weight Losses ◽  
Aromatic Degradation ◽  
Different Strains

Eighteen strains of fungi in the genus Fusarium, including varieties of F. episphaeria, F. lateritium, F. moniliforme, F. nivale, F. oxysporum, F. rigidiusculum, F. roseum, F. solani, and F. tricinctum, slowly degraded lignocelluloses from blue spruce (Picea pungens) and wheat (Triticum aestivum). When grown with [lignin-14C]lignocellulose from blue spruce, 15 of the Fusarium strains converted 2.2 to 4.3% of the [14C]lignin in 60 days to 14CO2 and 3.9 to 8.4% to labeled water-soluble products. When grown with unlabeled lignocellulose from wheat straw, the strains caused total weight losses in 60 days of 7 to 25%, acid-insoluble (Klason) lignin losses of 2 to 17%, and carbohydrate losses of 3 to 33%. Crude protein contents of degraded wheat-straw lignocellulose samples were 3.2 to 5.1%. Among the aromatic degradation products from wheat-straw lignocellulose degraded by different strains, as shown by gas chromatography, were p-coumaric acid, vanillic acid, vanillin, syringaldehyde, and p-hydroxybenzaldehyde.

scholarly journals Self-Compatibility Crosses of Several Cocoa Clones

2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Agung Wahyu Susilo
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
Self Pollination ◽  
Self Compatibility

Self compatibility cross in cocoa is a useful criterion in utilizing germplasm collection. Evaluation of self-compatibility crosses on cocoa clones has been carried out in Kaliwining Experimental Station of ICCRI by treating artificial self-pollination. The observed clones were TSH 858, ICS 60, ICS 13, UIT 1, KW 162, KW 165, KW 163, DR 1, DR 2, DRC 16, DRC 15, KKM 22, Na 32, Na 33 and DR 38. Self-compatibility crosses were identified by percentage of fruit set evaluated during 6 consecutive weeks after pollination. The results showed that the percentage of fruit set were significantly different among clones in the range of 0—46.34%. Three groups of compatibility of cocoa clones were identified i.e. first, self-incompatible clones of DR 1, Na 32, Na 33; second, partially self compatible clones of DR 38, TSH 858, ICS 60, ICS 13, UIT 1, KW 162, KW 165, KKM 22; and third, self-compatible clones of DR 2, DRC 16,DRC 15, KW 163. Clones which perform self-incompatible and partially self-compatible furthermore can be used as female parents in the production of hybrids. Key words: self-compatibility, Theobroma cacao, clones.

scholarly journals Bud blight (Gemmamyces piceae) in the eastern part of the Krušné hory Mountains

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (No. 8) ◽  
pp. 309-317
Author(s):  
Jiri Sefl ◽  
Veronika Mottlová ◽  
Iva Schořálková
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Blue Spruce ◽  
Picea Pungens ◽  
Host Trees ◽  
Sprouting Ability ◽  
Trend Assessment ◽  
Krušné Hory Mountains

A survey was carried out in 2013–2019 on the life cycle of the bud blight Gemmamyces piceae (Borthw.) Casagrande and the trend assessment in the infestation of the Colorado blue spruce Picea pungens Engelm. stands. Four ecologically different plots were chosen in the Fláje region in the Eastern part of the Krušné hory Mountains. The pycnidia were formed at the beginning of June on buds infested the previous year. Later, in the second half of June, they formed on the spring attack buds. Conidia occurred in the first week of July on the buds of the old infestation, or later in the case of the spring attack buds, in the middle of July. The production of conidia lasted till the end of September. Ascospores occurred in the middle of July and were produced until the end of September. The ability of host trees to sprout became continually weaker, along with the defoliation progress. A distinct decline in the sprouting ability was noticed on stands with a dense crown canopy and on stands with competition of broad-leaved trees – with an admixture of birch.

The role of reactive oxygen species in pollen germination in Picea pungens (blue spruce)

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 357-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikita Maksimov ◽  
Anastasia Evmenyeva ◽  
Maria Breygina ◽  
Igor Yermakov
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Pollen Germination ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Blue Spruce ◽  
Picea Pungens

A new hybrid between blue spruce and white spruce

1969 ◽  
Vol 47 (11) ◽  
pp. 1693-1700 ◽  
Author(s):  
James W. Hanover ◽  
Ronald C. Wilkinson
Keyword(s):  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
Growth Form ◽  
Female Parent ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Hybrid Seed ◽  
Blue Spruce ◽  
Picea Pungens ◽  
Biochemical Analyses

Controlled pollinations were made within and between blue spruce (Picea pungens Engelm.) and white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) in 1967 and 1968. Interspecific hybrids were obtained and verified by comparative measurements of several traits. The cross was successful when either species was used as the female parent. Hybrid seed germinated more rapidly than that of either species and hybrid seedlings showed some heterosis for early growth. Also, hybrid seedlings had needles intermediate between, and significantly different from, the parental seedlings. Growth form of the hybrid was quite variable compared with that of either species. Further evidence for the successful crossing of blue spruce and white spruce was provided by biochemical analyses of monoterpene compounds in the parents and progeny.

Seasonal variation of the terpenes of the leaves, buds, and twigs of blue spruce (Picea pungens)

1975 ◽  
Vol 53 (24) ◽  
pp. 2978-2982 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. von Rudloff
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Bornyl Acetate ◽  
Bud Burst ◽  
Blue Spruce ◽  
Picea Pungens ◽  
Young Leaves ◽  
Winter Buds ◽  
Diterpene Alcohol

The variation in the relative amounts of the terpenes of the mature and young leaves, buds, and twigs of blue spruce was investigated during a full year. As with the spruces that were investigated previously, large changes were recorded only in the buds and in the young leaves after bud burst. The variations that were recorded in the latter for santene, tricyclene, camphene, camphor, bornyl acetate, and limonene were similar to those that were found in white spruce, but those of car-β-ene, α-pinene, and β-pinene differed. Several quantitative differences in the oil of the winter buds were also recorded. The variation of β-pinene correlated negatively with that of sabinene, γ-terpinene, and terpinolene. A transient diterpene alcohol of the geranylgeraniol type was found in the buds and young twigs during spring. The seasonal variation of the terpenes of the twig oil was smaller than the twig-to-twig variation within a tree. The implications for chemosystematic studies are discussed.

scholarly journals Blue sky’s the limit? Somatic embryogenesis as a means of propagating recalcitrant blue spruce (Picea pungens) cultivar Hoopsii

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan Demone ◽  
Jingqin Mao ◽  
Shen Wan ◽  
Maryam Nourimand ◽  
Äsbjörn Erik Hansen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Zygotic Embryos ◽  
Embryo Abortion ◽  
Blue Spruce ◽  
Picea Pungens ◽  
Initiation Frequency ◽  
Propagation Methods

AbstractThe ‘triple-blue’ cultivar of blue spruce (Picea pungens Hoopsii) is notably recalcitrant towards the realm of traditional vegetative propagation methods. Its ability to naturally proliferate is limited by ovule and embryo abortion during the growing season, leading to low viable seed yield. In this study, we established a protocol using somatic embryogenesis (SE) as a means of propagating this popular ornamental cultivar. We collected cones from Hoopsii trees at seven different timepoints throughout the growing season (mid-June to late July in Ottawa (Plant Hardiness Zone 5A)). Female megagametophytes were harvested following each collection and immature zygotic embryos were plated onto induction media. Early somatic embryos began developing from the embryonic tissue (ET) three to five weeks following induction. The highest ET initiation frequency occurred from embryos collected June 20–July 10, suggesting that developmental stage of the embryo was a significant factor in SE induction. The conversion of mature somatic embryos into plantlets (emblings) was completed in eight–ten weeks at a rate of 92.8%. In this study, we demonstrate that in vitro somatic embryogenesis using our optimized protocol is a fast and prolific method for the mass propagation of Hoopsii blue spruce. This is the first report on the production of somatic Hoopsii emblings.

Natural Variation Among Seedlings from Colorado Sources of Blue Spruce

1988 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 106-109
Author(s):  
Kenneth E. Diebel ◽  
Gilbert H. Fechner
Keyword(s):  
Seed Weight ◽  
Natural Variation ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Blue Spruce ◽  
Picea Pungens ◽  
Single Tree ◽  
Bud Set ◽  
Seed Zone ◽  
Nested Analysis ◽  
Germination Value

Abstract Germination value, seed weight, cotyledon number, cone length, date of bud set, and height growth were examined on 75 single-tree Colorado sources of blue spruce (Picea pungens Engelm.) grown under accelerated conditions in a greenhouse. The 75 sources were grouped according to seed zone of origin; and nested analysis of variance indicated significant differences between zones for all traits except cotyledon number and date of bud set. No differences were found among families (grouped according to subregions) within seed zones. Trees in families from low elevations and southern latitudes set bud later than trees of other origins. Variation in date of bud set conformed to local altitudinal clinal patterns. West. J. Appl. For. 2(4):106-109, October 1988.

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